Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
All the technical contents of this standard are mandatory.
This standard was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard supersedes "Wool" (GB 1523-1993).
There have been some significant changes in this standard over GB 1523-1993 in the following aspects:
- The terminologies and definitions of the important standard - "Sheep Wool" were revised again;
- "Category and class" in technical requirements were changed to "model and specification", and the technical requirements were detailed;
- The requirements of faulty wool and vegetable matter content were added;
- The allowable content of each model of coarse wool hair was defined, and the operability of this standard was enhanced;
- The calculation methods for wool base and vegetable matter base were added;
- The clean wool content and skirting wool content of the wool with specification of A or B were specified.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China Fiber Inspection Bureau.
Drafting organizations of this standard: China Fiber Inspection Bureau, National Animal Husbandry Station, All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Department of Inspection Supervision of AQSIQ, China Wool Textile Association, Nanjing Wool Market, Jiangsu Sunshine Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai Shenyi Wooltop Co., Ltd., Wuxi Xiexin Group Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Fiber Inspection Bureau, Jiangsu Fiber Inspection Bureau and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Fiber Inspection Bureau.
Chief drafters of this standard: Du Shuying, Wang Xiaoping, Mao Jianxin, Ma Jianyuan, Yi Feng, Zhang Feng, He Liang, Zhao Ying, Chen Gang, Song Zhenxiang, Liu Zhenjiang and Liu Changchun.
This standard was firstly issued in 1993 and is revised for the first time.
Sheep Wool
綿羊毛
1 Scope
This standard specifies the model, specification (grade), technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules, and packaging, marking, storage and transportation of sheep wool.
This standard is applicable to quality determination of sheep wool (including superfine sheep wool, fine sheep wool, medium fine sheep wool, improved sheep wool and native sheep wool) during production, transaction, processing, quality supervision and import and export inspection.
2Normative References
The following documents for the application of this document are essential. Any dated reference, just dated edition applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 6976 Test Method for Measure Length of the Wool Staple Natural Formation
GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values & Expression and Judgement of Limiting Values
GB/T 10685 Wool - Determination of Fiber Diameter - Projection Microscope Method
GB/T 14270 Test Method for Fiber Type Content of Hair Fibers
GB/T 21030 Test Method for the Mean and Distribution of Fibre Diameter of Wool and Other Animal Fibre - Optical Fibre Diameter Analyser (OFDA)
GB/T 27629 Determination of Breaking Tenacity of Animal Fibre Bundles
IWTO-12 Measurement of the Mean and Distribution of Fibre Diameter Using the Sirolan-Laserscan Fibre Diameter Analyser
3Terminologies and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terminologies and definitions apply.
3.1
Sheep wool
Wool fibre growing on sheep body, which is referred to as wool.
3.2
Superfine wool
Homogeneous fleece with mean fibre diameter of 19.0 μm or above.
3.3
Fine wool
Homogeneous fleece with mean fibre diameter of 19.1 μm~25.0 μm.
3.4
Medium fine wool
Homogeneous fleece with mean fibre diameter of 25.1 μm~55.0 μm.
3.5
Improved wool
Wool fibre growing on the crossbred sheep in the process of improvement but having not yet reached homogeneous level.
3.6
Native wool
Wool fibre growing on the sheep which has not yet been improved and has the characteristics of primitive breeds.
3.7
Fleece wool
Wool obtained from live sheep, interconnecting between staples and in tight net form.
3.8
Greasy wool
Wool without treatment of washing, solvent degreasing, carbonization, etc.
3.9
Quality number
Corresponding fineness characteristic index of wool specified by the mean fibre diameter (μm) (see Appendix A).
3.10
Coarse wool hair
Coarse wool refers to the wool fibre in diameter of 52.5 μm or above. Cavity hair refers to the wool fibre of medullary cavity, of which the length is 25mm or above in the projected image by 500× microscope.
3.11
Kemp hair
Coarse wool in oblate cross section and U shape and with developed medulla and very thin or no cortical layer, of which the fibres are dry, white, vulnerable and easily broken, and hard to be dyed.
3.12
Homogeneous fleece
Wool composed of the wool fibres of the same type.
3.13
Partial homogeneous fleece
Among the staples on a fleece wool, most of them are in homogeneous fleece pattern and small part of them are in heterogeneous fleece pattern.
3.14
Heterogeneous fleece
Wool composed of the wool fibres of the different types.
3.15
Heterotypical hair
Wool containing two kinds of fibre forms, i.e., medullated wool and non-medullated wool, on one stick of wool fibre.
3.16
Skirting wool
Wool cut off from the edge of fleece wool and obviously different from the main body fleece.
3.17
Head leg and tail wool
Wool cut from the head, leg and tail part of sheep.
3.18
Non-wool fibre
Other fibres blended in wool fibre.
3.19
Second cuts
Wefty wool repeatedly cut off during wool clipping.
3.20
Faulty wool, defective wool
Defective wool, including: stamped wool, canary stained wool, dung stained wool, burry wool, heavy cotted wool, coloured wool, dermatitis and acariasis wool, and tender wool.
3.20.1
Stamped wool
Stained wool for the purpose of marking on sheep body, e.g., dyed wool, tar-stained wool, painted wool, used oil-stained wool, and other colour-stained wool.
3.20.2
Canary stained wool
Wool being stained to become yellow and with thestained part exceeding more than 50% of the staple length.
3.20.3
Dung stained wool; dag wool
Wool being seriouslystained by dung.
3.20.4
Burry wool
Wool containing such area concentrated with vegetable grass.
3.20.5
Heavy cotted wool
Wool containing such wool fibres which are in cotted form, will not be in single fibres and have severe reduction of strength if being torn.
3.20.6
Coloured wool
Heterochromous wool contained in wool fibres.
3.20.7
Dermatitis and acariasis wool
Wool obtained from the sheep having dermatitis and acariasis, with scab or scurf.
3.20.8
Tender wool
Wool containing such a part of fibres with obvious small diameter and strength due to such factors as malnutrition or disease during the growth of sheep.
3.21
Yield
Percentage of the conventional mass of cleaned wool to the mass of greasy wool.
3.22
Clean wool content
Percentage of the corrected value of absolute dry mass of wool after being cleaned and cleared of impurities, per conventional moisture regain and conventional grease content, to the mass of greasy wool.
3.23
Lot sample
Wool sample that taken from bulk goods or batched goods for trading.
3.24
Subsample
Sample being randomly taken from the lot sample to represent the lot sample.
3.25
Wool base
Percentage of the absolute dry mass of wool free from any impurities to the mass of subsample.
3.26
Vegetable matter base
Percentage of the absolute dry mass of wool free from such vegetable matters as ash and burr of ethanol extractives to the mass of subsample.
3.27
Test specimen
Sample for test, which randomly taken from the dry and cleaned subsample.
3.28
Total alkali-insoluble matter
All the alkali-insoluble matters free from ash and ethanol extractives, which are expressed in the percentage to the absolute dry mass of test specimen.
3.29
Ethanol extractives
Wool grease and other matters soluble via extraction with ethanol as solvent, which is expressed in the percentage to the absolute dry mass of test specimen.
3.30
Ash
Residue of test specimen after being heated, burnt and incinerated at 750℃±50℃, which is expressed in the percentage to the absolute dry mass of test specimen.
3.31
Fibre diameter
Degree of fineness of wool fibre, which is expressed in the diameter of wool fibre (μm).
3.32
Mean fibre diameter
Mean of wool fibre diameter.
3.33
CV of mean fibre diameter
Variation degree of the diameter of wool fibre.
3.34
Staple length
Linear distance between the mean value point at top end and the root end of a bundle of wool fibres at natural crimp condition.
3.35
Mean staple length
Arithmetic mean value of the staple length of wool fibres at natural crimp condition.
3.36
CV of mean staple length
Variation degree of the mean staple length of wool fibres at natural crimp condition.
4Technical Requirements
4.1 The homogeneous wool shall be classified by model and specification, as detailed in Table 1.
Table 1 Classification of Homogeneous Wool by Model and Specification
Model Specification Assessment indexes
Range of mean diameter/μm Length Quantity percentage of coarse wool hairs or kemp hairs/%
≤ Mass fraction of faulty wool /%
≤ Content of vegetable matter/%
≤
Mean staple length/mm
≥ Minimum staple length/mm
≥ Quantity percentage of shortest staples/%
≤
YM/14.5 A ≤15.0 70 40 2.5 Coarse wool hair
0.0 0.5 1.0
B 65
C 50
YM/15.5 A 15.1~16.0 70 1.0
B 65 1.5
C 50
YM/16.5 A 16.1~17.0 72 1.0
B 65 1.5
C 50
YM/17.5 A 17.1~18.0 74 1.0
B 68 1.5
C
50
YM/18.5 A 18.1~19.0 76 1.0
B 68 1.5
C 50
YM/19.5 A 19.1~20.0 78 1.0
B 70 1.5
C 50
YM/20.5 A 20.1~21.0 80 1.0
B 72 1.5
C 55
YM/21.5 A 21.1~22.0 82 50 3.0 2.0 1.0
B 74 1.5
C 55
YM/22.5 A 22.1~23.0 84 1.0
B 76 1.5
C 55
YM/23.5 A 23.1~24.0 86 1.0
B 78 1.5
C 60
YM/24.5 A 24.1~25.0 88 50 3.0 Coarse wool hair
0.0 2.0 1.0
B 80 1.5
C 60
YM/26.0 A 25.1~27.0 90 60 4.5 Kemp hair
0.3 1.0
B 82 1.5
C 70
YM/28.0 A 27.1~29.0 92 1.0
B 84 1.5
C 70
YM/31.0 A 29.1~33.0 110 70 1.0
B 90 1.5
YM/35.0 A 33.1~37.0 110
B 90 1.0
YM/41.5 A 37.1~46.0 110 1.5
B 90
YM/50.5 A 46.1~55.0 110 1.0
B 90 1.5
YM/55.1 A ≥55.1 60 - - Kemp hair
1.5 -
B 40 - - Kemp hair
5.0 -
4.2The technical requirements of homogeneous wool are as follows:
a)The technical requirements of improved wool are detailed in Table 2.
Table 2 Technical Requirements of Improved Wool
Grade Mean staple length /mm Quantity percentage of coarse wool hairs or kemp hairs/%
Improvement Grade I ≥60 ≤1.5
Improvement Grade II ≥40 ≤5.0
b) Native wool shall comply with the relevant standards.
4.3During subjective assessment of the model and specification of wool, the assessment scope may cover respectively one grade higher and lower, and the objective inspection results shall prevail in case of any dispute.
4.4The wool with staple strength of 25N/ktex~20N/ktex is tender wool and less than 20N/ktex is severely tender wool.
4.5The clean wool content shall be marked according to the actual inspection result.
4.6The mass fraction of skirting wool shall be less than or equal to 1.5%.
4.7Coloured wool shall be separately packaged and properly described.
4.8Loose wool and skirting wool shall be separately packaged and properly described.
4.9Head leg and tail wool, burry wool and other valuable faulty wool shall be separately packaged and properly described.
4.10Stamped wool and seriously stained wool shall be picked out, separately packaged and properly described.
5Inspection Methods
5.1Sampling
5.1.1Sampling methods
5.1.1.1Extraction of quality samples
Quality samples shall be taken by unpacking way. The samples sufficient to represent the quality of this batch of wool shall be randomly taken from both ends and the middle of wool bale respectively.
5.1.1.2Extraction of lot samples
The wool bales for inspection shall be weighed one by one and undergo core drilling. The core drilling direction shall be parallel to the packing direction of wool bale or perpendicular to the piling direction of fleece wool, the drilling depth shall be larger than 50% of the length of wool bale, and the distance between the drilling hole and the edge of wool bale shall be larger than 75mm. All the drilled core samples shall be weighed within 8h, with the mass value accurate to 0.1g. The drilled core samples shall be cleared off all the packaging materials and shall be placed in sealed container. The weighed mass value of lot sample shall be recorded as W.
5.1.1.3Extraction of subsamples
After being weighed, the lot sample shall be mixed mechanically or manually. After being adequately and uniformly mixed, the sample shall be divided. Lot sample shall be spread on workbench, with a thickness of 30mm~60mm, and then shall be divided into 16 equal parts by dichotomy and quartation, etc., and totally 200g sample shall be randomly taken from these parts to obtain 5 subsamples totally. Multi-point sampling method may also be adopted, i.e., uniformly finding 20 points on the spread sample and taking samples from these points, then turning over the sample with reverse side facing upwards, uniformly finding 20 points and taking sample until the sample mass is 200g, and obtaining 5 subsamples. The rest part shall be preserved as backup sample.
The subsamples and the residual sample shall be weighed, with the mass value accurate to 0.1g. The sum of the mass of 5 subsamples and that of residual sample is Wb. W/Wb is the mass correction factor of subsamples.
5.1.2Sampling quantity
5.1.2.1 Quality sample
One bale shall be taken from every 20 bales, from which 1kg sample shall be taken. If the bale quantity is less than 20, they still shall be regarded as 20 bales. For those with quantity larger than 100, the quantity of sampled bales shall be increased by 1 bale per 30 or below bales of the increase of total bale quantity. The total mass of each lot of sample shall be at least 15kg. The wool quality samples taken shall be weighed and the mass value shall be recorded as Wp.
5.1.2.2Lot sample
The total mass of lot sample taken by core drilling shall be at least 1,200g.
5.1.2.3Subsample
The mass of subsamples taken shall be 200g.
5.2Inspection
5.2.1 Fibre diameter
The fibre diameter may be subjectively judged in the link of acquisition, while it shall be subject to the objective inspection result in case of any dispute.
5.2.2Natural length of staple
The inspection shall be carried out according to GB/T 6976.
5.2.3 Staple strength
The inspection shall be carried out according to GB/T 27629.
5.2.4Coarse wool hair or kemp hair content
The inspection shall be carried out according to GB/T 14270.
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terminologies and Definitions
4 Technical Requirements
5 Inspection Methods
6 Inspection Rules
7 Inspection Certificate
8 Packaging, Marking, Storage and Transportation
Appendix A (Informative) Corresponding Values of Wool Diameter and Quality Number
Appendix B (Informative) Determination of the Influence of Flotage and Convection Effect
Appendix C (Informative) Calibration of Pneumatic Tester
綿 羊 毛
1 范圍
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了綿羊毛的型號(hào)、規(guī)格(等級(jí))、技術(shù)要求、檢驗(yàn)方法、檢驗(yàn)規(guī)則以及包裝、標(biāo)志、儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于綿羊毛(包括超細(xì)綿羊毛、細(xì)綿羊毛、半細(xì)綿羊毛、改良綿羊毛、土種綿羊毛)的生產(chǎn)、交易、加工、質(zhì)量監(jiān)督和進(jìn)出口檢驗(yàn)中的質(zhì)量鑒定。
2規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件對(duì)于本文件的應(yīng)用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 6976羊毛毛叢自然長(zhǎng)度試驗(yàn)方法
GB/T 8170數(shù)值修約規(guī)則與極限數(shù)值的表示和判定
GB/T 10685羊毛纖維直徑試驗(yàn)方法 投影顯微鏡法
GB/T 14270毛絨纖維類型含量試驗(yàn)方法
GB/T 21030羊毛及其他動(dòng)物纖維平均直徑與分布試驗(yàn)方法 纖維直徑光學(xué)分析儀法
GB/T 27629毛絨束纖維斷裂強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)方法
IWTO-12賽羅(Sirolan)激光掃描纖維直徑分析儀測(cè)定平均纖維直徑及纖維直徑分布的方法(Measurement of the mean and distribution of fibre diameter using the sirolan-lasersean fibre diameter analyser)
3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義
下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。
3.1
綿羊毛sheep wool
生長(zhǎng)在綿羊身上的毛纖維，簡(jiǎn)稱羊毛。
3.2
超細(xì)羊毛superfine wool
纖維平均直徑在19.0 μm及以下的同質(zhì)毛。
3.3
細(xì)羊毛fine wool
纖維平均直徑在19.1 μm～25.0 μm的同質(zhì)毛。
3.4
半細(xì)羊毛 medium fine wool
纖維平均直徑在25.1 μm～55.0 μm的同質(zhì)毛。
3.5
改良羊毛improved wool
生長(zhǎng)在改良過程中的雜交綿羊身上的、未達(dá)到同質(zhì)的毛纖維。
3.6
土種羊毛native wool
生長(zhǎng)在未經(jīng)改良、具有原始品種特征的綿羊身上的毛纖維。
3.7
套毛 fleece wool
從活羊身上取得的、毛叢間相互連接、呈緊密網(wǎng)狀的羊毛。
3.8
含脂毛 greasy wool
未經(jīng)過洗滌、溶劑脫脂、碳化或其他方法處理的羊毛。
3.9
品質(zhì)支數(shù)quality number
羊毛按纖維平均直徑微米數(shù)所規(guī)定的相應(yīng)細(xì)度表征指標(biāo)(參見附錄A)。
3.10
粗腔毛 coarse wool hair
粗毛是指直徑在52.5 μm及以上的毛纖維。腔毛是指髓腔在500倍顯微放大投影像中長(zhǎng)度達(dá)25 mm及以上的毛纖維。
3.11
干死毛kemp hair
橫截面呈扁圓、馬蹄形狀，毛髓發(fā)達(dá)，皮質(zhì)層很薄或無(wú)的粗毛。纖維外觀干枯，色澤呆白，脆弱易斷，染色困難。
3.12
同質(zhì)毛homogeneous fleece
由同一類型毛纖維組成的羊毛。
3.13
基本同質(zhì)毛partial homogeneous fleece
在一個(gè)套毛上的各個(gè)毛叢，大部分為同質(zhì)毛形態(tài)，少部分為異質(zhì)毛形態(tài)。
3.14
異質(zhì)毛heterogeneous fleece
由不同類型毛纖維組成的羊毛。
3.15
兩型毛heterotypical hair
在同一根毛纖維上具有有髓毛和無(wú)髓毛兩種纖維形態(tài)的羊毛。
3.16
邊肷毛skirting wool
從套毛周邊除下的、與正身毛有明顯差異的羊毛。
3.17
頭腿尾毛head leg and tail wool
從綿羊身上剪下的頭部、腿部、尾部的羊毛。
3.18
異性纖維non-wool fibre
羊毛纖維中混入的其他纖維。
3.19
重剪毛second cuts
剪毛時(shí)重復(fù)剪下的短羊毛。
3.20
疵點(diǎn)毛faulty wool，defective wool
有缺陷的羊毛。包括：印記毛、黃殘毛、糞污毛、草刺毛、硬氈片毛、花毛、疥癬毛及弱節(jié)毛。
3.20.1
印記毛stamped wool
在綿羊身上作標(biāo)記的沾色羊毛，如染色的毛、瀝青毛、油漆毛、廢機(jī)油毛等有色污染毛。
3.20.2
黃殘毛canary stained wool
污染變黃且污染部分超過毛叢長(zhǎng)度50％以上的羊毛。
3.20.3
糞污毛dung stained wool；dag wool
被糞便嚴(yán)重污染的羊毛。
3.20.4
草刺毛burry wool
羊毛中含植物性草雜密集區(qū)的羊毛。
3.20.5
硬氈片毛heavy cotted wool
毛纖維結(jié)成氈片，撕扯后非單根纖維狀，毛纖維強(qiáng)力嚴(yán)重下降的羊毛。
3.20.6
花毛 coloured wool
毛纖維中夾有的異色羊毛。
3.20.7
疥癬毛dermatitis and acariasis wool
從患有疥癬病的綿羊身上取得的羊毛，帶有結(jié)痂或皮屑。
3.20.8
弱節(jié)毛tender wool
因綿羊生長(zhǎng)時(shí)營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良或疾病等因素，導(dǎo)致纖維的一部分直徑明顯變細(xì)、強(qiáng)力降低的羊毛。
3.21
洗凈率yield
羊毛洗凈后的公定質(zhì)量占含脂毛質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)。
3.22
凈毛率 clean wool content
羊毛經(jīng)洗滌、去除雜質(zhì)后的絕干質(zhì)量，以公定回潮率和公定含油脂率修正后的質(zhì)量占含脂毛質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)。
3.23
批樣lot sample
從大宗散批、交易貨批中扦取的羊毛樣品。
3.24
子樣subsample
從批樣中隨機(jī)扦取的代表批樣的樣品。
3.25
毛基wool base
不含任何雜質(zhì)的羊毛絕干質(zhì)量占子樣質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)。
3.26
植物性雜質(zhì)基vegetable matter base
不含灰分和乙醇萃取物的草刺等植物性雜質(zhì)的絕干質(zhì)量占子樣質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)。
3.27
試樣test specimen
從干燥的洗凈子樣中隨機(jī)扦取用于測(cè)試的樣品。
3.28
總堿不溶物total alkali-insoluble matter
不含灰分和乙醇萃取物的所有堿不溶性物質(zhì)，用占試樣絕干質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)表示。
3.29
乙醇萃取物ethanol extractives
用乙醇作溶劑，經(jīng)過萃取溶于乙醇的羊毛油脂等物質(zhì)，用占試樣絕干質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)表示。
3.30
灰分ash
試樣在750℃±50℃加熱灼燒灰化后的殘余，用占試樣絕干質(zhì)量的百分?jǐn)?shù)表示。
3.31
纖維直徑 fibre diameter
羊毛纖維的粗細(xì)程度，用羊毛纖維直徑微米(μm)數(shù)表示。
3.32
平均纖維直徑 mean fibre diameter
羊毛纖維直徑的平均值。
3.33
纖維直徑變異系數(shù)CV of mean fibre diameter
羊毛纖維直徑大小變化的程度。
3.34
毛叢長(zhǎng)度staple length
一束羊毛纖維在自然卷曲狀態(tài)下，梢端平均值點(diǎn)至根端間的直線距離。
3.35
平均毛叢長(zhǎng)度mean staple length
羊毛纖維在自然卷曲狀態(tài)下毛叢長(zhǎng)度的算術(shù)平均值。
3.36
毛叢長(zhǎng)度變異系數(shù)CV of mean staple length
羊毛纖維在自然卷曲狀態(tài)下的平均毛叢長(zhǎng)度長(zhǎng)短變化的程度。
4技術(shù)要求
4.1 同質(zhì)羊毛按型號(hào)、規(guī)格分類，見表1。
表1 同質(zhì)羊毛按型號(hào)、規(guī)格分類
型號(hào) 規(guī)格 考核指標(biāo)
平均直徑
范圍/μm 長(zhǎng)度 粗腔毛或干死毛根數(shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)/％
≤ 疵點(diǎn)毛質(zhì)
量分?jǐn)?shù)/％
≤ 植物性雜
質(zhì)含量/％
≤
毛叢平均
長(zhǎng)度/mm
≥ 最短毛叢長(zhǎng)度/mm
≥ 最短毛叢個(gè)數(shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)/％
≤
YM/14.5 A ≤15.0 70 40 2.5 粗腔毛
0.0 0.5 1.0
B 65
C 50
YM/15.5 A 15.1～16.0 70 1.0
B 65 1.5
C 50
YM/16.5 A 16.1～17.0 72 1.0
B 65 1.5
C 50
YM/17.5 A 17.1～18.0 74 1.0
B 68 1.5
C 50
YM/18.5 A 18.1～19.0 76 1.0
B 68 1.5
C 50
YM/19.5 A 19.1～20.0 78 1.0
B 70 1.5
C 50
YM/20.5 A 20.1～21.0 80 1.0
B 72 1.5
C 55
YM/21.5 A 21.1～22.0 82 50 3.0 2.0 1.0
B 74 1.5
C 55
YM/22.5 A 22.1～23.0 84 1.0
B 76 1.5
C 55
YM/23.5 A 23.1～24.0 86 1.0
B 78 1.5
C 60
表1(續(xù))
型號(hào) 規(guī)格 考核指標(biāo)
平均直徑
范圍/μm 長(zhǎng)度 粗腔毛或干死毛根數(shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)/％
≤ 疵點(diǎn)毛質(zhì)
量分?jǐn)?shù)/％
≤ 植物性雜
質(zhì)含量/％
≤
毛叢平均
長(zhǎng)度/mm
≥ 最短毛叢
長(zhǎng)度/mm
≥ 最短毛叢個(gè)數(shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)/％
≤
YM/24.5 A 24.1～25.0 88 50 3.0 粗腔毛
0.0 2.0 1.0
B 80 1.5
C 60
YM/26.0 A 25.1～27.0 90 60 4.5 干死毛
0.3 1.0
B 82 1.5
C 70
YM/28.0 A 27.1～29.0 92 1.0
B 84 1.5
C 70
YM/31.0 A 29.1～33.0 110 70 1.0
B 90 1.5
YM/35.0 A 33.1～37.0 110
B 90 1.0
YM/41.5 A 37.1～46.0 110 1.5
B 90
YM/50.5 A 46.1～55.0 110 1.0
B 90 1.5
YM/55.1 A ≥55.1 60 干死毛
1.5
B 40 干死毛
5.0
4.2異質(zhì)羊毛技術(shù)要求見下：
a)改良羊毛技術(shù)要求見表2。
表2改良羊毛技術(shù)要求
等別 毛叢平均長(zhǎng)度/mm 粗腔毛或干死毛根數(shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)/％
改良一等 ≥60 ≤1.5
改良二等 ≥40 ≤5.0
b) 土種羊毛按相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行。
4.3主觀評(píng)定羊毛的型號(hào)、規(guī)格時(shí)，可跨上、下各一檔，如有爭(zhēng)議則以客觀檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果為準(zhǔn)。
4.4毛叢強(qiáng)度介于25 N/ktex～20 N/ktex的為弱節(jié)毛，低于20 N/ktex的為嚴(yán)重弱節(jié)毛。
4.5凈毛率按照實(shí)際檢測(cè)結(jié)果標(biāo)注。
4.6邊肷毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)≤1.5％。
4.7花毛應(yīng)單獨(dú)包裝，并加以說(shuō)明。
4.8散毛及邊肷毛應(yīng)單獨(dú)包裝，并加以說(shuō)明。
4.9頭腿尾毛、草刺毛及其他有使用價(jià)值的疵點(diǎn)毛，分別單獨(dú)包裝，并加以說(shuō)明。
4.10印記毛、重度污染毛應(yīng)撿出，單獨(dú)包裝，并加以說(shuō)明。
5檢驗(yàn)方法
5.1取樣
5.1.1取樣方法
5.1.1.1品質(zhì)樣品的扦取
品質(zhì)樣品采用開包方式扦取，在毛包兩端和中間部位分別隨機(jī)扦取足能代表本批羊毛品質(zhì)的樣品。
5.1.1.2批樣的扦取
用于檢驗(yàn)的毛包應(yīng)逐包過磅并鉆芯。鉆芯方向應(yīng)平行于毛包打包方向或垂直于套毛堆疊方向，鉆孔深度應(yīng)大于毛包長(zhǎng)度的50％，鉆孔點(diǎn)距離毛包邊緣應(yīng)大于75 mm。所有鉆芯樣品應(yīng)在8 h內(nèi)稱取質(zhì)量，精確至0.1 g。應(yīng)去除鉆芯樣品中的所有包裝材料，并將鉆芯樣品放入密閉的容器內(nèi)。稱取的批樣樣品質(zhì)量記作W。
5.1.1.3子樣的扦取
批樣稱取質(zhì)量后進(jìn)行混樣，混樣可采用機(jī)械和人工兩種方法進(jìn)行。待樣品充分混合均勻后進(jìn)行分樣。將批樣平鋪在工作臺(tái)上，鋪成的樣品厚度在30 mm～60 mm之間，可用兩分法、四分法等方法將樣品分成16等份，再?gòu)拿糠葜须S機(jī)扦取樣品至200 g，共5個(gè)子樣。也可用多點(diǎn)取樣方法，即在鋪好的樣品上均勻找好20個(gè)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行取樣，再將樣品翻轉(zhuǎn)使其反面朝上，均勻找好20個(gè)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行取樣，直至樣品質(zhì)量為200 g，共5個(gè)子樣。其余部分作為備樣保存。
將扦取的子樣和剩余樣品稱取質(zhì)量，精確至0.1 g。5個(gè)子樣質(zhì)量和剩余樣品質(zhì)量相加得到的質(zhì)量為Wb。W/Wb為子樣質(zhì)量修正系數(shù)。
5.1.2取樣數(shù)量
5.1.2.1 品質(zhì)樣品
每20包取1包，從中取出不少于1 kg樣品。不足20包按20包計(jì)。100包以上每增加30包增取1包，不足30包按30包計(jì)。每批樣品總質(zhì)量不少于15 kg。將所取的羊毛品質(zhì)樣品稱計(jì)質(zhì)量，記作Wp。
5.1.2.2批樣
鉆芯扦取的批樣總質(zhì)量不少于1 200 g。
5.1.2.3子樣
扦取的子樣質(zhì)量為200 g。
5.2檢驗(yàn)
5.2.1 纖維直徑
在收購(gòu)環(huán)節(jié)可采取主觀方法判定，如有爭(zhēng)議，則以客觀檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果為準(zhǔn)。
5.2.2毛叢自然長(zhǎng)度
按GB/T 6976進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。
5.2.3 毛叢強(qiáng)度
按GB/T 27629進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。
5.2.4粗腔毛或干死毛含量
按GB/T 14270進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。
5.2.5疵點(diǎn)毛和邊肷毛
5.2.5.1檢驗(yàn)
將所取的羊毛品質(zhì)樣品平鋪在工作臺(tái)上，從中分揀出疵點(diǎn)毛和邊肷毛，分別稱取質(zhì)量并分別記作Wc和Wk。
5.2.5.2疵點(diǎn)毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的計(jì)算
按式(1)計(jì)算疵點(diǎn)毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)：
…………………………(1)
式中：
C——疵點(diǎn)毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，％(精確至0.01)；
Wc——疵點(diǎn)毛質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.01 kg)；
Wp——全批羊毛品質(zhì)樣品質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.1 kg)。
5.2.5.3邊肷毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的計(jì)算
按式(2)計(jì)算邊肷毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)：
…………………………(2)
式中：
K——邊肷毛質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，％(精確至0.01)；
Wk——邊肷毛質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.01 kg)；
Wp——全批羊毛品質(zhì)樣品質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.1 kg)。
5.3凈毛率、凈毛公量
5.3.1 去除包裝物和捆扎物后的羊毛質(zhì)量的計(jì)算
全批貨物的毛包均應(yīng)稱計(jì)毛包質(zhì)量，精確至0.01 kg，并扣除包裝物和捆扎物質(zhì)量，按式(3)計(jì)算貨物去除包裝物和捆扎物后的羊毛質(zhì)量：
Wn=Wg-Wt ……………………………(3)
式中：
Wn——去除包裝物和捆扎物后的羊毛質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.1 kg)；
Wg——毛包過磅總質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.1 kg)；
Wt——總包裝物和捆扎物質(zhì)量，單位為千克(kg)(精確至0.1kg)。
5.3.2子樣的洗滌和烘干
5.3.2.1儀器和用具
儀器和用量主要有：
a)洗毛設(shè)備：洗毛槽，有效容量10 L以上或能滿足檢測(cè)要求，并附有雙層銅絲網(wǎng)夾底(每25 mm 100目)和適宜的排水系統(tǒng)；
b)離心脫水機(jī)；
c) 非離子型洗滌劑，濃度0.3％～0.4％；
d) 烘箱(附有最小分度值0.01 g的箱內(nèi)天平和恒溫控制裝置)；
e)強(qiáng)制式快速烘干器。
5.3.2.2試驗(yàn)步驟
5.3.2.2.1 洗滌子樣
第一次：漂洗(水溫35℃～45℃)，1 min；
第二次：洗滌(水溫52℃±3℃)，3 min：
第三次：漂洗(水溫35℃～45℃)，1.5 min；
第四次：洗滌(水溫52℃±3℃)，3 min；
第五次：漂洗(水溫35℃～45℃)，1.5 min：
第六次：漂洗(水溫35℃～45℃)，1.5 min。
洗滌后應(yīng)收集篩網(wǎng)上的短毛及所有雜質(zhì)，用洗滌分離法去除泥沙和其他外來(lái)雜質(zhì)，將收集的短毛和植物性雜質(zhì)合并至子樣內(nèi)。如洗滌時(shí)有羊毛纖維和植物性雜質(zhì)的散失，需對(duì)損失進(jìn)行修正。散失的羊毛纖維和植物性雜質(zhì)的平均損失不得大于洗滌子樣質(zhì)量的0.3％。
5.3.2.2.2烘干子樣
將洗滌后的子樣脫水，放入105℃±2℃烘箱內(nèi)烘至恒重，稱重精確至0.01 g。如在非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣下進(jìn)行烘干，則樣品的質(zhì)量應(yīng)進(jìn)行溫濕度修正，修正系數(shù)查見表B.1和表B.2。在箱外稱重，應(yīng)進(jìn)行浮力和對(duì)流修正。測(cè)定浮力和對(duì)流效應(yīng)影響的方法參見附錄B。
5.3.3 乙醇萃取物、灰分、植物性雜質(zhì)和總堿不溶物含量
5.3.3.1 乙醇萃取物
5.3.3.1.1儀器設(shè)備和試劑
a)索氏萃取器；
b)恒溫水浴鍋；
c)恒溫烘箱；
d)分析天平：最小分度值0.001 g；
e) 乙醇(分析純，濃度不低于94％)。
5.3.3.1.2試驗(yàn)步驟
從每份洗凈烘干的子樣中隨機(jī)稱取5 g試樣一份，試樣質(zhì)量按規(guī)定進(jìn)行修正。將試樣用過濾紙包好后放入浸抽器內(nèi)，下接已烘至恒重的蒸餾瓶，注入溶劑，將蒸餾瓶置于水浴鍋中，使溶劑蒸發(fā)上升，冷凝回流，每次測(cè)試的回流總次數(shù)不少于20次。萃取完畢后，取出試樣，回收溶劑，然后將蒸餾瓶放入105℃±2℃烘箱內(nèi)進(jìn)行烘干，烘至恒重。
