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This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 16423-2006 Safety regulations for metal and nonmetal mines.
The following main changes have been made with respect to GB 16423-2006:
——The non-mandatory clauses in the 2006 edition have been deleted, making all clauses in the revised version mandatory;
——Terms such as "bull" and their definitions have been revised; terms such as "safe exit" and their definitions have been added;
——Appropriate adjustments have been made to the order of clauses in the revised version in comparing with the 2006 edition;
——Some sub-clauses have been revised;
——The clause of "Occupational hazard prevention and control" has been canceled;
——The clauses of "Special mining" and "Emergency rescue" have been added;
——Several normative reference standards of the 2006 edition have been deleted in the new version, leaving GB 6722 and GB 18871 only.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China.
The previous editions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows:
——GB 16423-1996, GB 16423-2006;
——GB/T 16424-1996.
Safety regulations for metal and nonmetal mines
1 Scope
This standard specifies the safety requirements for the design, construction, mining and closing of metal and nonmetal mines.
This standard is applicable to the whole process of design, construction, mining and closing of metal and nonmetal mines.
This standard is not applicable to:
——Mining of metal and nonmetal mines accompanied with coal;
——Mining of river sand and sea sand;
——Exploitation of liquid or gaseous minerals such as oil, natural gas, shale gas, and mineral water.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB 6722 Safety regulations for blasting
GB 18871 Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
metal anal nonmetal opencast mines
stopes and their ancillary facilities that extract metallic or non-metallic minerals by stripping off surrounding rock, topsoil or gravel on the surface
Note: "Metal anal nonmetal opencast mines" are referred to as "opencast mines" in this standard.
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3.2
metal anal nonmetal underground mines
stope and its ancillary facilities taking adit, inclined shaft, slope ramp, shaft, etc. as entrance/exit, which are deeply below the surface and used for the exploitation of metal or nonmetal minerals
Note: "Metal anal nonmetal underground mines" are referred to as "underground mines" in this standard.
3.3
mines of metal and nonmetal accompanied with coal
metal and nonmetal mines where coal-accompanied minerals are exploited
3.4
safe exit
the exit through which downhole personnel safely leave the downhole site
3.5
main safe exit
safe exits used by downhole personnel in their daily work in mines
3.6
emergency exit
safe exits that are not frequently used by downhole personnel in mines
3.7
hydromine
a mining process that sprays a high-pressure water stream against the ore and surrounding rock to recover minerals
3.8
dredging
a mining process that utilizes excavator vessels to pump mineral-bearing slurry to recover useful minerals
3.9
shaping stone mine
a special mining process for mining stones such as marble
3.10
recovering on saline
the mining process of extracting salt and other useful minerals from saline in salt lakes
3.11
solution mining
a mining process in which fresh water is injected downhole to dissolve minerals into solution which is pumped out of the surface for mineral recovery
3.12
in situ leaching
a mining process in which the leaching agent is pressed into the underground ore layer from the surface, and the useful minerals are converted into liquid and then extracted to the surface
3.13
dump
places where humus topsoil and rocks generated during mine construction and mining production are piled up in a centralized manner
3.14
primary crushing
the crushing work to make the size of ore or rock meet the requirements of hoisting transportation or subsequent processing
3.15
bull
a device installed on the hoisting line to prevent the mine cart from slipping back in the inclined shaft
3.16
rockburst
the sudden burst or ejection of rock pieces due to the abrupt and violent release of elastic potential energy accumulated in the rock mass
3.17
ratio of effective air quantity
the ratio of the total effective air volume actually obtained by each working face to the total air intake volume of the mine
3.18
safety factor of steel wire rope with static load
the ratio of the sum of the breaking tensions of all steel wire ropes to their maximum static load
3.19
safety factor of braking rope
the ratio of the minimum breaking force of the braking rope to the braking load
3.20
static anti-slip safety factor of steel wire rope
the ratio of the static tension difference of the wire rope when the wire rope on the hoisting device slips to the maximum static tension difference of the wire rope under the design condition, calculated by using Euler's formula
3.21
dynamic anti-slip safety factor of steel wire rope
the ratio of the wire rope tension difference when the wire rope on the hoisting device slips during the acceleration or deceleration operation of the hoisting system to the maximum dynamic tension difference of the wire rope under the design condition, calculated by using Euler's formula
3.22
safety factor of fibre belts
the ratio of the product of the tensile strength per unit width of each layer of fabric, the number of fabric layers, and the width of the fibre conveyor belt to the maximum static tensile force that the conveyor belt bears
3.23
safety factor of steel cord belts
the ratio of the product of the tensile strength per unit width of the conveyor belt and the width of the steel cord conveyor belt to the maximum static tensile force that the conveyor belt bears
3.24
safety factor of belts with dynamic load
the ratio of the nominal breaking force of the conveyor belt to the calculated maximum dynamic load
3.25
steep belt conveyor
belt conveyors with an upward inclination angle exceeding 15° or a downward inclination angle exceeding 12°
3.26
maximum engineering drainage water
the maximum amount of water that needs to be drained per unit time after technical measures such as setting waterproof doors are taken in the design of the mine
4 General
4.1 Basic requirements
4.1.1 Mining enterprises shall abide by national laws, regulations, rules and standards on production safety.
4.1.2 Mining enterprises shall establish and improve their production safety responsibility system by formulating production safety rules and regulations, safety education and training systems and safety operation procedures for each post. The responsibilities and assessment standards of each post shall be clearly defined.
4.1.3 Mining enterprises shall strictly implement production safety responsibility system and production safety rules and regulations.
4.1.4 Mining enterprises shall strictly implement the safety inspection system.
4.1.5 Mining enterprises shall strictly implement the safety education and training system.
4.1.6 Mining enterprises shall employ full-time production safety management personnel; if there are more than 100 employees, a team dedicated to production safety management shall be set up.
4.1.7 The equipment, devices, protective equipment and safety testing instruments and meters used by mining enterprises shall meet relevant national requirements.
4.1.8 Mining enterprises shall ensure that the operating personnel are provided with labor protective equipment meeting national standards. Personnel entering the mine operation site shall wear protective equipment as required.
4.1.9 The following drawings shall be kept for opencast mines and updated in time according to actual changes:
——Topographic and geological maps;
——Year-end drawing of the mining and stripping project;
——Plan and section drawings of stope slope engineering;
——The final state map of the stope;
——Year-end drawing of the dump;
——Plan and section drawings of the dump;
——Power distribution system diagram;
——Comparison plan of the downhole goaf and the opencast mine;
——Drainage system diagram.
4.1.10 The following drawings shall be kept for underground mines and updated in time according to actual changes:
——The topographic and geological map and hydrogeological map of the mining area (including plan and section maps);
——Development system diagram;
——Plan of the middle section;
——Drawing of ventilation system;
——Uphole and downhole comparison drawing;
——Drawing of air compression, water supply and drainage system;
——Drawing of communication system;
——Power distribution system diagram;
——The downhole route map for disaster avoidance;
——The spatial position relationship drawing for the mine and adjacent mining areas or mines.
The followings shall be correctly labeled in the abovementioned drawings and diagrams:
——The location, name and specification of the excavated drift and the drift planned to be excavated;
——The location, name and size of goafs and filled goafs, abandoned shafts and drifts and stopes planned for mining;
——The location of ventilation, dustproof, fireproof, waterproof and drainage equipment and facilities;
——The direction of wind flow, as well as the route and safe exit for the evacuation of personnel;
——The location of the downhole communication equipment;
——The treatment method, progress, current situation and of surface subsidence location of goaf and abandoned shafts and drifts.
4.2 Main responsible persons of mining enterprises
4.2.1 Main responsible persons of mining enterprises are responsible for the safe production of the mine.
4.2.2 Main responsible persons of mining enterprises shall be equipped with professional knowledge of mine production safety, as well as the ability to lead safe production and deal with mine accidents.
4.2.3 Main responsible persons of mining enterprises shall receive safety training and assessment according to law, and obtain a qualification certificate.
4.3 Full-time production safety management personnel
4.3.1 Full-time production safety management personnel shall be engaged in mining work for more than 5 years, equipped with corresponding professional knowledge and work experience in mine production safety, and be familiar with the mine production system. Full-time production safety management personnel shall receive training in accordance with the law and obtain a qualification certificate.
4.3.2 Full-time production safety management personnel shall, according to their job responsibilities, organize or participate in the formulation of the mine's production safety rules and regulations, safety operation procedures for each post and emergency rescue plans for accidents.
4.3.3 Full-time production safety management personnel shall, according to their job responsibilities, organize or participate in the formulation of safety education and training systems and train mine employees as well as visiting outsiders on safety regulations of the mine.
4.3.4 Full-time production safety management personnel shall, according to their job responsibilities, organize emergency rescue drills in the mine.
4.3.5 Full-time production safety management personnel shall, according to their job responsibilities and the production safety inspection system requirements, inspect the production safety status; promptly investigate potential risks of production safety accidents, and put forward suggestions for improving production safety management; for violation of operating procedures such as risky operation and instructions, production safety management personnel shall urge the implementation of the enterprise's production safety rectification measures. The inspection, handling, improvement measures and rectification shall be recorded by the inspectors, and shall be archived after being signed and confirmed by the responsible personnel at all levels.
4.4 Production safety management organization
4.4.1 The production safety management organization shall be equipped with sufficient full-time safety management personnel.
4.4.2 The production safety management organization is responsible for the daily management of production safety in the mine. Specifically, it shall initiate or participate in the formulation of safety rules and regulations, operation procedures of positions, and emergency response plans for accidents, hold production safety education and training and arrange emergency rescue drills in the mine.
4.5 Safety education and training
4.5.1 Mining enterprises shall conduct production safety education and training for mine employees to ensure that personnel in all positions have the necessary production safety knowledge and are familiar with the general safety regulations of the mine, the specific operation rules of the position and the safe operation skills of the position. Those who have not accepted production safety education and received a qualification will not be allowed to work.
4.5.2 The new workers of opencast mines shall receive no less than 72 h of safety training and must pass relevant examinations before taking up their posts.
4.5.3 The new workers of underground mines shall receive no less than 72 h of safety training; after passing the examination, they shall work for at least 4 months under the guidance of senior workers with over 2 years of underground mine operation experience, get familiar with the operation of the position and become qualified before they can work independently.
4.5.4 The workers previously engaged in other types of work shall receive the safety operation training for the new position, and only after passing the examination can they engage in the new type of work.
4.5.5 All production operators shall receive at least 20 h of occupational safety retraining every year and shall pass the examination.
4.5.6 In case of adopting new process, new technology, new equipment and/or new materials, the relevant personnel shall be specially trained and tested.
4.5.7 Anyone who enters the mine area to visit, inspect, practice, study, etc., shall receive safety education, and shall be led into the workplace by practitioners who are familiar with the mine production safety system.
4.5.8 The safety training and assessment results of mine employees shall be recorded and archived.
4.6 Mine construction
4.6.1 The office area, living area, industrial site, buildings, etc. of mining enterprises shall not be located at cliffs, subsidence areas, caving areas or areas affected by hazardous dust, foul wind, flood, mudflow or blasting threat.
4.6.2 Gas stations of mining enterprises shall be set up in safe places.
4.6.3 For new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects of mining enterprises, safety facilities shall be designed in accordance with national requirements. Safety facilities shall be designed, constructed, and applied to production synchronously with the main project.
4.6.4 The safety facilities of new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects of mining enterprises shall be designed, constructed and checked in accordance with relevant national regulations.
4.6.5 The safety facilities of the mine construction project shall be checked before the project is accepted and officially put into operation.
4.7 Production safety management
4.7.1 No one shall enter the mine operation site after drinking, and shall not bring alcoholic beverages into the mine operation site except for the purpose of emergency medical treatment.
4.7.2 Smoking is prohibited in downhole mines.
4.7.3 Eye-catching safety warning signs shall be set up at the key positions of mining enterprises, around important equipment and facilities, and in dangerous areas, and they shall be kept in good condition during service.
4.7.4 The mining enterprise shall conduct regular inspection and maintenance of safety facilities and archive the records of results; the records shall be signed and confirmed by relevant personnel; the safety facilities in service shall not be dismantled or destroyed.
4.7.5 The equipment used in mines involving personal safety shall be produced by professional manufacturers, and shall be tested and qualified by professionally qualified testing and inspection institutions before they can be put into use; during mine production, the personal safety equipment shall be regularly inspected by qualified institutions that issues inspection and testing reports.
4.7.6 Before adopting new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials related to safe production in mines, reliable safety measures shall be formulated and relevant documents shall be archived.
4.7.7 Mining equipment shall not be refueled in locations with open flames or other safety hazards.
4.7.8 Underground mining enterprises shall establish and improve the registration and inspection system for personnel entering and leaving the mine. Personnel working downhloe shall carry lighting fixtures and self-rescuers meeting the safety requirements.
4.7.9 When a production safety accident occurs in a mining enterprise, the main responsible person of the mining enterprise shall immediately organize rescue and take effective measures to reduce losses.
4.7.10 After a production safety accident, the enterprise shall report the accident situation in a timely and truthful manner in accordance with relevant national regulations; the enterprise shall also analyze the cause of the accident, review experience and lessons, and propose measures to prevent similar accidents.
4.7.11 In the event of a particularly serious production safety accident, or when the underground mine has been suspended for more than 6 months, a comprehensive safety inspection shall be carried out, and reliable safety measures shall be formulated and adopted before production is resumed. Production can be resumed only after the relevant safety conditions are met.
4.8 Mine closing
4.8.1 The closing of an opencast mine shall have no adverse effect on the safety of the surrounding; fences and warning signs shall be set up at the entrance of the open mine pit and in areas prone to danger around the open mine pit to prevent people from entering by accident.
4.8.2 When closing underground mine, the entrance to the underground mine shall be closed, and fences and warning signs shall be set up along the demarcated caving area to prevent people from falling.
5 Opencast mines
5.1 Basic requirements
5.1.1 Dedicated flood control and flood drainage facilities shall be set up in opencast mines that are at risk of flooding.
5.1.2 Effective safety technical measures shall be taken when opencast mining is carried out within the area affected by underground mining.
5.1.3 When turning from underground mining to opencast mining, the positions of all underground works and ore pillars shall be determined and drawn on the comparison plan and sectional drawings of the mine; hazardous underground construction structures and goaf areas shall be handled before opencast mining is conducted, and for situations that cannot be handled before mining operation, relevant safety measures shall be taken during the mining process.
5.1.4 When opencast mining and underground mining are carried out at the same time, the mutual influence between these two mining operations shall be analyzed and effective safety measures shall be taken. Blasting in opencast and downhole mines at the same time shall be avoided if it affects safety.
5.1.5 No manned structures shall be set up in the following areas:
——Areas threatened by open blasting;
——Hazardous areas where blasting equipment is stored;
——Mine flood control area;
——Areas affected by geological disasters such as rock mass deformation, collapse, landslide, and debris flow.
5.1.6 The stripping and dumping operations shall not cause water hazard or other threats to deep mining and adjacent mines.
5.1.7 The ore pillars, rock pillars, and hanging ore bodies reserved by the design regulations shall not be mined or destroyed within the specified time limit, unless proved feasible by technical evaluation.
5.1.8 Fences and warning signs shall be set up at the entrance of the open mine pit and the dangerous areas around the pit to prevent unrelated persons from entering.
5.1.9 The power supply cables of mining equipment shall be well insulated and shall not be in contact with metal materials and other conductive materials, and protective measures shall be taken when the cables cross roads and railways.
5.1.10 When the surface mining equipment passes under the overhead power line, the distance between the most protruding part of the equipment and the overhead line shall meet the following requirements:
——Not less than 1.5 m for power line below 3 kV;
——Not less than 2.0 m for power line from 3 kV～10 kV;
——Not less than 3.0 m for power line above 10 kV.
5.1.11 Dry perforation equipment without dust traps shall not be used.
5.1.12 Open-air blasting shall comply with the provisions of GB 6722.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General
4.3 Full-time production safety management personnel
4.4 Production safety management organization
4.5 Safety education and training
4.6 Mine construction
4.7 Production safety management
4.8 Mine closing
5 Opencast mines
5.1 Basic requirements
5.2 Opencast mining
5.3 Primary crushing
5.4 Ore and rock transportation
5.5 Dumping
5.6 Electrical facilities
5.7 Waterproof and drainage and fire prevention and extinguishing
6 Underground mines
6.1 Basic requirements
6.2 Mine shafts and drifts
6.3 Underground mining
6.4 Hoisting transportation
6.5 Primary crushing
6.6 Downhole environment
6.7 Electrical Facilities
7 Special mining
7.1 Hydromine
7.2 Dredging
7.3 Facing stone mining
7.4 Recovering on saline
7.5 Solution mining
7.6 Well salt mining
7.7 Underground in-situ leaching
8 Emergency rescue
