標準編號:	GB 34330-2017
中文名稱:	固體廢物鑒別標準 通則
英文名稱:	Identification standards for solid wastes General rules
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
發布機構:	環境保護部，國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局
發布日期:	2017-08-31
實施日期:	0201-10-1
標準狀態:	valid
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	8000 字
翻譯價格(元):	240.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is formulated with a view to implementing "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and "Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention of Environmental Pollution Caused by Solid Waste", strengthening management on solid wastes, protecting environment, and ensuring human health. This standard was formulated under the organization of the Department of Soil Environment Management and the Department of Science, Technology and Standards of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on May 27, 2017. This standard shall be implemented from October 1, 2017. The Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China is responsible for the explanation of this standard. Identification Standards for Solid Wastes General Rules 1 Application Scope This standard specifies the identification criterion for solid wastes according to the generation origin, the identification criterion of solid wastes during use and disposal, the substances not managed as solid wastes, those not managed as liquid wastes as well as supervision and management requirements. This standard is applicable to the identification for solid wastes of substances (or materials) and articles ((including products and goods) (hereinafter referred to as substances). For the purposes of this standard, the identification of liquid wastes applies. This standard is not applicable to the identification of radioactive wastes. This standard is not applicable to the classification of solid wastes. This standard does not apply to the identification for the solid wastes of substances with special solid waste identification standard. 2 Normative References The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. GB 18599 Standard for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Wastes 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 solid wastes the solid, semi-solid or incased gaseous articles or substances generated in production, domestic or other activities which have lost their original utilization value or are abandoned though still having utilization value as well as the articles and substances incorporated into solid waste management as specified by relevant laws and administrative regulations 3.2 solid waste identification the activity that judging whether the substances are solid wastes 3.3 recycle the activity of taking substances from solid wastes to be raw materials or fuel 3.4 treatment the activity of transforming solid wastes into those suitable for transportation, storage, use and disposal through physical, chemical or biological method, etc. 3.5 disposal the activity that solid wastes are incinerated by physical, chemical and biological methods as well as those by which the solid wastes are changed so as to minimize the quantity and volume of the produced solid wastes as well as minimize or eliminate the hazardous components, or the activity that the solid wastes are finally disposed at the landfill site in accordance with requirements of environmental protection 3.6 target products the intended one or several kinds of products during process design, construction and operation process, including by-products 3.7 by-products the substances generated along with target products during production 4 Solid Waste Identification Base on Generation Origin The following substances are solid wastes (except the substances in Chapter 6). 4.1 Substances losing their original use value, including the following types: a) The substances which cannot be sold in the market, circulated or used as intended as they fail to meet national or local standards or universal industrial product standards (specifications) , or due to the quality, such as rejected products, defective products and wastes. However, the medium quality substances meeting national or local standards or universal industrial product standards as well as the substances reworked (repaired) in the production enterprise are excluded; b) The substances which cannot be sold in the market, circulated or used as intended as the warranty period is exceeded; c) The substances which cannot be sold in the market, circulated or used as intended as their quality fails meet the use requirements because of pollution, mixing or harmful substances; d) The substances which are generated during consumption or use and can no longer be used as intended due to expiration of service life; e) The substances which are confiscated by law enforcement agency and shall be subjected to harmless treatment such as discarding and destruction, including (but not limited to) counterfeit and shoddy products, products infringing intellectual property and prohibited goods such as drugs; f) The substances produced for the purpose of disposal of wastes, not demanded in the market or cannot be sold and circulated in the market; g) The substances which can no longer be used as intended due to damage because of natural disaster, force majeure and artificial disasters; h) The substances which can no longer be used due to loss of the original function; i) The substances which cannot be sold in the market, circulated or used as intended due to other reasons. 4.2 By-products generated during production, including the following types: a) Leftovers, etc. generated during processing and manufacturing of products; b) The residues generated during extraction, refinement, electrolysis, electrodeposition, purification, modification, surface treatment and other treatment process of substances, including (but not limited to) the following substances: 1) Blast furnace slag, steel slag, mill scale, ferroalloy slag and manganese slag generated during metallurgy or manufacturing of ferrous metal; 2) Pyrogenic process smelting slag generated during non-ferrous metal metallurgy or processing, such as copper slag, lead slag, tin slag, aluminum slag, as well as hydrometallurgy slag such as red mud, electrolytic anode mud, electrolytic aluminum anode carbon block scrap, Winning cell slag, acid (alkali) leach residues and purification slag; 3) Plating bath slag and polishing dust generated during metal surface treatment. c) The residues generated during synthesis, dissociation, fractionation, distillation, dissolution, sediment and other process of substances, including (but not limited to) the following substances: 1) Acid pickle, waste alkali, argil slag and oil shale waste generated during petroleum refining; 2) Acid sludge, waste mother liquor, distillating still bottom residues and carbide slag generated during organic chemical production; 3) Phosphogypsum, ammonia alkaline residue, chromium slag, pyrite dross and brine sludge generated during inorganic chemical production. d) Waste rock, tailings and coal gangue, etc. generated during metallic mine, nonmetallic mine and coal mining and beneficiation; e) Drilling mud, wasted breakdown fluid, oil sludge or oil sludge sand, oil foot and oilfield spilling, etc. generated during petroleum, natural gas and heat exploitation; f) Residues such a coalfired furnace slag generated by fuel combustion in heat energy or combustion facilities such as fossil plant, other industrial and civil boilers, industrial kiln; g) Residues and damaged substances cleaned out from furnace, reactor, reaction tank, pipeline, container and other facilities / equipment during maintenance and overhaul of such facilities / equipment; h) The reclaimed dust and powder which cannot be directly used as products, raw materials or site returns during processing and treatment process of substances such as crushing, smashing, screening, milling, cutting and packing; i) Construction wastes generated during construction and operation, such as discarded materials and residues; j) Animal wastes and sick animal carcasses, etc. generated during livestock, poultry and aquatic farming; k) Agricultural wastes generated during agricultural production, such as crop straw, plant branches and leaves; l) Laboratory wastes generated during educational, scientific research, production and medical experiment, such as animal carcass; m) By-products generated during other production processes. 4.3 Substances generated during environment management and pollution control, including the following types: a) The smoke dust and dust collected during flue gas and waste gas purification as well as dust removal, including fly ash; b) Desulphurization gypsum generated by flue gas desulphurization and wasted denitration catalyst generated by flue gas denitration; c) Coal tar generated by gas purification; d) Sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid by-products generated during flue gas cleaning; e) Sludge and other wastes generated by water purification and wastewater treatment; f) Concentrated solution generated by treatment for wastewater or liquid waste (including leachate generated by solid waste landfill); g) Sludge in septic tanks and excrement in toilets; h) Fly ash and bottom ash, etc. generated by solid waste incinerator; i) Residues generated during production of compost; j) Plant branches and leaves generated during cleaning in greening and garden management; k) Floatage and dredge muck removed from water bodies such as watercourse, ditch, lake, channel and bathhouse; l) Filtering medium generated during purification of flue gas, odor and wastewater, such as waste activated carbon and filter membrane; m) Polluted soil disposed or recycled in any of the following ways during remediation or treatment process of the polluted land parcel: 1) Landfilling; 2) Incinerating; 3) Cooperative disposal by cement kiln; 4) Producing other building materials such as brick, tile and road materials. n) Various substances generated during other environment management and pollution remediation process. 4.4 Others: a) Substances prohibited by law; b) Substances authenticated as solid waste by environmental protection administration department of the State Council.

Foreword i 1 Application Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Solid Waste Identification Base on Generation Origin 5 Identification of Solid Wastes during Recycle and Disposal 6 Substances not Managed as Solid Wastes 7 Substance not Managed as Liquid Wastes 8 Implementation and Supervision

ICS 13.030 Z 70 中華人民共和國國家標準 GB 34330—2017 固體廢物鑒別標準 通則 Identification standards for solid wastes General rules （發布稿） 2017-08-31發布 2017-10-01實施 環境保護部 國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局 發布 前言 為貫徹《中華人民共和國環境保護法》《中華人民共和國固體廢物污染環境防治法》，加強對固體廢物的管理，保護環境，保障人體健康，制定本標準。 本標準由環境保護部土壤環境管理司、科技標準司組織制訂。 本標準起草單位：中國環境科學研究院。 本標準由環境保護部2017年5月27日批準。 本標準自2017年10月1日起實施。 本標準由環境保護部解釋。 固體廢物鑒別標準通則 1 適用范圍 本標準規定了依據產生來源的固體廢物鑒別準則、在利用和處置過程中的固體廢物鑒別準則、不作為固體廢物管理的物質、不作為液態廢物管理的物質以及監督管理要求。 本標準適用于物質（或材料）和物品（包括產品、商品）（以下簡稱物質）的固體廢物鑒別。 液態廢物的鑒別，適用于本標準。 本標準不適用于放射性廢物的鑒別。 本標準不適用于固體廢物的分類。 對于有專用固體廢物鑒別標準的物質的固體廢物鑒別，不適用于本標準。 2 規范性引用文件 本標準內容引用了下列文件中的條款。凡是不注明日期的引用文件，其最新版本適用于本標準。 GB 18599 一般工業固體廢物貯存、處置場污染控制標準 3 術語和定義 下列術語和定義適用于本標準。 3.1 固體廢物solid wastes 是指在生產、生活和其他活動中產生的喪失原有利用價值或者雖未喪失利用價值但被拋棄或者放棄的固態、半固態和置于容器中的氣態的物品、物質以及法律、行政法規規定納入固體廢物管理的物品、物質。 3.2 固體廢物鑒別solid waste identification 是指判斷物質是否屬于固體廢物的活動。 3.3 利用recycle 是指從固體廢物中提取物質作為原材料或者燃料的活動。 3.4 處理treatment 是指通過物理、化學、生物等方法，使固體廢物轉化為適合于運輸、貯存、利用和處置的活動。 3.5 處置disposal 是指將固體廢物焚燒和用其他改變固體廢物的物理、化學、生物特性的方法，達到減少已產生的固體廢物數量、縮小固體廢物體積、減少或者消除其危險成份的活動，或者將固體廢物最終置于符合環境保護規定要求的填埋場的活動。 3.6 目標產物target products 是指在工藝設計、建設和運行過程中，希望獲得的一種或多種產品，包括副產品。 3.7 副產物by-products 是指在生產過程中伴隨目標產物產生的物質。 4 依據產生來源的固體廢物鑒別 下列物質屬于固體廢物（章節6 包括的物質除外）。 4.1 喪失原有使用價值的物質，包括以下種類： a）在生產過程中產生的因為不符合國家、地方制定或行業通行的產品標準（規范），或者因為質量原因，而不能在市場出售、流通或者不能按照原用途使用的物質，如不合格品、殘次品、廢品等。但符合國家、地方制定或行業通行的產品標準中等外品級的物質以及在生產企業內進行返工（返修）的物質除外； b）因為超過質量保證期，而不能在市場出售、流通或者不能按照原用途使用的物質； c）因為沾染、摻入、混雜無用或有害物質使其質量無法滿足使用要求，而不能在市場出售、流通或者不能按照原用途使用的物質； d）在消費或使用過程中產生的，因為使用壽命到期而不能繼續按照原用途使用的物質； e）執法機關查處沒收的需報廢、銷毀等無害化處理的物質，包括（但不限于）假冒偽劣產品、侵犯知識產權產品、毒品等禁用品； f）以處置廢物為目的生產的，不存在市場需求或不能在市場上出售、流通的物質； g）因為自然災害、不可抗力因素和人為災難因素造成損壞而無法繼續按照原用途使用的物質； h）因喪失原有功能而無法繼續使用的物質； i）由于其他原因而不能在市場出售、流通或者不能按照原用途使用的物質。 4.2 生產過程中產生的副產物，包括以下種類： a）產品加工和制造過程中產生的下腳料、邊角料、殘余物質等； b）在物質提取、提純、電解、電積、凈化、改性、表面處理以及其他處理過程中產生的殘余物質，包括（但不限于）以下物質： 1）在黑色金屬冶煉或加工過程中產生的高爐渣、鋼渣、軋鋼氧化皮、鐵合金渣、錳渣； 2）在有色金屬冶煉或加工過程中產生的銅渣、鉛渣、錫渣、鋅渣、鋁灰（渣）等火法冶煉渣，以及赤泥、電解陽極泥、電解鋁陽極炭塊殘極、電積槽渣、酸（堿）浸出渣、凈化渣等濕法冶煉渣； 3）在金屬表面處理過程中產生的電鍍槽渣、打磨粉塵。 c）在物質合成、裂解、分餾、蒸餾、溶解、沉淀以及其他過程中產生的殘余物質，包括（但不限于）以下物質： 1）在石油煉制過程中產生的廢酸液、廢堿液、白土渣、油頁巖渣； 2）在有機化工生產過程中產生的酸渣、廢母液、蒸餾釜底殘渣、電石渣； 3）在無機化工生產過程中產生的磷石膏、氨堿白泥、鉻渣、硫鐵礦渣、鹽泥。 d）金屬礦、非金屬礦和煤炭開采、選礦過程中產生的廢石、尾礦、煤矸石等； e）石油、天然氣、地熱開采過程中產生的鉆井泥漿、廢壓裂液、油泥或油泥砂、油腳和油田濺溢物等； f）火力發電廠鍋爐、其他工業和民用鍋爐、工業窯爐等熱能或燃燒設施中，燃料燃燒產生的燃煤爐渣等殘余物質； g）在設施設備維護和檢修過程中，從爐窯、反應釜、反應槽、管道、容器以及其他設施設備中清理出的殘余物質和損毀物質； h）在物質破碎、粉碎、篩分、碾磨、切割、包裝等加工處理過程中產生的不能直接作為產品或原材料或作為現場返料的回收粉塵、粉末； i）在建筑、工程等施工和作業過程中產生的報廢料、殘余物質等建筑廢物； j）畜禽和水產養殖過程中產生的動物糞便、病害動物尸體等； k）農業生產過程中產生的作物秸稈、植物枝葉等農業廢物； l）教學、科研、生產、醫療等實驗過程中，產生的動物尸體等實驗室廢棄物質； m）其他生產過程中產生的副產物。 4.3 環境治理和污染控制過程中產生的物質，包括以下種類： a）煙氣和廢氣凈化、除塵處理過程中收集的煙塵、粉塵，包括粉煤灰； b）煙氣脫硫產生的脫硫石膏和煙氣脫硝產生的廢脫硝催化劑； c）煤氣凈化產生的煤焦油； d）煙氣凈化過程中產生的副產硫酸或鹽酸； e）水凈化和廢水處理產生的污泥及其他廢棄物質； f）廢水或廢液（包括固體廢物填埋場產生的滲濾液）處理產生的濃縮液； g）化糞池污泥、廁所糞便； h）固體廢物焚燒爐產生的飛灰、底渣等灰渣； i）堆肥生產過程中產生的殘余物質； j）綠化和園林管理中清理產生的植物枝葉； k）河道、溝渠、湖泊、航道、浴場等水體環境中清理出的漂浮物和疏浚污泥； l）煙氣、臭氣和廢水凈化過程中產生的廢活性炭、過濾器濾膜等過濾介質； m）在污染地塊修復、處理過程中，采用下列任何一種方式處置或利用的污染土壤： 1）填埋； 2）焚燒； 3）水泥窯協同處置； 4）生產磚、瓦、筑路材料等其他建筑材料。 n）在其他環境治理和污染修復過程中產生的各類物質。 4.4 其他： a）法律禁止使用的物質； b）國務院環境保護行政主管部門認定為固體廢物的物質。 5 利用和處置過程中的固體廢物鑒別 5.1 在任何條件下，固體廢物按照以下任何一種方式利用或處置時，仍然作為固體廢物管理（但包含在6.2條中的除外）： a）以土壤改良、地塊改造、地塊修復和其他土地利用方式直接施用于土地或生產施用于土地的物質（包括堆肥），以及生產筑路材料； b）焚燒處置（包括獲取熱能的焚燒和垃圾衍生燃料的焚燒），或用于生產燃料，或包含于燃料中； c）填埋處置； d）傾倒、堆置； e）國務院環境保護行政主管部門認定的其他處置方式。 5.2 利用固體廢物生產的產物同時滿足下述條件的，不作為固體廢物管理，按照相應的產品管理（按照5.1條進行利用或處置的除外）： a）符合國家、地方制定或行業通行的被替代原料生產的產品質量標準； b）符合相關國家污染物排放（控制）標準或技術規范要求，包括該產物生產過程中排放到環境中的有害物質限值和該產物中有害物質的含量限值； 當沒有國家污染控制標準或技術規范時，該產物中所含有害成分含量不高于利用被替代原料生產的產品中的有害成分含量，并且在該產物生產過程中，排放到環境中的有害物質濃度不高于利用所替代原料生產產品過程中排放到環境中的有害物質濃度，當沒有被替代原料時，不考慮該條件； c）有穩定、合理的市場需求。 6 不作為固體廢物管理的物質 6.1 以下物質不作為固體廢物管理： a）任何不需要修復和加工即可用于其原始用途的物質，或者在產生點經過修復和加工后滿足國家、地方制定或行業通行的產品質量標準并且用于其原始用途的物質； b）不經過貯存或堆積過程，而在現場直接返回到原生產過程或返回其產生過程的物質； c）修復后作為土壤用途使用的污染土壤； d）供實驗室化驗分析用或科學研究用固體廢物樣品。 6.2 按照以下方式進行處置后的物質，不作為固體廢物管理： a）金屬礦、非金屬礦和煤炭采選過程中直接留在或返回到采空區的符合GB 18599中第I類一般工業固體廢物要求的采礦廢石、尾礦和煤矸石。但是帶入除采礦廢石、尾礦和煤矸石以外的其他污染物質的除外； b）工程施工中產生的按照法規要求或國家標準要求就地處置的物質。 6.3 國務院環境保護行政主管部門認定不作為固體廢物管理的物質。 7 不作為液態廢物管理的物質 7.1 滿足相關法規和排放標準要求可排入環境水體或者市政污水管網和處理設施的廢水、污水。 7.2 經過物理處理、化學處理、物理化學處理和生物處理等廢水處理工藝處理后，可以滿足向環境水體或市政污水管網和處理設施排放的相關法規和排放標準要求的廢水、污水。 7.3 廢酸、廢堿中和處理后產生的滿足7.1或7.2條要求的廢水。 8 實施與監督 本標準由縣級以上環境保護行政主管部門負責監督實施。