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This standard is prepared with a view to implementing Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, and preventing and controlling the environmental pollution caused by emission of particulate matters from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine.
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine. This standard is applicable to the inspection for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine and onboard diesel engine equipment. The inspection on exhaust smoke from newly-produced and imported non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine may be carried out by reference to this standard.
This standard refers to the relevant technical contents of European Commission Directive 77/537/EEC Regulations on the measurement of pollutant emissions from diesel engines for agricultural or forest wheeled tractor and GB 3847 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E (compression ignition engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
Annexes A and B of this standard are normative.
This standard was issued for the first time.
This standard was formulated under the organization of the Atmospheric Environment Division and Regulations and Standards Division of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on September 27, 2018.
This standard shall be implemented from December 1, 2018.
The relevant provincial standards shall be abolished since the implementation date of this standard.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is responsible for the explanation of this standard.
Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine
1 Application scope
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine and onboard diesel engine equipment.
This standard is applicable to the inspection for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine and onboard diesel engine equipment. The inspection on exhaust smoke from newly-produced and imported non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine may be carried out by reference to this standard.
This standard is applicable to the following (including but not limited to) non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine which are operated at non-constant speed:
——engineering machinery (including loader, excavator, bulldozer, road roller, asphalt paver, fork lift and off-highway truck);
——agricultural machinery;
——forestry machinery;
——material handling machinery;
——industrial drilling equipment;
——snow plow equipment;
——airport ground servicing equipment.
This standard is applicable to the following (including but not limited to) non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine which are operated at constant speed:
——air compressor;
——generator set;
——fishery machinery;
——water pump.
2 Normative references
This standard refers to the following documents or provisions therein. For undated references, the effective versions are applicable to this standard.
GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E. (Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
GB 20891-2007 Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants from Diesel Engines of Non-road Mobile Machinery (China I, II)
GB 20891-2014 Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants from Diesel Engines of Non-road Mobile Machinery (China III, IV)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine
for types of non-road machinery as mentioned in the “application scope”, i.e.:
——self-driven machinery or machinery with double functions: which is capable of self-driving and other functional operations;
——machinery that cannot be self-driven but designed to be able to move from one place to another.
3.2
onboard diesel engine equipment
onboard diesel-driven specific equipment that is equipped on vehicles for carrying people (goods) on the road and does not provide driving force for the vehicles.
3.3
rated net power (Pmax)
net power of the diesel engine indicated by the manufacturing enterprise during information disclosure according to the requirements of GB 20891-2014.
3.4
coefficient of light adsorption
the coefficient by which the light beam is attenuated by the smoke per unit length, in m-1.
3.5
smoke opacimeter
an instrument which is used for the continuous measurement of the coefficient of light adsorption of diesel engine exhaust gas according to the requirements of GB3847.
3.6
Ringelmann smoke
exhaust smoke of non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine expressed in Ringermann number defined in Annex B.
3.7
Ringelmann smokemeter
Ringermann smoke measuring instrument that meets the principle of Ringermann smoke method as specified in Annex B.
4 Limits for exhaust smoke
4.1 The inspection on exhaust smoke is carried out according to Clause 5, and the opaque smoke (coefficient of light adsorption) and Ringermann number of exhaust from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Limits for exhaust smoke
Category Rated net power (Pmax)(kW) Coefficient of light adsorption (m-1) Ringelmann number
Category I Pmax<19 3.00 1
19≤Pmax<37 2.00
37≤Pmax≤560 1.61
Category II Pmax<19 2.00 1
19≤Pmax<37 1.00 1 (no visible plume)
Pmax≥37 0.80
Category III Pmax≥37 0.50 1 (no visible plume)
Pmax<37 0.80
4.1.1 For non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine according to the second or prior stage emission standards of GB 20891-2007, Category I limits in Table 1 are implemented.
4.1.2 For non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine according to the third and subsequent stage emission standards of GB 20891-2014, Category II limits in Table 1 are implemented.
4.1.3 The municipal people's governments may delineate and publish areas that prohibit the use of high-emission non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine according to the quality of the atmospheric environment. Category III limits for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine in Table 1 may be selected within the limited area.
4.2 The limits for exhaust smoke opacity (coefficient of light adsorption) of non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine used in areas above 1700m above sea level shall be increased by 0.25m-1 on the basis of Table 1.
5 Inspection methods
5.1 Smoke inspection conditions
5.1.1 Before the smoke inspection, the diesel engine of the machinery under inspection shall be fully preheated. During the continuous testing of the machinery, the engine shall be ensured to be in normal operating state.
5.1.2 The exhaust smoke from non-road diesel mobile machinery is inspected with the free loading method described below:
The on-site inspection personnel can determine the loading method according to the actual operating state of the machinery under inspection, and measure the exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine during the continuous normal operation process (for example, the whole process of the loader from shoveling to loading completion) of the machinery.
5.1.3 In the case that the non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine does not have the loading conditions, the smoke measurement may be carried out with the free acceleration method described in GB 3847, that is, the accelerator pedal is fully stepped quickly, continuously but not violently within 1s so that the fuel injection pump can supplied the maximum amount of oil. Before the accelerator pedal is released, the engine shall reach the cut-off point speed (the engine that controls the fuel supply manually or by other means is operated in a similar manner) and shall be inspected during the measurement.
Foreword i
1 Application scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Limits for exhaust smoke
5 Inspection methods
6 Judgment rules
7 Management requirements
8 Requirements for instruments and equipment used for inspection
9 Requirements for fuel oil used for inspection
10 Inspection report
Annex A (Normative) Inspection report
Annex B (Normative) Ringelmann smoke method
