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This standard is revised by the drafting group through investigating and researching extensively, summarizing practical experiences carefully, with reference to relevant foreign advanced standards based on extensive investigation and solicitation of opinions according to the requirements of Notice on Printing Development and Revision Plan of National Engineering Construction Standards and Codes in 2014 (JIAN BIAO [2013] No. 169) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.
The main technical contents of this standard are: 1. General provisions; 2. Terms; 3. Basic requirements; 4. Planning control; 5. Site planning; 6. Architecture design; 7. Indoor environment; 8. Building implements.
Main technical contents revised in this standard are as follows:
1. The requirements of architectural design to reflect regional culture and time characteristics are added.
2. Some terms are revised and added.
3. The classification of residential buildings by the number of storeys is modified into that by height. The relationship between architecture and environment is divided into two aspects: natural environment and human environment. The requirements of the identification system are added. The requirements for building module and disaster prevention and asylum are added and content requirements for barrier-free facilities and parking spaces of building are deleted.
4. “Restriction of city planning to building” is changed to “planning control”, the main technical contents of planning control are highlighted, and two sections “city design” and “building connection” are added; the original “building density, plot ratio and greening ratio” is incorporated into the section “Building base”.
5. Contents about cultural relics and historical sites, ancient and famous trees are added in architectural composition. Requirements for parking lot design are added. Appropriate correction and adjustment to the original vertical design is made, the requirements for the greening engineering of the underground building roof are added; correction and adjustment to some content of the outdoor pipeline is made.
6. The principle of determining the number of people using the building is specified and the relevant requirements for the basement are supplemented. Relevant requirements to equipment floor and arrangement of equipment room outside the refuge area on refuge floor are added. Service radius requirements for indoor public toilets are added. The concept of the net width of the stairs is defined and the requirements for the anti-skid factor are added. Requirements for wall sound insulation and anti-seepage are added; requirements for anti-drainage structure of external window and sills are added. The design requirements for doors and windows, curtain walls, non-slip floors and ceilings are added. Environmental protection requirements for indoor and outdoor decoration materials are newly added. Requirements for the renovation of existing buildings are added.
7. Daylighting requirements for bedrooms and living rooms of residential buildings, medical buildings, and educational buildings are added; lighting quantity and quality index requirements are added; and requirements for artificial lighting environments are expressed. Moisture-proof contents are added and relevant requirements for passive energy-saving technologies to improve indoor thermal environment are newly added. Requirements related to acoustic design are added.
8. Technical contents of the water supply and drainage specialty are adjusted. The basic conditions of central heating are further defined. The requirements for the installation of HVAC equipment in existing buildings are added. The relevant provisions of the electrical specialty are improved and adjusted, and the requirements for the exposed-laid air-termination system are added. Requirements for fuel gas are supplemented.
The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is in charge of the administration of this standard and the explanation of the compulsory provision, and China Institute of Building Standard Design and Research is responsible for the explanation of specific technical contents. During the process of implementing this Code, any opinion or suggestion are kindly requested to be posted or passed on to China Institute of Building Standard Design & Research Co., Ltd. (Address: 2# Interwest International Center, No. 9 Shouti South Road, Haidian District, 100048, Beijing)
Uniform standard for design of civil buildings
1 General provisions
1.0.1 In order to meet the "applicable, economic, green and beautiful building" principles for civil buildings, to meet the basic requirements of safety, sanitation and environmental protection, and to unify the general design requirements of various civil buildings, this standard is prepared.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design for new construction, extension and renovation of civil building.
1.0.3 In addition to the implementation of relevant national laws and regulations, civil building design shall also meet the following requirements:
1 The relationship between people, architecture and the environment shall be properly addressed in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.
2 Ecological environment must be protected to prevent environment pollution and destruction.
3 People orientation shall be adopted to meet the physical and spiritual needs of people.
4 Basic national policies of saving land, energy, water and raw materials shall be implemented.
5 The design shall meet the requirements of the local urban and rural planning and coordinate with the surrounding environment. It should reflect the regional culture and times features.
6 As for the building and environment, the disaster prevention safety measures such as fire prevention, earthquake resistance, flood prevention, air defense, wind, snow and thunder resistance shall be adopted comprehensively.
7 Barrier-free (accessible) facilities shall be provided in indoor and outdoor environments to facilitate the use of handicapped people.
8 All construction involving famous historical and cultural cities, towns, villages, historical and cultural blocks, cultural relics protection units, historical buildings, scenic spots and natural reserves shall comply with the provisions of relevant protection planning.
The design of civil buildings shall comply with both the requirements of this standard and those stipulated in the relevant current national standards.?
2 Terms
2.0.1 civil building
the general term of the building for people living and public activities
2.0.2 residential building
building for people to live and use
2.0.3 public building
building for people to conduct various public activities
2.0.4 accessibility facilities
service facilities to ensure safe passage and convenient use of personnel, and to be constructed in conjunction with civil construction projects.
2.0.5 construction site
site for the construction project, which is determined according to the nature of the land and the use of ownership
2.0.6 boundary line of roads
boundary line of land for urban roads (including residential area roads)
2.0.7 property line
boundary line for the land use rights of various types of construction projects
2.0.8 building line
boundary line that the planning administrative department separately defines and the main body of a building (structure) above the ground shall not extend beyond within the boundary line of roads and construction land boundary
2.0.9 building density; building coverage ratio
the ratio (%) of the total area of the foundation of the building to the total land area within a certain land area
2.0.10 plot ratio; floor area ratio
the ratio of the total area of the building to the area of the land within a certain land use and floor use range
2.0.11 greening rate
the ratio (%) of the total area of various types of green space to the total area of the land (%) within a certain land use area
2.0.12 insolation standard
the insolation time obtained from the outer window of the building at the calculation starting point from the sill surface of the storey with the sunshine requirement within the effective insolation time of the specified standard day of sunshine (Winter Day or Great Cold Day) according to the climatic zone in which the building is located, the size of the city, and the nature of the use of the building
2.0.13 storey height
the vertical distance calculated according to the floors of the building and the floor surface (finished surface); as for the attic floor, it refers to the vertical distance from the floor surface (finished surface) to the structural surface layer of the flat roof or the structural surface layer to the intersection of structural surface layer of the slope top and the extension line of the surface of outer wall
2.0.14 interior clear height
vertical distance of the effective use space from the floor cover / floor surface layer (finished surface) to the ceiling or superstructure, the bottom of the roof.
2.0.15 basement
a room whose floor level is lower than outdoor ground level by more than 1/2 the net height of the room
2.0.16 semi-basement
a room whose floor level is lower than outdoor ground level by 1/3~1/2 of the net height of the room
2.0.17 equipment floor
space layer specially for the equipment and pipelines of HVAC, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, electrical engineering, etc., and for personnel to enter for operation
2.0.18 refuge storey
storey for the personnel to hide from fire and smoke hazard temporarily in case of fire in high-rise buildings with a height of more than 100.0m
2.0.19 open floor
open space for structure support and without peripheral retaining wall
2.0.20 step
stepped passage for pedestrians connected to indoors or outdoors floors or grounds of different elevations
2.0.21 the vertical height between two open space
vertical distance between the upper and lower floors if there is a height difference between adjacent open spaces
2.0.22 ramp
ramped traffic passage for pedestrians and vehicles connected to indoors or outdoors floors or grounds of different elevations
2.0.23 railing
protective partitioning member for securing personal safety or separating spaces with a certain safety height
2.0.24 stair
building component consisting of steps for continuous walking, rest platforms, and rails for safety maintenance rails (or breast board), and corresponding support structures and for vertical traffic between floors
2.0.25 deformation joint
structural joint preserved to prevent the building from being exposed to external factors, additional deformation and stress generated inside the structure which causes to be cracked, collided or even destroyed, including expansion joints, settlement joints and anti-seismic joints
2.0.26 building curtain wall
building peripheral retaining wall consisting of the panel and the supporting structural system (supporting device and supporting structure), which can have a certain displacement capacity relative to the main body structure or has a certain deformation capability, and does not bear the action of the main structure
2.0.27 suspended ceiling
ceiling suspended under the roof or slab structure of the house
2.0.28 pipe shaft
vertical hoistway in a building for arranging vertical equipment pipeline and equipment
2.0.29 smoke uptake; smoke flue
pipes and shafts that emit various flue gases
2.0.30 air shaft
pipelines and shafts that exhaust indoors bad gas or transmit fresh air
2.0.31 decoration; finishing
detailed processing and artistic processing of the interior and exterior spaces of the building based on the main structure of the building
2.0.32 daylighting
measures to make natural illuminance obtained for the space inside the building meets the requirements of use, safety, comfort, and aesthetics, in order to ensure that the living, work or production activities of people have a suitable light environment
2.0.33 daylight factor
the ratio of the illuminance produced by direct or indirect reception of sky-diffuse light from a hypothetical and known sky brightness distribution, and the sky-diffuse illuminance produced by the sky hemisphere on an outdoor unobstructed level at the same time, at a point on a given plane in the room
2.0.34 standard value of daylight factor
the value of the daylighting factor if the visual function requirements are met under the specified outdoor natural light design illumination
2.0.35 ventilation
technologies to make the air quality meet the requirements of hygiene, safety and comfort by ventilating the space inside the building with natural or mechanical methods in order to ensure that the life, work or production activities of people have a suitable air environment
2.0.36 noise
external disturbance sound that affect people's normal life, work, study, rest, and even damage physical or mental health
2.0.37 building connection
underground or overground building built across the red line of the road and the boundary of the construction land and connecting the different lands
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3 Basic requirements
3.1 Classification of civil buildings
3.1.1 Civil buildings can be classified into residential buildings and public buildings according to their functions. In addition, residential buildings can be classified into residential buildings and dormitory buildings.
3.1.2 Classification of civil buildings according to the height or floor number of the building shall comply with the following provisions:
1 Residential buildings with a height of not more than 27.0m, public buildings with a building height of not more than 24.0m, and single-storey public buildings with a building height of more than 24.0m are low-rise or multi-storey civil buildings;
2 Residential buildings with a height of more than 27.0 m and not more than 100.m and non-single-story public buildings with a height of more than 24.0 m and not more than 100.0 m are high-rise civil buildings;
3 The buildings with the height greater than 100.0m are super high-rise buildings.
Note: the building fire protection design shall comply with the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings on the calculation of building height and floor number.
3.1.3 The grading of civil building grades shall be in accordance with the relevant national standards or the regulations of the competent authorities of the industry.
Foreword i
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic requirements
3.1 Classification of civil buildings
3.2 Designed service life
3.3 Basic requirements of climate region of building
3.4 Architecture and environment
3.5 Building module
3.6 Disaster prevention and asylum
4 Planning control
4.1 Urban planning and city design
4.2 Construction base site
4.3 Building surface eruption
4.4 Building connection
4.5 Building height
5 Site planning
5.1 Architectural composition
5.2 Road and hard standing
5.3 Vertical design
5.4 Greening design
5.5 Layout of pipeline engineering
6 Architecture design
6.1 Determining of rate number of users
6.2 Layout design
6.3 Storey height and interior clear height
6.4 Basement and semibasement
6.5 Equipment floor, refuge storey and open floor
6.6 Bathroom
6.7 Step, ramp and railing
6.8 Stairs
6.9 Elevators, escalators and moving walkways
6.10 Wall detail and deformation joint
6.11 Door and window
6.12 Building curtain wall
6.13 Floor
6.14 Roof
6.15 Suspended ceiling
6.16 Piping shaft, flue and air shaft
6.17 Decoration
7 Indoor environment
7.1 Lighting environment
7.2 Ventilation
7.3 Thermal environment
7.4 Acoustical environment
8 Building implements
8.1 Water supply and drainage
8.2 Heating ventilating and air conditioning
8.3 Architecture electric
8.4 Gas
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
