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According to the requirements of Document JIANBIAO [2014] No. 189 issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, “Notification on printing and distributing the Plan 2015 for development and revision of national engineering construction standards and specifications”, this standard is developed by Shanghai HuaYi Engineering Co., Ltd and Shanghai General Public Security and Fire Brigade jointly with the parties concerned.
In the preparation of this standard, the standard preparation team conducted in-depth investigations on some production enterprises in domestic (fine) chemical zones (parks) , drawn from practical experience of engineering fire protection design of domestic fine chemical enterprises, and assimilated relevant domestic and foreign outcomes in construction standards and specifications, to finalize this standard based on extensive consultations, through repeated discussions, modifications and improvements, and review.
The main technical contents of this standard include general, terms, classification of fire hazards, plant siting and general layout, process system and production facilities, storage facilities, pipeline arrangement, fire prevention of industrial building (warehouse), fire-fighting facilities, heating, ventilation and air conditioning, and electrical, etc.
The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China is in charge of the administration of this standard and the explanation of the compulsory provisions, China Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Survey and Design Association is in charge of routine management, and Shanghai HuaYi Engineering Co., Ltd is in charge of the explanation of specific technical contents. In case of any comment or suggestion in the process of implementing this standard, please send it to Shanghai HuaYi Engineering Co., Ltd (Address: No.788 Chengjiang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai; 200241 China) for reference in future revision.
Contents
1 General 1
2 Terms 1
3 Classification of fire hazards 3
4 Plant siting and general layout 3
4.1 Plant siting 3
4.2 General layout 8
4.3 In-plant roads 12
5 Process system and production facilities 12
5.1 General requirements 12
5.2 Reactor 14
5.3 Pumps and compressors 15
5.4 Thermal fluid boiler 16
5.5 Arrangement in production facilities 17
5.6 Wastewater treatment and circulating water 22
5.7 Pressure relief 23
5.8 Process monitoring and automatic control 26
6 Storage facilities 27
6.1 General requirements 27
6.2 Storage tank for combustible liquid 27
6.3 Storage tanks for liquefied hydrocarbon, combustible gas or combustion-supporting gas 31
6.4 Loading and unloading facilities for tank trucks carrying combustible liquids and liquefied hydrocarbons 33
6.5 In-plant warehouse 34
7 Pipeline arrangement 35
7.1 In-plant pipelines 35
7.2 Process and utilities pipelines 35
7.3 Pipelines of process wastewater containing combustible liquid 37
8 Fire prevention of plant building (warehouse) 38
8.1 Fire resistance rating of plant building (warehouse) and fire endurance of construction elements 38
8.2 Height, story number and area of plant building (warehouse) 39
8.3 Plane arrangement of plant building (warehouse) 41
8.4 Explosion protection of plant building (warehouse) 43
8.5 Safe evacuation of plant building (warehouse) 43
9 Fire fighting facilities 45
9.1 General requirements 45
9.2 Enterprise fire station 45
9.3 Water supply for fire fighting 45
9.4 Fire hydrant system 47
9.5 Automatic fire suppression system 48
9.6 Arrangement of fire extinguishers 49
9.7 Water drainage for fire fighting 49
10 Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning 50
10.1 Heating 50
10.2 Ventilation and air conditioning 50
10.3 Positive pressure ventilation 52
10.4 Emergency ventilation 53
10.5 Smoke control and exhaust system 54
11 Electrical 54
11.1 Power source and power distribution for fire fighting 54
11.2 Transformer, distribution cabinet and cabling 55
11.3 Fire emergency lighting 56
11.4 Lightning protection and static protection 56
11.5 Automatic fire alarm system 57
Annex A Starting and ending points of fire separation distance 58
Explanation of wording in this standard 59
List of quoted standards 60
Fire protection standard for engineering design of fine chemical enterprise
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is intended to standardize the fire protection design of fine chemical enterprises, prevent and reduce fire hazards, and ensure personal and property safety.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to fire protection design for new construction, extension and retrofit of fine chemical enterprises with a total capacity of liquefied hydrocarbon tanks up to 300m3 and individual tank capacity up to 100m3, a total capacity of Class AB and Class B liquid tanks up to 5,000m3 and individual tank capacity up to 1,000m3, a total capacity of Class C liquid tanks up to 25,000m3 and individual tank capacity up to 5,000m3, and a total capacity of combustible gas tanks up to 5,000m3 and individual tank capacity up to 1,000m3, in the storage farm.
1.0.3 The engineering design for fire protection of fine chemical enterprises (the “fire protection design”) shall follow the relevant national approaches and policies, and adopt new techniques, new materials and new equipment on the basis of continuous drawing from production, construction and scientific experiments, so as to be safe, serviceable, technologically advanced, and economical.
1.0.4 The fire protection design shall not only comply with this standard but also current relevant national standards.
2 Terms
2.0.1 fine chemical enterprise
factory that produces high-value-added and technology-intensive fine chemical products with specific functions, for specific uses, in small batches and multiple varieties, from primary or secondary chemicals and biomass materials produced in the basic chemical industry as initial feedstock through deep processing
2.0.2 production facilities
process equipment required to complete the production process (production of products), including production equipment, industrial building, auxiliary equipment and various supporting facilities
?
2.0.3 process system
system composed of reactor, tower, heat exchanger, container, thermal fluid boiler, pump and other process equipment, pipelines and control instruments
2.0.4 overall major facilities
buildings and facilities, e.g. plant-wide office, control, laboratory, power transformation and distribution, fire pump house (station) and enterprise fire station, which may cause heavy casualties and property losses in case of fire
2.0.5 enclosed industrial building
production-purpose building with a roof, all or part of which adopts uniformly distributed enclosed wall (including door and window) outer envelopes which cover an area exceeding 1/2 of the surface areas of the building's outer enclosure (excluding the roof) or has a perimeter exceeding 1/4 of the perimeter of the building's outer enclosure, or in any floor of which there is a functional room locally with an closed enclosure covering an area exceeding 1/2 of the floor area
2.0.6 semi-enclosed industrial building
production-purpose building with a roof, part of which adopts uniformly distributed enclosed wall (including door and window) outer envelopes which cover an area not exceeding 1/2 of the surface areas of the building's outer enclosure (excluding the roof) or has a perimeter not exceeding 1/4 of the perimeter of the building's outer enclosure, or in any floor of which there is a functional room locally with an closed enclosure covering an area not exceeding 1/2 and not less than 5% of the floor area
2.0.7 opened industrial building
production-purpose building with a roof, which is free of outer envelopes, or in any floor of which there is a functional room locally with an closed enclosure covering an area not exceeding 5% of the floor area
2.0.8 joint building
complex building with sites for functional uses, e.g. production, storage, utilities and auxiliaries, adjacently distributed according to the characteristic requirements of process production
?
2.0.9 storage tanks within production workshop
tanks that are arranged in or at the edge of production facilities in order to balance production, product quality inspection or single-exercise input, etc. depending on process requirement, and do not directly participate in the processes, in normal production, excluding the containers in the processes
2.0.10 non-electrical equipment
equipment that contains no electrical components and can cause explosion due to non-electrical potential ignition source when used in explosive environment
2.0.11 protection air lock
service space that is equipped with forced draft and compartmented by fire partition so it is enabled to prevent spread of fire, buffer explosion shock wave and limit diffusion of explosive substances
3 Classification of fire hazards
3.0.1 The fire hazard classification of production and storage articles shall comply with the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings. The fire hazard classification of liquefied hydrocarbons and combustible liquids shall comply with the current national standard GB 50160 Fire prevention code of petrochemical enterprise design.
3.0.2 In case of production or storage with different fire hazards in a plant building or warehouse, the fire hazard classification of the plant building or warehouse shall be comply with the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings.
4 Plant siting and general layout
4.1 Plant siting
4.1.1 Plant siting shall meet local requirements of the overall urban and rural planning.
4.1.2 The siting shall be reasonably determined according to the characteristics and fire hazard classes of enterprises, adjacent enterprises or facilities, as well as natural conditions such as wind direction and topography.
?
4.1.3 Siting of an enterprise emitting harmful substances shall be on the windward side of the neighboring residential areas or towns with the yearly-minimum-frequency wind direction, and shall avoid wind trapping areas. For enterprises with higher cleanliness requirements, if severe air pollution cannot be kept away from, siting shall be on the windward side of the yearly-maximum-frequency wind direction or on the leeward side of the yearly-minimum-frequency wind direction.
4.1.4 Regional flood drains shall not pass through any production area of the plant.
4.1.5 The fire separation distance between fine chemical enterprise and adjacent factory or facility shall not be less than that specified in Table 4.1.5.
Table 4.1.5 Fire separation distance between fine chemical enterprise and adjacent factory or facility (m)
Adjacent factory or facility Liquefied hydrocarbon storage tank Class A and B liquid storage tanks Storage tank for combustible gases Class A and B production facilities Overall major facilities (except enterprise fire stations)
Total capacity Vt or individual capacity Vi (m3) Total capacity Vt (m3) Total capacity Vt (m3)
Vt≤50
Vi≤20 50
1 General
2 Terms
3 Classification of fire hazards
4 Plant siting and general layout
4.1 Plant siting
4.2 General layout
4.3 In-plant roads
5 Process system and production facilities
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Reactor
5.3 Pumps and compressors
5.4 Thermal fluid boiler
5.5 Arrangement in production facilities
5.6 Wastewater treatment and circulating water
5.7 Pressure relief
5.8 Process monitoring and automatic control
6 Storage facilities
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Storage tank for combustible liquid
6.3 Storage tanks for liquefied hydrocarbon, combustible gas or combustion-supporting gas
6.4 Loading and unloading facilities for tank trucks carrying combustible liquids and liquefied hydrocarbons
6.5 In-plant warehouse
7 Pipeline arrangement
7.1 In-plant pipelines
7.2 Process and utilities pipelines
7.3 Pipelines of process wastewater containing combustible liquid
8 Fire prevention of plant building (warehouse)
8.1 Fire resistance rating of plant building (warehouse) and fire endurance of construction elements
8.2 Height, story number and area of plant building (warehouse)
8.3 Plane arrangement of plant building (warehouse)
8.4 Explosion protection of plant building (warehouse)
8.5 Safe evacuation of plant building (warehouse)
9 Fire fighting facilities
9.1 General requirements
9.2 Enterprise fire station
9.3 Water supply for fire fighting
9.4 Fire hydrant system
9.5 Automatic fire suppression system
9.6 Arrangement of fire extinguishers
9.7 Water drainage for fire fighting
10 Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning
10.1 Heating
10.2 Ventilation and air conditioning
10.3 Positive pressure ventilation
10.4 Emergency ventilation
10.5 Smoke control and exhaust system
11 Electrical
11.1 Power source and power distribution for fire fighting
11.2 Transformer, distribution cabinet and cabling
11.3 Fire emergency lighting
11.4 Lightning protection and static protection
11.5 Automatic fire alarm system
Annex A Starting and ending points of fire separation distance
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
1 總 則
1.0.1 為規(guī)范精細(xì)化工企業(yè)工程防火設(shè)計(jì)，防止和減少火災(zāi)危害，確保人身和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，制定本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
1.0.2 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于罐區(qū)液化烴儲(chǔ)罐總?cè)莘e不超過300m3、單罐容積不超過100m3，甲B和乙類液體儲(chǔ)罐總?cè)莘e不超過5000m3、單罐容積不超過1000m3，丙類液體儲(chǔ)罐總?cè)莘e不超過25000m3、單罐容積不超過5000m3，可燃?xì)怏w儲(chǔ)罐總?cè)莘e不超過5000m3、單罐容積不超過1000m3的精細(xì)化工企業(yè)新建、擴(kuò)建和改建工程的防火設(shè)計(jì)。
1.0.3精細(xì)化工企業(yè)工程防火設(shè)計(jì)，應(yīng)遵循國(guó)家有關(guān)方針政策，在不斷總結(jié)生產(chǎn)、建設(shè)和科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，采用新工藝、新材料和新設(shè)備，做到安全適用、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)合理。
1.0.4 精細(xì)化工企業(yè)工程防火設(shè)計(jì)，除應(yīng)執(zhí)行本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外。尚應(yīng)符合國(guó)家現(xiàn)行有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。
2 術(shù) 語
2.0.1 精細(xì)化工企業(yè) fine chemical enterprise
以基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的初級(jí)或次級(jí)化學(xué)品、生物質(zhì)材料等為起始原料，進(jìn)行深加工而制取具有特定功能、特定用途、小批量、多品種、附加值高和技術(shù)密集的精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)品的工廠。
2.0.2 生產(chǎn)設(shè)施production facilities
為完成生產(chǎn)過程(生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品)所需要的工藝裝置，包括生產(chǎn)設(shè)備、廠房、輔助設(shè)備及各種配套設(shè)施。
2.0.3工藝系統(tǒng)process system
由反應(yīng)器、塔、換熱器、容器、導(dǎo)熱油爐、機(jī)泵等工藝設(shè)備及管道和控制儀表等組成的系統(tǒng)。
2.0.4 全廠性重要設(shè)施 overall major facilities
發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)，可能造成重大人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失的全廠性辦公、控制、化驗(yàn)、變配電、消防泵房(站)、企業(yè)消防站等建筑和設(shè)施。
2.0.5 封閉式廠房 enclosed industrial building
設(shè)有屋頂，建筑全部或局部采用均勻分布的封閉墻體(含門、窗)外圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)，所占面積超過該建筑外圍護(hù)體表面面積的1/2(不含屋頂?shù)拿娣e)或所占周長(zhǎng)超過該建筑外圍護(hù)體周長(zhǎng)的1/4，或任意一層局部設(shè)有封閉式圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的功能房間所占面積超過該樓層面積的1/2的生產(chǎn)性建筑物。
2.0.6半敞開式廠房 semi-enclosed industrial building
設(shè)有屋頂，建筑局部采用均勻分布的封閉墻體(含門、窗)外圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)，所占面積不超過該建筑外圍護(hù)體表面面積的1/2(不含屋頂?shù)拿娣e)或所占周長(zhǎng)不超過該建筑外圍護(hù)體周長(zhǎng)的1/4，或任意一層局部設(shè)有封閉式圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的功能房間所占面積不超過該樓層面積的1/2且不小于該樓層面積的5％的生產(chǎn)性建筑物。
2.0.7 敞開式廠房 opened industrial building
設(shè)有屋頂，不設(shè)建筑外圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)或任意一層局部設(shè)有封閉式圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的功能房間，所占面積不超過該樓層面積的5％的生產(chǎn)性建筑物。
2.0.8聯(lián)合廠房 joint building
根據(jù)工藝生產(chǎn)的特性需求，由生產(chǎn)、儲(chǔ)存、公用和輔助等使用功能場(chǎng)所相鄰布置的聯(lián)合體建筑。
2.0.9 車間儲(chǔ)罐(組) storage tanks within production workshop
在正常生產(chǎn)過程中，不直接參加工藝過程，但工藝要求，為了平衡生產(chǎn)、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檢測(cè)或一次投入等需要在生產(chǎn)設(shè)施內(nèi)或邊緣布置的儲(chǔ)罐(組)，不包括工藝過程中的容器。
2.0.10非電氣設(shè)備 non-electrical equipment
不含電氣組件，用于爆炸性環(huán)境時(shí)由于非電氣潛在點(diǎn)燃源能引起爆炸的設(shè)備。
2.0.11防護(hù)門斗protection air lock
設(shè)有正壓送風(fēng)，用防火隔墻分隔，能防止火災(zāi)蔓延、緩沖爆炸沖擊波及限制爆炸性物質(zhì)擴(kuò)散的使用空間。
3火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)性分類
3.0.1 生產(chǎn)及儲(chǔ)存物品的火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)性分類應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》GB 50016的規(guī)定。液化烴、可燃液體的火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)性分級(jí)應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《石油化工企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)防火標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GB 50160的規(guī)定。
3.0.2廠房或倉(cāng)庫(kù)內(nèi)有不同火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)性生產(chǎn)或儲(chǔ)存時(shí)，廠房或倉(cāng)庫(kù)的火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)性類別應(yīng)按現(xiàn)行國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》GB 50016執(zhí)行。
4廠址選擇與工廠總平面布置
4.1 廠址選擇
4.1.1 廠址選擇應(yīng)符合當(dāng)?shù)爻青l(xiāng)總體規(guī)劃要求。
4.1.2 廠址應(yīng)根據(jù)企業(yè)、相鄰企業(yè)或設(shè)施的特點(diǎn)和火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)類別，結(jié)合風(fēng)向與地形等自然條件合理確定。
4.1.3 散發(fā)有害物質(zhì)的企業(yè)廠址宜位于鄰近居民區(qū)或城鎮(zhèn)全年最小頻率風(fēng)向的上風(fēng)側(cè)，且不應(yīng)位于窩風(fēng)地段。有較高潔凈度要求的企業(yè)，當(dāng)不能遠(yuǎn)離有嚴(yán)重空氣污染區(qū)時(shí)，則應(yīng)位于其最大頻率風(fēng)向的上風(fēng)側(cè)，或全年最小頻率風(fēng)向的下風(fēng)側(cè)。
4.1.4地區(qū)排洪溝不應(yīng)通過工廠生產(chǎn)區(qū)。
4.1.5 精細(xì)化工企業(yè)與相鄰工廠或設(shè)施的防火間距不應(yīng)小于表4.1.5的規(guī)定。
表4.1.5精細(xì)化工企業(yè)與相鄰工廠或設(shè)施的防火間距(m)
相鄰工廠或設(shè)施 液化烴儲(chǔ)罐 甲、乙類液體儲(chǔ)罐 可燃?xì)怏w儲(chǔ)罐 甲、乙類生產(chǎn)設(shè)施 全廠性重要設(shè)施(企業(yè)消防站除外)
總?cè)莘eV總或單罐容積V單(m3) 總?cè)莘eV總(m3) 總?cè)莘eV總(m3)
V總≤50
V單≤20 50
GB 51283-2020 引用如下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： |
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