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This standard replaces GB/T 12604.5-1990 Terminology for Non-destructive Testing — Magnetic Particle Testing.
The following technical deviations have been made with respect to the GB/T 12604.5-1990 (the previous edition):
— Terms and Definitions is modified (Clauses 2, 3 and 4 of Edition 1990; Clause 2 of this edition).
This standard was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard was prepared by SAC/TC 56 (National Technical Committee 56 on Non-destructive Testing of Standardization Administration of China).
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
— GB/T 12604.5-1990.
Non-destructive Testing — Terminology — Terms Used in Magnetic Particle Testing
1 Scope
This standard defines terms used in magnetic particle testing as a common basis for standards and general use.
2 Terms and Definitions
2.1
A.C. electromagnet yoke
yoke connected to the AC power
2.2
alternating current
current whose magnitude and direction vary sinusoidally with time, is indicated by the symbol AC
2.3
alternating current field
conductor is connected to an alternating current, and a magnetic field is induced inside and around the conductor
2.4
alternating current magnetization
magnetization with a magnetic field generated by an alternating current inductor
2.5
ampere
unit of current, abbreviated as A or amp
2.6
ampere per meter
magnetic field strength at the center of the coil when a single-turn coil of 1 m in diameter is used in the air with a current of 1 A. Abbreviated as A?m-1 or A/m
2.7
ampere turns
product of the number of turns of a coil and the current in amperes flowing through the coil
?
2.8
arc
glow caused by discharge when an electric current passes through a gas clearance
2.9
arc strikes
partial burn damage of a component due to poor electrical contact
2.10
axial current flow
component is clamped along the axis between the two magnetic chucks of the flaw detector to allow current to flow directly through the component to be inspected, creating a closed circular magnetic field on the surface and inside of the component
2.11
black light
ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 320 nm to 400 nm (3 200 ? to 4 000 ?), i.e. UV-A
2.12
black light filter
filter that absorbs other wavelengths but allows near-ultraviolet transmission
2.13
cancel magnetic field
when the ferromagnetic material is magnetized, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic poles in the material is a cancel magnetic field, which weakens the external magnetic field
2.14
central conductor
electric conductor positioned in the centre of an aperture of the component is energized to form a circular magnetic field on the component after current flow
2.15
circular magnetic field
magnetic field generated inside and around the component when current flow through the elongated conductor
2.16
circular magnetization
current flows directly through the component or through the central conductor, generating a circumferentially closed magnetic field in the component that surrounds it and is perpendicular to it's long axis
2.17
circumferential magnetization
see circular magnetization (2.16)
2.18
coercive force
magnitude of the reverse magnetic field required to reduce the residual magnetic induction to zero
2.19
coil method
method of wrapping a current carrying conductor coil around all or part of a component to make it fully or partially magnetized
2.20
coil shot
technique in which a current is passed around a coil surrounding a component to magnetize it longitudinally
2.21
coil technique
see coil method (2.19)
2.22
color magnetic particles
white or other color magnetic particles made of industrial pure iron particles or other raw materials and coated with adhesive
2.23
rectified current
alternating current is converted into a unidirectional current by a rectification method
2.24
contrast aid paints
in order to improve the contrast between the magnetic particles display and the surface color of the component, a white suspension may be applied to the component surface before the flaw detection, and the suspension is called as contrast aid paints
2.25
contact head
electrode for clamping the component to facilitate current flow
?
2.26
contact method
see current flow techniques (2.31)
2.27
contact pad
braid that is placed on the electrode to improve electrical contact and prevent arc strikes from the component, typically made of lead or copper
2.28
continuous technique
procedure in which a component is magnetized while applying magnetic particles
2.29
crossed yoke
magnetic particle inspection device that produces a rotating magnetic field on the same plane (or curved surface), two-phase sinusoidal alternating magnetic fields having a certain phase difference (not equal to 0° or 180°) and crossing each other at an angle (not equal to 0° or 180°) are superimposed on each other
2.30
curie point
temperature at which the ferromagnetic material cannot be magnetized and the residual magnetic field disappears under the action of an external magnetic field (most metals are 650℃ to 870℃).
2.31
current flow techniques
method of magnetizing a current through a component using a contactor or contact head; the current can be AC, DC or rectified
2.32
current induction technique
by the action of the alternating magnetic field, a method of inducing a ring current in the annular component to realize magnetization is achieved
2.33
dark adaptation
transient time of visual adjustments to the environments with reduced illumination
2.34
D.C. electromagnet yoke
yoke connected to the DC power
2.35
demagnetization
reduce the residual magnetic field of the magnetized ferromagnetic material or component to an acceptable level
2.36
demagnetization coil
special coil for demagnetization
2.37
diamagnetic material
materials with a relative magnetic permeability slightly less than 1
2.38
direct current
current of constant in both size and direction and is represented by the symbol DC
2.39
direct current field
residual magnet ic field or active magnetic field generated by a direct current passing through a conductor
2.40
magnetic domain
small area of spontaneous magnetization that exists inside the ferromagnetic material
2.41
dry method
method of magnetic particle detection using dry magnetic powder
2.42
dry magnetic powder
dry, particulate, magnetic powder of suitable size and shape for detecting discontinuities
2.43
electrode
conductor that introduces electrical current into or out of a component
2.44
electromagnet
soft iron core wound around a coil becomes a temporary magnet as current passes through the coil
?
2.45
effective magnetic field
effective magnetic field on the component is equal to the applied magnetic field minus the cancel magnetic field
2.46
electricity magnet
magnet that requires a power source to maintain its magnetic field
2.47
ferromagnetic material
material with relative magnetic permeability is much greater than 1, which varies with the magnetic field strength
2.48
fill factor
ratio of the cross-sectional area of the coil to the cross-sectional area of the component when magnetized by the coil method
2.49
fixed installations
fixed flaw detector has a large volume and weight, and the rated circular magnetization current is generally from 1 000 A to 10 000 A
2.50
flash magnetization
magnetization of current flow in a short time
2.51
flash point
the lowest temperature at which the volatile inflammable substances or the vapor in the air generated by volatilization of inflammable substance is ignited by the flame
2.52
flexible coil
cable winding
magnetization using a cable wrapped closely around a component
2.53
fluorescent
visible light emitted by a substance due to its absorption of ultraviolet light
?
2.54
fluorescent magnetic particles
magnetic particles formed by coating a layer of a fluorescent substance on the outer surface of the ferromagnetic particles
2.55
fluorescent magnetic particles testing
method of detecting fluorescent magnetic particles by observation with a black light
2.56
flux density
see flux density (2.85)
2.57
flux leakage field
after the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material, magnetic field formed by the magnetic induction line leaving and entering the surface at the discontinuity or the change in the cross section of the magnetic circuit
2.58
flux meter
electronic device for measuring magnetic flux
2.59
full-wave direct current
penetrating and directional DC currents obtained by single-phase or three-phase AC rectification
2.60
tesla
unit of flux density or magnetic induction strength can be abbreviated as T. A 1 m long conductor perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field passes through a current of 1 A. When the force of the magnetic field is 1 N, the magnetic induction strength at the place where the energized wire is located is 1 T
2.61
tesla meter
magnetometer that reads the field strength in tesla
2.62
half-wave rectified current
half-cycle cut-off current in the opposite direction obtained by single phase A.C. through single-phase rectification; it is used for unidirectional magnetic field to generate pulses
2.63
heads
clamp attached to the desktop magnetic particle testing device
2.64
high permeability
ferromagnetic materials are strongly magnetized in an external magnetic field, producing a very strong additional magnetic field
2.65
hysteresis
when the direction of the external magnetic field changes, the change in the magnetic induction strength lags behind the change in the magnetic field strength
2.66
hysteresis loop
curve describing the relationship between flux density and magnetic field strength
2.67
shot impact current
current generally obtained by charging and discharging of the capacitor
2.68
induced current flow
inductive current method is to insert the iron core into the ring-shaped component, and use the component as the secondary coil of the transformer to generate a circumferential induced current in the component through the change of the magnetic flux in the iron core
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Terms and Definitions
English Index
ICS 01.040.19;19.100
J 04
中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
GB/T 12604.5—2008
代替GB/T 12604.5—1990
無(wú)損檢測(cè) 術(shù)語(yǔ) 磁粉檢測(cè)
Non-destructive testing—
Terminology—Terms used in magnetic particle testing
2008-05-13發(fā)布 2008-11-01實(shí)施
中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)檢疫總局
中國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)
發(fā)布
前言
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)代替GB/T 12604.5—1990《無(wú)損檢測(cè)術(shù)語(yǔ) 磁粉檢測(cè)》。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與GB/T 12604.5—1990相比主要變化如下:
——修改了術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義(1990年版的第2、3和4章;本版的第2章)。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由中國(guó)機(jī)械工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)提出。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由全國(guó)無(wú)損檢測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)(SAC/TC 56)歸口。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所代替標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為:
——GB/T 12604.5—1990。
無(wú)損檢測(cè) 術(shù)語(yǔ) 磁粉檢測(cè)
1 范圍
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)界定了磁粉檢測(cè)術(shù)語(yǔ),作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和一般使用的共同基礎(chǔ)。
2術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義
2.1
交流電磁軛A.C. electromagnet yoke
通以交流電的磁軛。
2.2
交流電alternating current
大小和方向隨時(shí)間按正弦規(guī)律變化的電流,用符號(hào)AC表示。
2.3
交流磁場(chǎng)alternating current field
導(dǎo)體通以交流電而在導(dǎo)體內(nèi)部及其周圍感生的磁場(chǎng)。
2.4
交流磁化 alternating current magnetization
用交流電感生的磁場(chǎng)而進(jìn)行的磁化。
2.5
安培ampere
電流的單位,縮寫為A或amp。
2.6
安培每米ampere per meter
處于空氣中的、直徑1 m的單匝線圈,通以1 A電流時(shí),線圈中心的磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度。縮寫為A·m-1或A/m。
2.7
安匝a(bǔ)mpere turns
線圈匝數(shù)和所通電流安培值之乘積。
2.8
電弧arc
電流通過(guò)氣體間隙時(shí),因放電而引起的發(fā)光。
2.9
電弧燒傷 arc strikes
因電源電路接通或斷開而引起的電弧對(duì)部件的局部燒損。
2.10
軸向通電axial current flow
將工件沿軸線夾于探傷機(jī)的兩磁化夾頭之間,使電流從被檢工件上直接流過(guò),在工件的表面和內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生一個(gè)閉合的周向磁場(chǎng)。
2.11
黑光black light
波長(zhǎng)為320 nm~400 nm(3 200 ?~4 000 ?)的紫外線,即UV-A。
2.12
黑光濾波器black light filter
能夠吸收其他波長(zhǎng),但能使近紫外線透射的濾光板。
2.13
退磁場(chǎng)cancel magnetic field
鐵磁性材料磁化時(shí),由材料中磁極所產(chǎn)生的磁場(chǎng)為退磁場(chǎng),它對(duì)外加磁場(chǎng)有削弱作用。
2.14
中心導(dǎo)體 central conductor
穿入空心工件孔腔的導(dǎo)電體,通電后,在被檢件上形成周向磁場(chǎng)。
2.15
圓周磁場(chǎng) circular magnetic field
電流通過(guò)縱長(zhǎng)的導(dǎo)體時(shí),在此工件內(nèi)部及其周圍產(chǎn)生的磁場(chǎng)。
2.16
周向磁化circular magnetization
電流直接通過(guò)工件或通過(guò)中心導(dǎo)體,在工件中建立一個(gè)環(huán)繞工件的并與工件長(zhǎng)軸垂直的周向閉合磁場(chǎng)。
2.17
環(huán)形磁化circumferential magnetization
見周向磁化(2.16)。
2.18
矯頑力 coercive force
使剩余磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度降為零時(shí)所需要的反向磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度。
2.19
線圈法coil method
將載流線圈環(huán)繞于零件的全部或部分,使其全部或局部磁化的方法。
2.20
線圈通電coil shot
對(duì)環(huán)繞于零件的線圈通以電流,使零件縱向磁化的技術(shù)。
2.21
線圈技術(shù)coil technique
見線圈法(2.19)。
2.22
彩色磁粉color magnetic particles
以工業(yè)純鐵粉等為原料,用黏合劑包覆制成的白磁粉或其他顏色磁粉。
2.23
整流電 rectified current
通過(guò)整流的方法使交變電流變成的單向電流。
2.24
反差增強(qiáng)劑contrast aid paints
為提高磁粉顯示與工件表面顏色的對(duì)比度,探傷前,可在工件表面上先涂上一層白色懸浮液,該懸浮液就叫做反差增強(qiáng)劑。
2.25
接觸夾頭 contact head
為便于通電,用以?shī)A持被檢件的電極。
2.26
接觸法 contact method
見通電技術(shù)(2.31)。
2.27
接觸墊襯contact pad
置于電極上的用以改善電接觸和防止電弧燒傷被檢件的、通常由鉛或銅制造的編織物。
2.28
連續(xù)法continuous technique
被檢件在磁化的同時(shí)施加磁粉的一種程序。
2.29
交叉磁軛crossed yoke
在同一平面(或曲面)上,由具有一定相位差(不等于0°或180°)而且相互交叉成一定角度(不等于0°或180°)的兩相正弦交變磁場(chǎng)相互疊加而在該平面(或曲面)上產(chǎn)生旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)的磁粉探傷設(shè)備。
2.30
居里點(diǎn)curie point
鐵磁性材料在外加磁場(chǎng)作用下,不能被磁化并且剩磁消失時(shí)的溫度(大多數(shù)金屬為650℃~870℃)。
2.31
通電技術(shù)current flow techniques
采用觸頭或接觸夾頭使電流通過(guò)零部件磁化的方法。電流可以是交流、直流或整流。
2.32
電流感應(yīng)技術(shù)current induction technique
借用交變磁場(chǎng)的作用,使環(huán)形被檢件內(nèi)感生環(huán)行電流而實(shí)現(xiàn)磁化的方法。
2.33
黑暗適應(yīng)dark adaptation
視覺(jué)調(diào)整到照明減弱的環(huán)境中也可見的過(guò)渡時(shí)間。
2.34
直流電磁軛D.C. electromagnet yoke
通以直流電的磁軛。
2.35
退磁demagnetization
使磁化后的鐵磁性材料或工件上的剩磁減弱到可接受的水平。
2.36
退磁線圈demagnetization coil
用來(lái)退磁的專用線圈。
2.37
抗磁性材料diamagnetic material
相對(duì)磁導(dǎo)率略小于1的材料。
2.38
直流電direct current
大小和方向都不變電流,用符號(hào)DC表示。
2.39
直流磁場(chǎng)direct current field
由直流通過(guò)導(dǎo)體而產(chǎn)生的剩余磁場(chǎng)或有源磁場(chǎng)。
2.40
磁疇 magnetic domain
存在于鐵磁材料內(nèi)部的自發(fā)磁化的小區(qū)域。
2.41
干法dry method
使用干磁粉進(jìn)行磁粉檢測(cè)的方法。
2.42
干磁粉dry magnetic powder
干的、微粒狀的、具有適當(dāng)尺寸和形狀的供檢測(cè)不連續(xù)用的磁粉。
2.43
電極 electrode
一種導(dǎo)體,將電流引入工件或從工件引出的工具。
2.44
電磁鐵electromagnet
繞有線圈的軟鐵芯,當(dāng)電流通過(guò)線圈時(shí),它便成為一個(gè)暫時(shí)性的磁鐵。
2.45
有效磁場(chǎng) effective magnetic field
工件上的有效磁場(chǎng)等于外加磁場(chǎng)減去退磁場(chǎng)。
2.46
電磁體electricity magnet
需要電源來(lái)維持其磁場(chǎng)的磁體。
2.47
鐵磁性材料ferromagnetic material
相對(duì)磁導(dǎo)率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于1,其隨磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度變化的材料。
2.48
填充系數(shù)fill factor
采用線圈法磁化時(shí),線圈的橫截面積與工件橫截面積之比。
2.49
固定設(shè)備 fixed installations
固定式探傷機(jī)的體積和重量大,額定周向磁化電流一般從1 000 A~10 000 A。
2.50
瞬時(shí)磁化flash magnetization
短時(shí)間通電磁化。
2.51
閃點(diǎn)flash point
揮發(fā)性易燃物質(zhì)或易燃物質(zhì)揮發(fā)在空氣中產(chǎn)生的蒸氣被火焰點(diǎn)燃時(shí)的最低溫度。
2.52
柔性線圈 flexible coil
電纜纏繞
在工件上纏繞的通電電纜。
2.53
熒光 fluorescent
物質(zhì)由于吸收紫外線后所發(fā)出的可見光。
2.54
熒光磁粉fluorescent magnetic particles
在鐵磁粒子外表面包裹一層熒光物質(zhì)形成的磁粉。
2.55
熒光磁粉檢測(cè)fluorescent magnetic particles testing
采用熒光磁粉在借助黑光燈觀察的檢測(cè)的一種方法。
2.56
磁通量密度f(wàn)lux density
見磁通密度(2.85)。
2.57
漏磁場(chǎng) flux leakage field
鐵磁性材料磁化后,在不連續(xù)性或磁路的截面變化處,磁感應(yīng)線離開和進(jìn)入表面時(shí)形成的磁場(chǎng)。
2.58
磁通量計(jì) flux meter
測(cè)量磁通量用的電子裝置。
2.59
全波直流 full-wave direct current
由單相或三相交流整流獲得的有穿透性的和定向流通的直流電流。
2.60
特斯拉tesla
磁通密度或磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度的單位,可縮寫為特(T)。垂直于磁場(chǎng)方向的1 m長(zhǎng)的導(dǎo)線,通過(guò)1 A的電流,受到磁場(chǎng)的作用力為1 N時(shí),通電導(dǎo)線所在處的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度是1 T。
2.61
特斯拉計(jì)tesla meter
用特斯拉讀取場(chǎng)強(qiáng)的磁強(qiáng)計(jì)。
2.62
半波整流電流half-wave rectified current
單相交流經(jīng)單相整流獲得的反方向半周截止的電流,用以產(chǎn)生脈沖的單向磁場(chǎng)。
2.63
夾頭heads
接在臺(tái)式磁粉檢測(cè)裝置上的夾鉗。
2.64
高導(dǎo)磁性high permeability
鐵磁材料在外磁場(chǎng)中強(qiáng)烈地被磁化,產(chǎn)生非常強(qiáng)的附加磁場(chǎng)。
2.65
磁滯hysteresis
當(dāng)外磁場(chǎng)方向發(fā)生變化時(shí),磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度的變化滯后于磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度的變化。
2.66
磁滯回線hysteresis loop
描述磁通密度與磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度之間函數(shù)關(guān)系的曲線。
2.67
沖擊電流shot impact current
一般是由電容器充放電而獲得的電流。
2.68
感應(yīng)通電 induced current flow
感應(yīng)電流法是將鐵芯插入環(huán)形工件內(nèi),把工件當(dāng)作變壓器的次級(jí)線圈,通過(guò)鐵芯中的磁通的變化,在工件內(nèi)產(chǎn)生周向感應(yīng)電流。
2.69
感應(yīng)電流技術(shù)induced current technique
見電流感應(yīng)技術(shù)(2.32)。
2.70
感應(yīng)磁化induced magnetization
不直接通電使被檢件內(nèi)產(chǎn)生磁場(chǎng)。
2.71
感應(yīng)現(xiàn)象 inductance
鐵磁體在某些外界磁力作用下產(chǎn)生磁性的現(xiàn)象。
2.72
提升力lifting power
磁鐵只借助其磁性的吸力,可提升起某一重量的鐵素體鋼塊的能力。
2.73
線狀顯示linear indications
長(zhǎng)度與寬度之比大于3的磁粉顯示。
2.74
磁力線lines of force
把一塊玻璃平放在條形磁鐵上,再均勻撒上一層細(xì)鐵屑,然后連續(xù)輕敲玻璃,使鐵屑有規(guī)律地排列起來(lái)顯示出磁力線的形狀。
2.75
縱向磁場(chǎng)longitudinal magnetic field
磁感應(yīng)線按部件取向穿越,其方向基本上平行于被檢件縱軸的磁場(chǎng)。
2.76
縱向磁化longitudinal magnetization
以方向基本上與被檢件縱軸平行的磁通,穿越被檢件的磁化。
2.77
磁體magnet
能夠吸引其他鐵磁性材料的物體。
2.78
磁場(chǎng)方向 magnetic aspect
磁力的方向?yàn)榇艌?chǎng)方向,或磁針N極所指的方向。
2.79
磁極化強(qiáng)度magnetic bally intension
單位面積上的磁極強(qiáng)度。
2.80
磁路magnetic circuit
磁感應(yīng)線的回路。
2.81
磁場(chǎng) magnetic field
磁力作用的空間,包括被磁化部件的內(nèi)部及其周圍。
2.82
磁場(chǎng)指示器magnetic flux indicators
用電爐銅焊將8塊低碳鋼與銅片焊在一起,用來(lái)粗略校驗(yàn)磁化方法、磁場(chǎng)方向和有效檢測(cè)區(qū)的一種工具。
2.83
磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度 magnetic field strength
單位正磁極所受的力,或在某一點(diǎn)測(cè)得的磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度,用安培每米表示。
2.84
磁通 magnetic flux
磁路中存在的磁力線總數(shù)。
2.85
磁通密度f(wàn)lux dendity
單位面積法向磁感應(yīng)線數(shù),以特斯拉或高斯表示。
2.86
磁懸液magnetic ink
磁粉和載液按一定比例混和而成的懸浮液體。
2.87
磁性材料magnetic material
能夠被磁場(chǎng)吸引的物質(zhì)。
2.88
磁介質(zhì)magnetic media
能夠影響磁場(chǎng)的物質(zhì)。
2.89
磁粉檢測(cè)magnetic particle testing
磁粉探傷
利用漏磁場(chǎng)與磁粉來(lái)檢測(cè)鐵磁性材料表面和近表面不連續(xù)的一種無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法。
2.90
磁粉檢測(cè)設(shè)備magnetic particle testing equipment
磁粉探傷機(jī)
提供所需電流和磁通以實(shí)施磁粉檢測(cè)的設(shè)備。
2.91
磁粉magnetic particles
能各自被磁化并被漏磁場(chǎng)吸附的鐵磁粉末。
2.92
磁極 magnetic poles
位于磁鐵產(chǎn)生磁場(chǎng)的一端或兩端以及被檢件漏磁場(chǎng)所在位置。
2.93
磁粉顯示 magnetic particle indication
由缺陷引起的漏磁場(chǎng)集聚磁粉而形成的磁粉積聚。
2.94
磁飽和 magnetic saturation
特定材料的磁化程度,達(dá)到飽和后,即使再增加磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度,磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度不再增加。
2.95
磁寫 magnetic writing
已磁化的工件互相接觸或用一鋼塊在一個(gè)已磁化的工件上劃一下,而形成的不相關(guān)磁粉顯示。
2.96
磁性magnetism
能夠吸引鐵磁性物質(zhì)的性質(zhì)。
2.97
磁化 magnetization
使原來(lái)沒(méi)有磁性的物質(zhì)得到磁性的過(guò)程,或?qū)⒉牧系膯蝹€(gè)磁疇按一個(gè)方向整齊排列的過(guò)程。
2.98
磁化曲線 magnetization curve
鐵磁材料的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度與磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度之間變化的曲線。
2.99
磁化電流 magnetizing electric current
通過(guò)或接近被檢件的能產(chǎn)生指定磁場(chǎng)的電流。
2.100
磁力 magnetizing force
磁場(chǎng)對(duì)鐵磁性材料的作用力。
2.101
磁強(qiáng)計(jì)magnetometer
測(cè)量磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度的儀表。
2.102
多方向磁化multidirectional magnetization
用兩個(gè)或多個(gè)不同方向的磁場(chǎng)依次快速地使被檢件磁化。
2.103
近表面不連續(xù)near surface discontinuity
不開口的位于被檢件近表面的不連續(xù)。
2.104
偏心導(dǎo)體法non-central conductor
如果空心工件直徑太大,探傷機(jī)所提供的磁化電流不足以使工件表面達(dá)到所要求的磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度,可采用偏置芯棒法磁化,即將導(dǎo)體穿入工件,并貼近工件內(nèi)表面放置,電流從導(dǎo)體上通過(guò)形成周向磁場(chǎng)。
2.105
非熒光磁粉non-fluorescent magnetic particles
在可見光下觀察磁粉顯示的磁粉。
2.106
奧斯特 oersted
磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度的CGS制單位,現(xiàn)已由SI制單位安培每米(A/m)代替。
2.107
初始磁化曲線original magnetization curve
表征鐵磁性材料磁特性的曲線。
2.108
整體磁化 0verall magnetization
只通電一次即完成被檢件磁化的全部磁化。
2.109
平行磁化parallel magnetization
將可磁化材料與載流導(dǎo)體平行放置,使前者感生磁場(chǎng)的磁化方法。
2.110
順磁性材料paramagnetic material
相對(duì)磁導(dǎo)率略大于1的材料。
2.111
磁粉尺寸particle size
磁粉顆粒的大小。
2.112
永久磁體permanent magnet
一種在外加磁場(chǎng)的有效作用去除后很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間仍然保持磁性的材料。
2.113
磁導(dǎo)率permeability
材料磁化難易程度的參數(shù);或磁通密度與磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度之比(B/H)。
2.114
便攜式設(shè)備portable equipment
具有體積小、重量輕和攜帶方便的磁粉檢測(cè)設(shè)備。
2.115
噴粉器powder blower
利用壓縮空氣將磁粉施加到被檢件表面的器具。
2.116
觸頭prods
將磁化電源發(fā)出的磁化電流傳送到被檢件的手持式電極。
2.117
脈沖磁化pulse magnetization
通常利用電容放電法直接或間接地對(duì)被檢件施加磁場(chǎng)。
2.118
快速斷電quick break
用于高剩磁縱向部件磁粉檢測(cè),能突然切斷磁化電流的器件。僅限制在三相交流全波整流時(shí)采用。
2.119
剩磁 residual magnetic field
外加磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度降為零時(shí),鐵磁材料中殘余的磁場(chǎng)。
2.120
剩磁法 residual technique
磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度切斷之后再給被檢件施加磁粉的方法。
2.121
剛性線圈rigid coil
形狀固定線圈
將工件放在通電線圈中,形成縱向磁場(chǎng)。
2.122
圓狀顯示 rounded indications
長(zhǎng)度與寬度之比不大于3的磁粉顯示。
2.123
頑磁性retentivity
材料保留剩磁大小的性能。
2.124
靈敏度sensitivity
磁粉檢測(cè)能顯示鐵磁材料表面和近表面不連續(xù)的能力。
2.125
沉淀試驗(yàn)settling testing
用來(lái)測(cè)定磁懸液中磁粉濃度的一種方法。
2.126
聚膚效應(yīng) skin effect
采用交流磁化時(shí),磁場(chǎng)集中于鐵磁材料表層的現(xiàn)象。
2.127
專用檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)specialized testing systems
用于檢測(cè)固定形狀工件的磁粉檢測(cè)設(shè)備。
2.128
切線磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度tangential magnetic field strength
平行于被檢工件表面的磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度分量。
2.129
環(huán)形試塊test ring
一般由工具鋼制成的帶有近表面人工不連續(xù)的環(huán)形試件,用以評(píng)價(jià)和對(duì)比磁粉的性能和靈敏度。
2.130
檢測(cè)介質(zhì)testing medium
磁粉檢測(cè)中所用的由氧化鐵材料制成的粉末或磁懸液。
2.131
移動(dòng)式設(shè)備transportable equipment
移動(dòng)式設(shè)備一般裝有滾輪可推動(dòng),或吊裝在車上拉到檢驗(yàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng),對(duì)大型工件檢測(cè)。
2.132
紫外線 ultraviolet radiation
波長(zhǎng)為200 nm~400 nm(2 000 ?~4 000 ?)的電磁輻射。
2.133
載液 vehicle;carrier fluid
用來(lái)懸浮磁粉的液體介質(zhì)。
2.134
可見光visible light
波長(zhǎng)為400 nm~700 nm(4 000 ?~7 000 ?)的電磁波。
2.135
濕法wet method;wet slurry technique
采用懸浮于載液中的磁粉進(jìn)行檢測(cè)的方法。
2.136
磁軛yoke
能在兩極之間被檢件區(qū)域感生磁場(chǎng)的“U”形磁鐵。可以是永久磁鐵、交流或直流電磁鐵。
?
Chinese Index
A
安培 2.5
安培每米 2.6
安匝 2.7
奧斯特 2.106
B
半波整流電流 2.62
便攜式設(shè)備 2.114
C
彩色磁粉 2.22
沉淀試驗(yàn) 2.125
沖擊電流 2.67
初始磁化曲線 2.107
觸頭 2.116
磁飽和 2.94
磁場(chǎng) 2.81
磁場(chǎng)方向 2.78
磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度 2.83
磁場(chǎng)指示器 2.82
磁疇 2.40
磁導(dǎo)率 2.113
磁軛 2.136
磁粉 2.91
磁粉尺寸 2.1 11
磁粉檢測(cè) 2.89
磁粉檢測(cè)設(shè)備 2.90
磁粉探傷 2.89
磁粉探傷機(jī) 2.90
磁粉顯示 2.93
磁化 2.97
磁化電流 2.99
磁化曲線 2.98
磁極 2.92
磁極化強(qiáng)度 2.79
磁介質(zhì) 2.88
磁力 2.100
磁力線 2.74
磁路 2.80
磁強(qiáng)計(jì) 2.101
磁體 2.77
磁通 2.84
磁通量計(jì) 2.58
磁通量密度 2.56
磁通密度 2.85
磁寫 2.95
磁性 2.96
磁性材料 2.87
磁懸液 2.86
磁滯 2.65
磁滯回線 2.66
D
電磁體 2.46
電磁鐵 2.44
電弧 2.8
電弧燒傷 2.9
電極 2.43
電纜纏繞 2.52
電流感應(yīng)技術(shù) 2.32
多方向磁化 2.102
F
反差增強(qiáng)劑 2.24
非熒光磁粉 2.105
G
干磁粉 2.42
干法 2.41
感應(yīng)磁化 2.70
感應(yīng)電流技術(shù) 2.69
感應(yīng)通電 2.68
感應(yīng)現(xiàn)象 2.71
剛性線圈 2.121
高導(dǎo)磁性 2.64
固定設(shè)備 2.49
H
黑暗適應(yīng) 2.33
黑光 2.11
黑光濾波器 2.12
環(huán)形磁化 2.17
環(huán)形試塊 2.129
J
夾頭 2.63
檢測(cè)介質(zhì) 2.130
交叉磁軛 2.29
交流磁場(chǎng) 2.3
交流磁化 2.4
交流電 2.2
交流電磁軛 2.1
矯頑力 2.18
接觸墊襯 2.27
接觸法 2.26
接觸夾頭 2.25
近表面不連續(xù) 2.103
居里點(diǎn) 2.30
聚膚效應(yīng) 2.126
K
抗磁性材料 2.37
可見光 2.134
快速斷電 2.118
L
連續(xù)法 2.28
靈敏度 2.124
漏磁場(chǎng) 2.57
M
脈沖磁化 2.117
P
噴粉器 2.115
偏心導(dǎo)體法 2.104
平行磁化 2.109
Q
切線磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度 2.128
全波直流 2.59
R
柔性線圈 2.52
S
閃點(diǎn) 2.51
剩磁 2.119
剩磁法 2.120
濕法 2.135
順磁性材料 2.1 10
瞬時(shí)磁化 2.50
T
特斯拉 2.60
特斯拉計(jì) 2.61
提升力 2.72
填充系數(shù) 2.48
鐵磁性材料 2.47
通電技術(shù) 2.31
退磁 2.35
退磁場(chǎng) 2.13
退磁線圈 2.36
W
頑磁性 2.123
X
線圈法 2.19
線圈技術(shù) 2.21
線圈通電 2.20
線狀顯示 2.73
形狀固定線圈 2.121
Y
移動(dòng)式設(shè)備 2.131
熒光 2.53
熒光磁粉 2.54
熒光磁粉檢測(cè) 2.55
永久磁體 2.112
有效磁場(chǎng) 2.45
圓周磁場(chǎng) 2.15
圓狀顯示 2.122
Z
載液 2.133
整流電 2.23
整體磁化 2.108
直流磁場(chǎng) 2.39
直流電 2.38
直流電磁軛 2.34
中心導(dǎo)體 2.14
周向磁化 2.16
軸向通電 2.10
專用檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) 2.127
紫外線 2.132
縱向磁場(chǎng) 2.75
縱向磁化 2.76
?
English Index
A
A.C. electromagnet yoke 2.1
alternating current 2.2
alternating current field 2.3
alternating current magnetization 2.4
ampere 2.5
ampere per meter 2.6
ampere turns 2.7
arc 2.8
arc strikes 2.9
axial current flow 2.10
B
black light 2.11
black light filter 2.12
C
cancel magnetic field 2.13
carrier fluid 2.134
central conductor 2.14
circular magnetic field 2.15
circular magnetization 2.16
circumferential magnetization 2.17
coercive force 2.18
coil method 2.19
coil shot 2.20
coil technique 2.21
color magnetic particles 2.22
contact head 2.25
contact method 2.26
contact pad 2.27
continuous technique 2.28
contrast aid paints 2.24
crossed yoke 2.29
curie point 2.30
current flow techniques 2.31
current induction technique 2.32
D
D.C.electromagnet yoke 2.34
dark adaptation 2.33
demagnetization 2.35
demagnetization coil 2.36
diamagnetic material 2.37
direct current 2.38
direct current field 2.39
dry magnetic powder 2.42
dry method 2.41
E
effective magnetic field 2.45
electricity magnet 2.46
electrode 2.43
electromagnet 2.44
F
ferromagnetic material 2.47
fill factor 2.48
fixed installations 2.49
flash magnetization 2.50
flash point 2.51
flexible coil 2.52
fluorescent 2.53
fluorescent magnetic particles 2.54
fluorescent magnetic particles testing 2.55
flux dendity 2.85
flux density 2.56
flux leakage field 2.57
flux meter 2.58
full-wave direct current 2.59
H
half-wave rectified current 2.62
heads 2.63
high permeability 2.64
hysteresis 2.65
hysteresis loop 2.66
induced current flow 2.68
induced current technique 2.69
induced magnetization 2.70
inductance 2.71
L
lifting power 2.72
linear indications 2.73
lines of force 2.74
longitudinal magnetic field 2.75
longitudinal magnetization 2.76
M
magnet 2.77
magnetic aspect 2.78
magnetic bally intension 2.79
magnetic circuit 2.80
magnetic domain 2.40
magnetic field 2.81
magnetic field strength 2.83
magnetic flux 2.84
magnetic flux indicators 2.82
magnetic ink 2.86
magnetic material 2.87
magnetic media 2.88
magnetic particle indication 2.93
magnetic particle testing 2.89
magnetic particle testing equipment 2.90
magnetic particles 2.91
magnetic poles 2.92
magnetic saturation 2.94
magnetic writing 2.95
magnetism 2.96
magnetization 2.97
magnetization curve 2.98
magnetizing electric current 2.99
magnetizing force 2.100
magnetometer 2.101
multidirectional magnetization 2.102
N
near surface discontinuity 2.103
non-central conductor 2.104
non-fluorescent magnetic particles 2.105
O
oersted 2.106
original magnetization curve 2.107
overall magnetization 2.108
P
parallel magnetization 2.109
paramagnetic material 2.110
particle size 2.111
permanent magnet 2.112
permeability 2.113
portable equipment 2.114
powder blower 2.115
prods 2.116
pulse magnetization 2.117
Q
quick break 2.118
R
rectified current 2.23
residual magnetic field 2.119
residual technique 2.120
retentivity 2.123
rigid coil 2.121
rounded indications 2.122
S
sensitivity 2.124
settling testing 2.125
shot impact current 2.67
skin effect 2.126
specialized testing systems 2.127
swinging field 2.128
T
tangential magnetic field strength 2.129
tesla 2.60
tesla meter 2.61
test ring 2.130
testing medium 2.131
transportable equipment 2.132
U
ultraviolet radiation 2.133
V
vehicle 2.134
visible light 2.135
W
wet method 2.136
wet slurry technique 2.136
Y
yoke 2.137