1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for mobile crane driver's cabs as defined in ISO 4306-2.
This document applies to drivers' cabs for crane operations.
This document does not apply to drivers' cabs for road travel.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text. Where a reference is dated, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; where a reference is not dated, the latest version (including all amendment sheets) applies to this document.
ISO 7752-2 Cranes-Control layout and characteristics-Part 2: Mobile cranes (Cranes-Control layout and characteristics-Part 2 : Basic arrangement and requirements for mobile cranes)
ISO 8566-1 Crane driver's cabs and control stations-Part 1: General (Cranes-Cabins and control stations-Part 1: General)
ISO 11660-2 Cranes- Access, guards and restraints-Part 2 ; Mobile cranes
3 Terminology and definitions
There are no terms and definitions that need to be defined in this document.
4 General requirements
4.1 The general requirements for mobile crane driver's cabs apply to the operation of cranes that carry out lifting operations and travel on site.
4.2 The general requirements for the driver's cab, including those relating to visibility, noise and vibration, shall be in accordance with the requirements of ISO 8566-1.
5 Structure of the driver's cab
5.1 The structure of the driver's cab enclosure shall protect the operator's console from the effects of weather.
5.2 Driver's cabs with a forward, upper and, in accordance with the structural requirements, either side view shall be provided with glazed windows at the front, top and sides. The front view shall include a vertical range sufficient to cover the end points of the boom at all times. Where the driver's cab is mounted on the frame and the boom is capable of slewing independently of the cab for more than 180*, glazed windows shall be provided in all directions in the driver's cab.
Glass wipers shall be fitted to the front and top windows.
If required, the front or top window may be equipped with a window that can be easily removed or kept open. If this window is of a type that remains open, it shall be capable of being secured to prevent accidental closure.
The driver's room window shall be fitted with a latch to prevent the window from being opened from outside the driver's room.
Windows close to the moving boom or lifting mechanism shall be restricted in the angle of opening or shall be equipped with a guard to limit the extension of the head and/or arm through the window or opening.
Windows in the driver's compartment shall have permanent transparency and be made of safety glass or its equivalent. The transparency shall not be affected by natural light and shall be able to withstand mechanical shocks. 5.2 The crane shall be protected by a protective cover.
5.3 The door of the driver's cab, whether of the sliding or pivoting type, shall prevent accidental opening and closing during crane movement or operation. Doors close to the driver should open outwards if they are of the swivel type and slide backwards if they are of the sliding type.
The exit door from the operator's console to the driver's side shall be provided with clear access.
The driver's compartment door shall be fitted with a lock or locking device to restrict access to the driver's compartment by uninvolved persons.
5.4 Where access to the top of the driver's cab is required for installation or maintenance, ladders or steps shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of ISO 11660-2.
5.5 A device for keeping the operator's manual and other crane information and instructions as specified by the manufacturer shall be provided in the driver's cab.
5.6 Facilities for the installation and storage of fire extinguishers shall be provided in the driver's cabin.
5.7 The dimensions of the driver's cab as specified in Figure 1 are the minimum requirements for a single person driver's cab, if possible larger. The minimum clear height should be 1300mm, the clear width 790mm and the clear depth (through the seat calibration point SIP) 1300mm.
5.8 A driver's compartment designed to accommodate the operator and other personnel:
a) The space for the operator shall have the minimum dimensions required in 5.7;
b) For each occupied space, it shall have the minimum net dimensions of 1300 mm in height, 790 mm in width and 900 mm in depth.
5.9 The driver's compartment shall be provided with the main entrance and exit equipment. Components of the main entrance/exit equipment, such as steps, ladders and handrails, shall comply with the requirements of ISO 11660-2.
5.10 The driver's compartment shall be provided with optional access points other than the main access point in accordance with the requirements of ISO 11660-2.
6 Driver's cab seating
6.1 Separate driver's cab seats shall be provided for the operator and each intended passenger.
6.2 The seat shall :
a) be securely mounted and have the minimum dimensions given in Figure 2;
b) be in a suitable working position for the driver, be adjustable horizontally and vertically to a suitable position without tools and then be locked in place;.
c) be fitted with a tilting backrest of the right shape and supporting the back;
d) fitted with springs and cushions to isolate or dampen vibrations when required;
e) be of sufficient rigidity in construction and base to allow the driver to apply the necessary forces to all controls without significant movement;
f) Constructed to allow direct and easy access.
When the driver's cab of a tyre crane is used for both crane operations and travel, each seat should be equipped with a safety belt. For tyre cranes where the driver's cab is used only for crane operations, seat belts are not required.
7 Control elements
The general principles for the arrangement and characteristics of control elements shall be in accordance with ISO 7752-2.
8 Information
The following information shall be provided in clearly visible text and graphics on a sturdy and durable item, which shall be securely fixed in a position in the crane driver's cab so that it can be easily seen by the operator when sitting at the operator's console:
a) A chart of the rated lifting capacity;
9 Lighting of the driver's cab
9.1 The driver's compartment shall be illuminated so that all information in the driver's compartment, such as crane instructions, signs, labels or rated load charts, can be easily identified during crane operation.
9.2 Artificial lighting shall be provided in the driver's cab by fixed lighting devices.
Bibliography
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terminology and definitions
4 General requirements
5 Structure of the driver's cab
6 Driver's cab seating
7 Control elements
8 Information
9 Lighting of the driver's cab
Bibliography
1范圍
本文件規(guī)定了按ISO 4306-2定義的流動式起重機司機室的要求。
本文件適用于起重機作業(yè)用的司機室。
本文件不適用于道路行駛用的司機室。
2規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中,注日期的引用文件,僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
ISO 7752-2起重機械控制裝置布置形式和特性第2部分:流動式起重機(Cranes-Control layout and characteristics-Part 2 : Basic arrangement and requirements for mobile cranes)
ISO 8566-1起重機司機室和控制站第1部分:總則(Cranes-Cabins and control stations-Part 1:General)
ISO 11660-2起重機通道及安全防護設(shè)施第2部分:流動式起重機(Cranes- Access, guards and restraints-Part 2 ; Mobile cranes)
3術(shù)語和定義
本文件沒有需要界定的術(shù)語和定義。
4一般要求
4.1流動式起重機司機室的-般要求適用于進行起升作業(yè)和在工地上行駛的起重機的操作。
4.2司機室的一般要求,包含有關(guān)視野、噪聲和振動的要求,應(yīng)符合ISO 8566-1的要求。
5司機室結(jié)構(gòu)
5.1司機室外殼的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)保護操作臺不受天氣的影響。
5.2具有前方、上方以及符合結(jié)構(gòu)要求的任一側(cè)視野的司機室應(yīng)在前部、頂部及兩側(cè)裝有玻璃窗。前方視野應(yīng)包括任何時候足以覆蓋臂架端點的垂直范圍。當(dāng)司機室安裝在車架上且臂架能夠獨立于司機室超過180*回轉(zhuǎn)時,應(yīng)在司機室的各個方向裝設(shè)玻璃窗。
前窗及頂窗上應(yīng)裝有玻璃刮水器。.
如果需要，前窗或頂窗可配備一扇易于拆卸或保持敞開的窗戶。如果這扇窗戶是保持在敞開位置的型式,則它應(yīng)能夠被固定,以防止意外關(guān)閉.
司機室窗戶應(yīng)裝有防止從司機室外打開窗戶的插銷。
靠近運動臂架或起升機構(gòu)的窗戶應(yīng)限制其打開的角度或應(yīng)裝有限制頭和/或手臂伸出窗戶、開口的防護裝置.
司機室的窗戶應(yīng)具有永久的透明度,該窗戶由安全玻璃或與其相當(dāng)?shù)牟牧现瞥?。在自然光下不影響透明?并能承受機械沖擊。，
5.3在起重機行駛或作業(yè)期間,司機室的門,不管是滑動型還是轉(zhuǎn)動型，應(yīng)阻止意外開閉?？拷緳C的門，如果是轉(zhuǎn)動型的,應(yīng)向外開,如果是滑動型的,應(yīng)向后滑動開啟。
從操作臺至司機側(cè)面的出人口應(yīng)設(shè)有暢通的通道。
司機室的門應(yīng)裝有門鎖或鎖緊裝置以限制無關(guān)人員進入司機室。
5.4如果需要接近司機室頂部進行安裝或維修,應(yīng)根據(jù)ISO11660-2的要求設(shè)置梯子或臺階。
5.5在司機室里應(yīng)設(shè)置保存操作手冊及由制造商指定的其他起重機資料及說明書的裝置。
5.6在司機室里應(yīng)設(shè)置安裝及儲存滅火器的設(shè)施。
5.7圖1中規(guī)定的司機室尺寸是單人司機室的最低要求，如有可能,宜更大一些。最小凈高度應(yīng)為1300mm,凈寬度為790mm,凈深度(穿過座椅標(biāo)定點SIP)1300mm。
5.8設(shè)計用于容納操作人員和其他人員的司機室:
a) 操作者的空間應(yīng)具有5.7中的最小尺寸要求;
b)對于每個占用空間,應(yīng)具有最小的凈尺寸,即:高1300 mm、寬790 mm及深度900 mm.
5.9應(yīng)為司機室提供主要的出人口設(shè)備。主要出入口設(shè)備的部件，如臺階、梯子及扶手應(yīng)符合ISO 11660-2的要求。
5.10司機室應(yīng)根據(jù) ISO 11660-2的要求備有除主要出人口之外的其他設(shè)施作為可選擇的出人口。
6司機室座椅
6.1應(yīng)為操作者和每個預(yù)定乘客提供獨立的司機室座椅。
6.2座椅應(yīng) :
a)安裝牢固且具有圖2中給出的最小尺寸;
b)使司機處于一個合適的工作位置,不用工具就可水平和垂直調(diào)整至合適的位置,然后鎖緊;.
c) 裝有一個具有合適形狀并支承后背的傾斜靠背;
d)在需要時,裝有彈簧和軟墊以隔離或減弱振動;
e)在結(jié)構(gòu)和底座上具有足夠的剛度以允許司機將必要的力施加于所有控制裝置上,而不會發(fā)生顯著的移動;
f)在構(gòu)造上允許直接而方便地進出。
輪胎式起重機的司機室既用于起重機作業(yè)又用于行駛時,應(yīng)為每個座椅配置安全帶。對于輪胎式起重機的司機室僅用于起重機作業(yè)時,不需要配置安全帶。
7控制元件
控制元件的布置和特性的一般原則應(yīng)符合ISO 7752-2的規(guī)定。
8信息
在堅固而耐久的物品上用清晰可見的文字及圖形提供下列信息，該信息應(yīng)牢固地固定在起重機司機室中某一位置,使操作者坐在操作臺前就能容易看到:
a)額定起重量圖表;
9司機室的照明
9.1司機室應(yīng)設(shè)有照明,使得在起重機工作期間，司機室內(nèi)的所有信息,如起重機說明書、標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽或額定起重量圖表易于識別。
9.2在司機室內(nèi)應(yīng)由固定的照明裝置提供人工照明。
參考文獻
