GB/T 34989-2017
Connectors- Safety requirements and tests
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical information (electrical ratings), classification, structural requirements, performance and tests for the connectors.
This standard applies to connectors with rated voltages above 50 V and up to 1000 V a.c. and d.c. and rated currents up to 125 A per contact, for which either no detail specification (DS) exists or the DS calls up this standard for safety aspects.
For connectors with rated voltage up to 50 V, this standard may be used as a guide. In this case, reference is made to GB/T 16935.1 for clearance and creepage distances.
This standard may also be used as a guide for connectors with rated current higher than 125 A per contact.
This standard does not apply to connectors in or on equipment where applicable specific safety requirements for connectors exist.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2421.1 Environmental testing - General and guidance (GB/T 2421.1-2008, IEC 60068-1:1988, IDT)
GB/T 2423.53 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2:Test methods - Test Xb: Abrasion of markings and letterings caused by rubbing of fingers and hands (GB/T 2423.53-2005, IEC 60068-2-70:1995, IDT)
GB/T 3956-2008 Conductors of insulated cables (IEC 60228:2004, IDT)
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC 60529:2013, IDT)
GB/T 4210 Electrotechnical terminology - Electromechanical components for electronic equipment (GB/T 4210-2015, IEC 60050-581:2008, IDT)
GB/T 5095.1 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 1: General (GB/T 5095.1-1997, idt IEC 60512-1)
GB/T 5095.2 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 2: General examination, electrical continuity and contact resistance tests, insulation tests and voltage stress tests (GB/T 5095.2-1997, idt IEC 60512-2)
GB/T 5095.3 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 3: Current-carrying capacity tests (GB/T 5095.3-1997, idt IEC 60512-3)
GB/T 5095.5 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 5: Impact tests (free components), static load test (fixed components), endurance tests and overload tests (GB/T 5095.5-1997, idt IEC 60512-5)
GB/T 5095.11 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 11: Climatic tests (GB/T 5095.11-1997, idt IEC 60512-11-1, IEC 60512-11-7, IEC 60512-11-8)
GB/T 5465.2 Graphical symbols for use on electrical equipment - Part 2: Graphical symbols (GB/T 5465.2-2008, IEC 60417:2007, IDT)
GB/T 9789-2008 Metallic and other non-organic coatings - Sulfur dioxide test with general condensation of moisture (ISO 6988:1985, IDT)
GB/T 13140.4-2008 Connecting devices for low voltage circuits for household and similar purposes - Part 2: Particular requirements for connecting devices as separate entities with insulation piercing clamping units (IEC 60998-2-3:2002, IDT)
GB/T 16842 Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures - Probe for verification (GB/T 16842-2008, IEC 61032:1997, IDT)
GB/T 16895.21 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock (GB16895.21-2011, IEC 60364-4-41:2005, IDT)
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests (IEC 60664-1:2007, IDT)
GB/T 16935.5-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 5: Comprehensive method for determining clearances and creepage distances equal to or less than 2mm (IEC 60664-5:2007, IDT)
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment (GB/T 17045-2008, IEC 61140:2001, IDT)
GB/T 18290.2 Solderless connections - Part 2: Crimped connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance (GB/T 18290.2-2015, IEC 60352-2:2006, IDT)
GB/T 18290.3-2000 Solderless connections - Part 3: Solderless accessible insulation displacement connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance (IEC 60352-3:1993, IDT)
GB/T 18290.4-2000 Solderless connections - Part 4: Solderless non-accessible insulation displacement connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance (IEC 60352-4:1994, IDT)
GB/T 18290.5 Solderless connections - Part 5: Solderless press-in connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance (GB/T 18290.5-2015, IEC 60352-5:2003, IDT)
GB/T 20636-2006 Connecting device - Electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units - Particular requirements for conductors above 35 mm2 up to 300 mm2 (IEC 60999-2:2003, IDT)
EN 50262:1998 Cable glands for electrical installations
IEC 60352-1 Solderless connections - Part 1: Wrapped connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance
IEC 60352-6 Solderless connections - Part 6: Insulation piercing connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance
IEC 60352-7 Solderless connections - Part 7: Spring clamp connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance
IEC 60760 Flat, quick-connect terminations
IEC 60999-1:1999 Connecting devices - Electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units - Part 1: General requirements and particular requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0.2 mm2 up to 35 mm2 (included)
IEC 61210 Connecting devices - Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 4210 and the following apply.
3.1
connector
component which terminates conductors for the purpose of providing connection to and disconnection from a suitable mating component
3.2
free connector
connector for attachment to the free end of a wire or cable
3.3
fixed connector
connector for attachment to a rigid surface
3.4
rewirable connector
connector so constructed that the cable or wire can be replaced
3.5
non-rewirable connector
connector so constructed that the cable cannot be separated from the connector without making it permanently useless
3.6
enclosed connector
connector for which the protection against electric shock is ensured by the housing of the connector itself
3.7
unenclosed connector
connector with no protection against electric shock
Note: The protection against electric shock is provided by e.g. the enclosure of the equipment in which the unenclosed connector is deemed to be mounted, in accordance with the applicable product safety standard.
3.8
connector with breaking capacity; CBC
connector specially designed to be engaged or disengaged in normal use when live or under load
Note 1: In this standard, the term “l(fā)ive” is used if contacts are under an applied voltage, but not necessarily carrying current. The term “l(fā)oad” is used if a current is flowing through the contacts.
Note 2: In this standard, CBC is used only if requirements refer to connectors with a specified breaking capacity.
3.9
connector without breaking capacity; COC
connector which is not deemed to be engaged or disengaged in normal use when live or under load
3.10
connector for class II equipment
connector in which the protection against indirect contact is realised by double or reinforced insulation
Note: Class II according to GB/T 17045.
3.11
intended use
application conditions of connectors which are included within the permissible rated values and environmental conditions and characteristics assigned by the detail specification (DS)
3.12
interlock
device, either electrical or mechanical, which prevents the contacts of a connector from becoming live before it is in proper engagement with its counterpart, and which either prevents the connector from being withdrawn while its contacts are live or makes the contacts dead before separation
3.13
cycle of mechanical operation
one insertion and one withdrawal of the connector with its counterpart
3.14
clamping unit
part(s) of the terminal necessary for the mechanical clamping and the electrical connection of the conductor(s), including the parts which are necessary to ensure the correct contact pressure
3.15
upper limiting temperature
ULT
maximum permissible operating temperature for the connector defined according to the determined climatic category in the connector specification
Note 1: At ambient temperature equal to ULT, the available temperature rise due to current flow is zero, thus the current carrying capacity of the connector is zero.
Note 2: The ULT of a connector is covered by the climatic category as defined in GB/T 2421.1, together with the LLT and the duration of the damp heat test.
3.16
lower limiting temperature
LLT
minimum permissible operating temperature for the connector defined according to the determined climatic category in the connector specification
Note: The LLT of a connector is covered by the climatic category as defined in GB/T 2421.1, together with the ULT and the duration of the damp heat test.
3.17
clearance
shortest distance in air between two conductive parts
3.18
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of the solid insulating material between two conductive parts
3.19
overvoltage category
numeral defining a transient overvoltage condition
Note: Overvoltage categories I, II, III and IV are used.
3.20
pollution
any addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid, or gaseous that can result in a reduction of electric strength or surface resistivity of the insulation
3.21
pollution degree
numeral characterizing the expected pollution of the micro-environment
Note: Pollution degrees 1, 2, 3 and 4 are used.
3.22
rated voltage
value of voltage assigned by the manufacturer to the component, electric appliance or equipment and to which operation and performance characteristics are referred
Note: Equipment may have more than one rated voltage value or have rated voltage range.
3.23
rated insulation voltage
r.m.s. withstand voltage value assigned by the manufacturer to the equipment or components, characterizing the specified (long term) withstand capability of its insulation
Note: The rated insulation voltage is not necessarily equal to the rated voltage, which is primarily related to operation performance.
3.24
rated impulse voltage
voltage value assigned by the manufacturer to the connector, characterising the specified withstand capability of its insulation against transient overvoltages
3.25
impulse withstand voltage
highest peak value of impulse voltage of prescribed form and polarity which does not cause breakdown of insulation under specified conditions
3.26
r.m.s withstand voltage
r.m.s. value of a sinusoidal power frequency voltage that the equipment can withstand when a voltage withstand test is conducted under specified conditions and for the specified duration
Note: The impulse withstand voltage is equal to or higher than the rated impulse voltage.
3.27
rated current
current value assigned by the manufacturer, which the connector can carry continuously (without interruption) and simultaneously through all its contacts wired with the largest specified conductor, preferably at an ambient temperature of 40 °C, without the upper limiting temperature being exceeded
Note: If other ambient temperature values are used for the definition of the rated current, the manufacturer should state, in the technical documentation, the ambient temperature on which the rating is based, with reference, if appropriate, to the derating curve defined in GB/T 5095.3, test 5b.
3.28
breaking capacity
value of current which the CBC can make and break under specified voltage, conditions of use and operating conditions
3.29
functional insulation
insulation between conductive parts which is necessary only for the proper functioning of the equipment
3.30
basic insulation
insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides basic protection
Note: The basic insulation does not apply to insulation used exclusively for functional purposes.
3.31
internal insulation
part of a basic insulation providing the required clearance and creepage distances inside a conductive housing or enclosure
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Technical information (electrical ratings)
5 Classification
5.1 General
5.2 Classification according to protection against electric shock
5.3 Classification according to the style of connector
5.4 Classification according to additional characteristics of connectors
6 Constructional requirements and performance
6.1 General
6.2 Marking and identification
6.3 Provision against incorrect mating (non-intermateable)
6.4 Protection against electric shock
6.5 Earthing protection
6.6 Terminations and connection methods
6.7 Interlock
6.8 Resistance to ageing
6.9 General design
6.10 Design of a CBC
6.11 Design of a free connector
6.12 Degree of protection (IP Code)
6.13 Dielectric strength
6.14 Mechanical and electrical durability
6.15 Temperature limits
6.16 Temperature rise
6.17 Cable clamp
6.18 Mechanical strength
6.19 Clearances and creepage distances
6.20 Insulation
6.21 Protection against corrosion
7 Tests
7.1 General
7.2 Preparation of specimens
7.3 Performance of tests
7.4 In-process test schedule (routine test) for non-rewirable free connectors
7.5 Test schedule
Annex A (Informative) Information to be specified in detail specification
Annex B (Informative) Auxiliary information on connector classification
Bibliography
Figure 1 Test arrangements for temperature rise tests
Figure 2 Device for the bending test
Table 1 Minimum cross-sectional area of the protective conductor or the connection to inactive accessible metal parts
Table 2 Compliant termination and connection methods
Table 3 Tests on connections and terminations
Table 4 Mechanical and electrical durability
Table 5 Temperature limits
Table 6 Values for cable clamp testing
Table 7 Values for cable clamp testing
Table 8 Test voltage
Table 9 Plan of specimens required for tests
Table 10 Mechanical test group A
Table 11 Service durability test group B
Table 12 Thermal test group C
Table 13 Climatic test group D
Table 14 Degree of protect test group E
Table B.1 Scheme of connectors
Table B.2 Help for the classification of connectors
