GB/T 39560.2-2024 Detemination of certain substances in electrical and electronic products - Part 2: Disassembly, disjointment and mechanical sample preparation
Warning - Personnel using this document should have practical experience in regular laboratory work. This document does not point out all possible safety issues. Users are responsible for taking appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring that the conditions stipulated by relevant national laws and regulations are met.
1 Scope
This document provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of the IEC 62321 series. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and can be updated on a regular basis. This document describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance of concern.
This document does not provide:
——full guidance on each and every product that could be classified as electrotechnical product. Since there is a huge variety of electrotechnical parts, with various structures and compositions, along with the continuous innovations in the industry, it is unrealistic to attempt to provide procedures for the disjointment of every type of part;
——guidance regarding other routes to gather additional information on certain substances in a product, although the information collected has relevance to the sampling strategies in this document;
——safe disassembly and mechanical disjointment instructions related to electrotechnical products (e.g. mercury-containing switches) and the recycling industry (e.g. how to handle CRTs or the safe removal of batteries). See IEC 62554 for the disjointment and mechanical sample preparation of mercury-containing fluorescent lamps;
——sampling procedures for packaging and packaging materials;
——analytical procedures to measure the levels of certain substances. This is covered by other standards (e.g. other parts of the IEC 62321 series), which are referred to as "test standards" in this document;
——guidelines for assessment of compliance.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 62321 (all parts) Determination of certain substances in electrotechnical products
Note: GB/T 39560 (all parts), Determination of certain substances in electrical and electronic products
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 62321 (all parts) and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
——IEC Electropedia:available at http://www.electropedia.org/
——ISO Online browsing platform:available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
composite testing
testing of two or more materials as a single sample that could be mechanically disjointed if necessary
3.1.2
certain substance
substance subject to test methods developed or under development in IEC 62321 (all parts)
Note 1: IEC 62321-1 includes test methods for the evaluation of each of the substances identified in the definition above.
Note 2: Such as cadmium, lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl, polybrominated diphenyl ether, phthalates
3.1.3
disassembly
process whereby an itemistaken apart in such a way that it could subsequently be reassembled and made operational
3.1.4
disjointment
process whereby materials are separated by mechanical means such that the item cannot subsequently be reassembled to make it operational
3.1.5
homogeneous material
one material of uniform composition throughout or a material,consisting of a combination of materials, that cannot be disjointed or separated into different materials by mechanical actions such as unscrewing, cutting, crushing, grinding and abrasive processes
[SOURCE: GB/T 26572-2011, 3.3]
3.1.6
sampling
process of obtaining a sample of an electrotechnical product intended for the analysis for the presence of certain substance(s)
3.2 Abbreviated terms
AC: alternating current
BGA: ball grid array
CRT: cathode ray tube (television)
DVD: digital versatile disc
EEE: electrical and electronic equipment
HBCDD: hexabromocyclododecane
IC: integrated circuit
ICP-MS: inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
ICP-OES: inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy
JEDEC: Joint Electronic Devices Engineering Council
LCD: liquid crystal display
LED: light-emitting diode
LOT: line output transformer
MDL: method detection limit
OEM: original equipment manufacturer
OLED: organic light-emitting diode
PAE: phthalate
PAH: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
PBB: polybrominated bipheny
PBDE: polybrominated diphenyl ethers
PCB: printed circuit board
PCBA: printed circuit board assembly
PDA: personal digital assistant
SCART: Syndicat francais des constructeurs d'appareils radio ettelevision
SIM: subscriber identity module
SMD: surface mounted device
TCEP: tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate
TFT: thin film transistor
TV: television
USB: universal serial bus
XRF: X-ray fluorescence
4 Introduction to sampling
4.1 Introductory remarks
Testing of certain substances in products is performed for different reasons including:
——commercial release of a product (e.g. in fulfillment of a contractual agreement between an OEM and a part manufacturer);
——assessment of conformity with regulatory limits;
——forensics, in case non-conformity is questioned (why the product does not satisfy contractual or legal requirements, when did this happen, and how many products are affected).
Appropriate sampling is crucial when analysing electrotechnical products for the presence of certain substances. The strategy and process of sampling are often as important as the analytical test itself. Hence an effective sampling strategy requires a clear understanding of the electrotechnical product, reasons for the analysis and the requirements to be met.
4.2 Requirements for certain substances
While many regulators, industries and other stakeholders have their own, often non-uniform requirements for certain substances, it is not the intention of this document to discuss fully these differences. However, awareness of different requirements for certain substances is an important step in the sampling strategy. Subclause 4.2 highlights the differences in requirements concerning certain substances.
——Geographical differences: not all geographies (e.g. country or region) impose a restriction to the same substances. For example, some regions have chosen to restrict the use of only a few specific PBDE compounds, while others have a broader restriction regarding this class of flame-retardants. When sampling a product or part, it is critical to keep in mind what the differences are in the applicable legal requirements across geographies.
——Allowable limits: the typical allowable levels of certain substances in many legislations are below 1000 mg/kg. Some certain substances have their limits set to even lower levels, like 100 mg/kg. For some material types, limits for certain substances may be above 1000 mg/kg, for example lead in copper and aluminum alloys.
——Applicability of the allowable level: the manner in which the allowable level of certain substances is applied to an electrotechnical product determines the sampling strategy and how the test results are interpreted. Many regulators apply their allowable limits to homogeneous materials. However, the interpretation of homogeneous material is not consistent across the different regions.
——Applicable exemptions: some types of electrotechnical products are exempt from certain substances requirements. These exemptions may be based on different rationales including the scope of the restrictions (e.g. for military purposes), the application of the material (e.g. high melting temperaturesolder), (maximum) amount of a certain substance in the product, or the electrical properties of the product.
