Road vehicles—Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment for drive system of electric propulsion vehicles—Part 5: Chemical loads
Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment for drive system of electric propulsion vehicles — Part 5: Chemical loads
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the electric propulsion systems and components with maximum working voltages according to voltage class B. It describes the potential environmental stresses and specifies tests and requirements of chemical loads recommended for different stress levels on/in the vehicle.
This document is applicable to the electric propulsion systems and components with maximum working voltages according to voltage class B.
This document does not apply to high voltage battery packs (e.g. for traction) and systems and components inside.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 42284.1 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment for drive system of electric propulsion vehicles - Part 1: General (GB/T 42284.1-2022, ISO 19453-1:2018, MOD)
GB/T 42284.4 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment for drive system of electric propulsion vehicles - Part 4: Climatic loads (GB/T 42284.4-2022, ISO 19453-4:2018, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 42284.1 apply.
4 Tests
4.1 General
Components and associated parts that can come into contact with the specified chemical agents shall be resistant to those agents. A material is considered to be immune to a contaminant if there is no change in properties sufficient to affect material performances over the time and at the temperature specified in this clause. The components and associated parts shall be tested with all agents they are likely to come into contact with, except for those materials which can be shown by documentary evidence to be immune to the contaminant and which need not be tested.
Manufacturer and type of chemical agents shall be agreed upon between supplier and customer. The composition description listed in Annex A is for reference.
Resistance to the specified chemical agents shall be considered as early as possible during the material selection process.
4.2 Purpose
The purpose of the test is to determine whether the device under test (DUT) is unacceptably affected by temporary exposure to contaminating agents.
Note: this test is not intended to be a life test.
4.3 General test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the DUT shall be stored at a room temperature (RT) of (23 ± 5)°C and a relative humidity (RH) of between 25% and 75%. Chemical agents shall be selected as defined in Table 1, depending on the mounting location of the DUT. One test cycle with one agent per DUT shall be performed. Any other number of cycles may be agreed between the customer and the supplier.
Note: If the size of the DUT is sufficient, multiple test agents can be applied partially on one DUT provided that these do not have any influence on each other.
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Foreword II
Introduction IV
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Tests
Annex A (Informative) Composition of chemical agents
Bibliography
道路車輛 電動(dòng)汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)用電氣及
電子設(shè)備的環(huán)境條件和試驗(yàn)
第5部分:化學(xué)負(fù)荷
1 范圍
本文件規(guī)定了最大工作電壓為B級(jí)電壓的電驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和部件的要求,描述了潛在的環(huán)境應(yīng)力、試驗(yàn)和車輛上或車輛內(nèi)不同應(yīng)力等級(jí)下化學(xué)負(fù)荷的推薦要求。
本文件適用于最大工作電壓為B級(jí)電壓的電驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和部件。
本文件不適用于高壓電池包(如動(dòng)力電池包)和系統(tǒng)或內(nèi)部部件。
2 規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中,注日期的引用文件,僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 42284.1 道路車輛 電動(dòng)汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)用電氣及電子設(shè)備的環(huán)境條件和試驗(yàn) 第1部分:一般規(guī)定(GB/T 42284.1—2022,ISO 19453-1:2018,MOD)
GB/T 42284.4 道路車輛 電動(dòng)汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)用電氣及電子設(shè)備的環(huán)境條件和試驗(yàn) 第4部分:氣候負(fù)荷(GB/T 42284.4—2022,ISO 19453-4:2018,MOD)
3 術(shù)語和定義
GB/T 42284.1界定的術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。
4 試驗(yàn)
4.1 一般規(guī)定
電氣電子系統(tǒng)/部件應(yīng)對(duì)規(guī)定的化學(xué)負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)具有耐受能力,即在規(guī)定的溫度條件下進(jìn)行規(guī)定時(shí)間的試驗(yàn)后材料沒有發(fā)生特性變化。如無其他報(bào)告證明其對(duì)接觸到的化學(xué)負(fù)荷具有耐受能力,電氣電子系統(tǒng)/部件應(yīng)使用可能接觸到的所有試劑進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。
化學(xué)試劑的型號(hào)和供應(yīng)商可由供需雙方協(xié)商,附錄A列出的成分描述供參考。
在選材過程中,應(yīng)提前考慮材料對(duì)指定化學(xué)試劑的耐受能力。
4.2 目的
檢驗(yàn)受試裝置(DUT)暴露在試劑污染中的耐受能力。
注:本試驗(yàn)不作為壽命試驗(yàn)。
4.3 通用試驗(yàn)條件
如無其他規(guī)定,DUT應(yīng)在(23±5)℃和相對(duì)濕度為25%~75%的室溫(RT)下進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),根據(jù)DUT的安裝位置按表1確定化學(xué)試劑,每個(gè)DUT用一種試劑進(jìn)行一個(gè)試驗(yàn)循環(huán)。其他試驗(yàn)循環(huán)數(shù)可由供需雙方協(xié)商確定。
注:如果DUT的尺寸足夠大,且能確保不互相影響,允許在1個(gè)樣品上進(jìn)行多個(gè)試劑的試驗(yàn)。
表1 DUT安裝位置
ID(試劑代碼) 化學(xué)試劑 安裝位置代碼a 暴露條件
動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)部位[A]b 乘客艙[B]b 行李艙[C]b 外部安裝[D]b 溫度/℃ 持續(xù)時(shí)間
AA 柴油 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c c c Tmaxd 22h
AB 生物柴油 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c c c Tmaxd 22h
AC 汽油/無鉛汽油 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c c c RT 10min
AD 煤油 c c Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c RT 10min
AE 甲醇 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c c RT 10min
BA 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)機(jī)油 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c c c Tmaxd 22h
BB 差速器油 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c c Tmaxd 22h
BC 變速器油 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c c Tmaxd 22h
BD 液壓油 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c c c Tmaxd 22h
BE 油脂 Ⅱ c c c Tmaxd 22h
BF 硅樹脂油 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ c Tmaxd 22h
CA 蓄電池電解液 Ⅱ、Ⅳ Ⅱ、Ⅳ Ⅱ、Ⅳ c RT 22h
CB 制動(dòng)液 Ⅱ、Ⅳ c c c Tmaxd 22h
CC 防凍液 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c c Tmaxd 22h
CD 尿素水溶液 Ⅱ、Ⅳ c c Ⅱ、Ⅳ Tmaxd 22h
CE 空腔防護(hù)物 c c c Ⅱ RT 22h
CF 防護(hù)蠟 Ⅰ c c Ⅰ RT 22h
CG 防護(hù)蠟清洗劑 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ Tmaxd 22h
DA 風(fēng)擋玻璃清洗劑 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ c Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ RT 2h
DB 車用化學(xué)清洗劑 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ RT 2h
DC 內(nèi)飾清潔劑 c Ⅰ、Ⅱ Ⅰ、Ⅱ c RT 2h
DD 玻璃清潔劑 c Ⅰ、Ⅱ Ⅰ、Ⅱ Ⅰ、Ⅱ RT 2h
DE 車輪清洗劑 c c c Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ RT 2h
DF 低溫清潔試劑 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ RT 22h
DG 丙酮 c Ⅰ、Ⅱ c c RT 10min
DH 清潔劑溶劑 Ⅰ、Ⅱ c c c RT 10min
DJ 含氨清洗劑 c Ⅱ、Ⅳ Ⅱ、Ⅳ Ⅱ、Ⅳ RT 22h
DK 工業(yè)酒精 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ RT 10min
DL 堿性洗滌劑 Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ c c Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ RT 22h
EA 接觸式噴霧劑 Ⅰ、Ⅱ c c c Tmaxd 22h
EB 揮發(fā)物 c Ⅱ、Ⅳ c c RT 22h
EC 化妝品 c Ⅱ Ⅱ c RT 22h
ED 含咖啡因和糖的飲料 c Ⅱ、Ⅲ c c RT 22h
EE 道路融雪劑 Ⅰ、Ⅲ c c Ⅰ、Ⅲ RT 2h
EF 咖啡伴侶 c Ⅱ、Ⅲ c c RT 22h
YY 附加試劑 c c c c c c
a 潤(rùn)濕方法代號(hào)(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ)見表2,有多種潤(rùn)濕方法時(shí)可選其中任意方法。
b 代碼A、B、C、D由安裝位置確定,由供需雙方確定是否選用代碼Z。
c 不做要求。
d 溫度Tmax應(yīng)與GB/T 42284.4保持一致。
4.4 DUT條件
如無其他規(guī)定,DUT應(yīng)在室溫環(huán)境下放置至穩(wěn)定。
DUT應(yīng)在正常使用條件下進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。如果需要,應(yīng)去掉DUT上的非典型涂層或污染物。如需專用清理程序,清理方法由供需雙方協(xié)商。
4.5 試劑條件
如無其他規(guī)定,所有試劑在室溫下穩(wěn)定后用于DUT。
4.6 操作方法
根據(jù)選擇的試劑,按表2選擇潤(rùn)濕方法,確保將DUT的受試區(qū)充分潤(rùn)濕。
推薦的潤(rùn)濕方法見表1。
表2 潤(rùn)濕方法代號(hào)
潤(rùn)濕方法代號(hào) 方法
Ⅰ 噴霧
Ⅱ 擦刷/抹刷(棉布)
Ⅲ 傾倒
Ⅳ 點(diǎn)滴
Ⅴ 浸泡
4.7 試驗(yàn)條件
如無其他規(guī)定,施加了試劑的DUT按表1規(guī)定的溫度和持續(xù)時(shí)間進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。
4.8 步驟
試驗(yàn)步驟如下:
a) 目視檢查樣品,如有要求,可進(jìn)行功能檢查,并記錄數(shù)據(jù)用于試驗(yàn)后數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比;
b) 使DUT滿足4.4條件;
c) 按規(guī)定放置DUT,可包括必要的電氣或機(jī)械連接;
d) 將符合4.5的試劑按表1和4.6的規(guī)定施加到DUT上;
e) 應(yīng)使DUT上的試劑自然流干,不準(zhǔn)許抖動(dòng)或擦拭;
f) 將DUT在試驗(yàn)箱內(nèi)按表1規(guī)定的溫度和持續(xù)時(shí)間儲(chǔ)存;
g) 在室溫下穩(wěn)定DUT;
h) 多于1個(gè)循環(huán)時(shí),重復(fù)d)~g)步驟;
i) 按4.9的要求檢查DUT。
試驗(yàn)過程中應(yīng)關(guān)注所有安全和警示說明。
注:為了避免殘留試劑影響試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,允許在檢查結(jié)果前將殘留的試劑清除。
4.9 要求
試驗(yàn)后,功能狀態(tài)應(yīng)達(dá)到GB/T 42284.1定義的C級(jí),標(biāo)志和標(biāo)簽應(yīng)保持清晰可見。如有其他要求應(yīng)由供需雙方協(xié)商。
附錄A
(資料性)
化學(xué)試劑成分
表A.1給出了試劑成分的有關(guān)描述,供用戶選用時(shí)參考。
表A.1 試劑成分