標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號:	GB/T 5750.13-2023
中文名稱:	生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 第13部分：放射性指標(biāo)
英文名稱:	Standard examination methods for drinking water—Part 13: Radiological indices
中標(biāo)分類:	C51    環(huán)境衛(wèi)生
行業(yè)分類:	GB    國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
ICS分類:	13.060 13.060     13.060
發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu):	國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局 國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)
發(fā)布日期:	2023-03-17
實(shí)施日期:	2023-10-1
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài):	valid
替代舊標(biāo)準(zhǔn):	GB/T 5750.13-2006 生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 放射性指標(biāo)
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數(shù):	27000 字
翻譯價(jià)格(元):	1890.0
交付時(shí)間:	付款后 1~5 個(gè)工作日

Foreword Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. This document is Part 13 of GB/T 5750 Standard examination methods for drinking water. The following parts of GB/T 5750 have been issued: ——Part 1: General principles; ——Part 2: Collection and preservation of water samples; ——Part 3: Water analysis quality control; ——Part 4: Organoleptic and physical indices; ——Part 5: Inorganic nonmetallic indices; ——Part 6: Metal and metalloid indices; ——Part 7: Aggregate organic indices; ——Part 8: Organic indices; ——Part 9: Pesticides indices; ——Part 10: Disinfection by-products indices; ——Part 11: Disinfectants indices; ——Part 12: Microbiological indices; ——Part 13: Radiological indices. This document replaces GB/T 5750.13-2006 Standard examination methods for drinking water - Radiological parameters. In addition to structural adjustment and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 5750.13-2006: a) The clause "Terms and definitions" has been added (see Clause 3 hereof); b) Two examination methods have been modified (see 4.1 and 5.1 hereof; 1.1 and 2.1 of Edition 2006); c) Three examination methods have been added (see 6.1, 7.1 and 7.2 hereof). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. The previous editions of this document are as follows: ——This document was firstly issued as GB/T 5750-1985 in 1985 and first revised as GB/T 5750.13-2006 in 2006; ——This is the second revision. Introduction The series of standards GB/T 5750 Standard examination methods for drinking water, as the recommended national standards for drinking water examination technology, are compatible with GB 5749 Standards for drinking water quality, and are also served as an important technical support of GB 5749. They provide examination methods for implementing GB 5749 and carrying out hygienic safety evaluation of drinking water. GB/T 5750 consists of 13 parts. ——Part 1: General principles. It provides the basic principles and requirements for water quality examination. ——Part 2: Collection and preservation of water samples. It provides the basic principles, measures and requirements of water sample collection, preservation, management, transportation and sampling quality control. ——Part 3: Water analysis quality control. It provides quality control requirements and methods for water quality examination and testing laboratories. ——Part 4: Organoleptic and physical indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for organoleptic and physical indices. ——Part 5: Inorganic nonmetallic indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for inorganic nonmetallic indices. ——Part 6: Metal and metalloid indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for metal and metalloid indices. ——Part 7: Aggregate organic indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for aggregate organic indices. ——Part 8: Organic indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for organic indices. ——Part 9: Pesticides indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for pesticides indices. ——Part 10: Disinfection by-products indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for disinfection by-products indices. ——Part 11: Disinfectants indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for disinfectants indices. ——Part 12: Microbiological indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for microbiological indices. ——Part 13: Radiological indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for radiological indices. Standard examination methods for drinking water - Part 13: Radiological indices 1 Scope This document describes the methods for determination of gross α radioactivity concentrations, gross β radioactivity concentrations, mass concentrations of uranium, and activity concentrations of 226Ra in drinking water and water sources. This document is applicable to the determination of gross α radioactivity concentrations of α radionuclides (excluding volatile nuclides under the conditions specified in this document), gross β radioactivity concentrations of β radionuclides (excluding volatile nuclides under the conditions specified in this document), mass concentrations of uranium and activity concentrations of 226Ra in drinking water and water sources. This document may serve as a reference to the determination of gross α radioactivity, gross β radioactivity, uranium and 226Ra in saline and mineralized water. 2 Normative references The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 5750.1 Standard examination methods for drinking water - Part 1: General principles GB/T 5750.2 Standard examination methods for drinking water - Part 2: Collection and preservation of water samples GB/T 5750.3 Standard examination methods for drinking water - Part 3: Water analysis quality control GB/T 5750.6-2023 Standard examination methods for drinking water - Part 6: Metal and metalloid indices GB/T 11682 Low background alpha and/or beta measuring instruments 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5750.1, GB/T 5750.2 and GB/T 5750.3 apply. 4 Gross α radioactivity 4.1 Detection method for low background gross α 4.1.1 Method and principle Acidify the water sample, evaporate and concentrate it to convert it into sulfate, evaporate it until the sulfuric acid smokes, and burn it at 350℃. After transferring the residue to the sample tray to make the sample source, conduct immediately gross α measurement. Calculate the activity concentration of gross α radioactivity in water by measuring α standard source calibration. For this method, there are three measurement methods available: effective thickness method, comparison method and thick source method, see 4.1.8.1, 4.1.8.2 and 4.1.8.3 for details. For this method, the detection limit depends on the amount of inorganic salts in water sample, counting efficiency of the instrument, background count rate, counting time and other factors, which is about 0.02Bq/L. 4.1.2 Reagents Unless otherwise specified, the reagents shall all be analytically pure agents complying with the national standard, and the water for test shall be deionized water or distilled water. There shall be no significant difference between the radioactive background counts of all reagents and those of instruments. 4.1.2.1 Nitric acid (HNO3): ρ20=1.42g/mL, [ω(HNO3)=65%]. 4.1.2.2 Nitric acid solution: measure 100mL of nitric acid and dilute it to 200mL. 4.1.2.3 Sulfuric acid (H2SO4): ρ20=1.84g/mL. 4.1.2.4 Acetone (CH3COCH3). 4.1.2.5 Anhydrous ethanol (CH3CH2OH). 4.1.2.6 Calcium sulfate (CaSO4): guaranteed reagent. Some calcium salts may contain trace 226Ra and/or 210Pb, and it shall be verified that the calcium salts do not contain α radionuclides.

Foreword I Introduction III 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Gross α radioactivity 5 Gross β radioactivity 6 Uranium in drinking water 7 226Ra in drinking water

前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020 《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則 第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定起草。 本文件是GB/T 5750《生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法》的第13部分。 GB/T 5750已經(jīng)發(fā)布了以下部分： ——第1部分；總則； ——第2部分：水樣的采集與保存； ——第3部分：水質(zhì)分析質(zhì)量控制； ——第4部分：感官性狀和物理指標(biāo)； ——第5部分：無機(jī)非金屬指標(biāo)； ——第6部分：金屬和類金屬指標(biāo)； ——第7部分：有機(jī)物綜合指標(biāo)； ——第8部分：有機(jī)物指標(biāo)； ——第9部分：農(nóng)藥指標(biāo)： ——第10部分：消毒副產(chǎn)物指標(biāo)； ——第11部分：消毒劑指標(biāo)； ——第12部分：微生物指標(biāo)； ——第13部分：放射性指標(biāo)。 本文件代替GB/T 5750.13—2006《生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 放射性指標(biāo)》,與GB/T 5750.13-2006相比，除結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和編輯性改動(dòng)外，主要技術(shù)變化如下： a) 增加了“術(shù)語和定義”(見第3章); b) 更改了2個(gè)檢驗(yàn)方法(見4.1、5.1,2006年版的1.1、2.1); c) 增加了3個(gè)檢驗(yàn)方法(見6.1、7.1、7.2)。 請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。 本文件由中華人民共和國國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)提出并歸口。 本文件及其所代替文件的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為： ——1985年首次發(fā)布為 GB/T 5750—1985,2006 年第一次修訂為GB/T 5750.13—2006; ——本次為第二次修訂。 引言 GB/T 5750《生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法》作為生活飲用水檢驗(yàn)技術(shù)的推薦性國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，與 GB 5749 《生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》配套，是 GB 5749的重要技術(shù)支撐，為貫徹實(shí)施GB 5749、開展生活飲用水衛(wèi)生安全性評價(jià)提供檢驗(yàn)方法。 GB/T 5750由13個(gè)部分構(gòu)成。 ——第1部分：總則。目的在于提供水質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)的基本原則和要求。 ——第2部分：水樣的采集與保存。目的在于提供水樣采集、保存、管理、運(yùn)輸和采樣質(zhì)量控制的基本原則、措施和要求。 ——第3部分：水質(zhì)分析質(zhì)量控制。目的在于提供水質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)室質(zhì)量控制要求與方法。 ——第4部分：感官性狀和物理指標(biāo)。目的在于提供感官性狀和物理指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第5部分：無機(jī)非金屬指標(biāo)。目的在于提供無機(jī)非金屬指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第6部分：金屬和類金屬指標(biāo)。目的在于提供金屬和類金屬指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第7部分：有機(jī)物綜合指標(biāo)。目的在于提供有機(jī)物綜合指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第8部分：有機(jī)物指標(biāo)。目的在于提供有機(jī)物指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第9部分：農(nóng)藥指標(biāo)。目的在于提供農(nóng)藥指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第10部分：消毒副產(chǎn)物指標(biāo)。目的在于提供消毒副產(chǎn)物指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第11部分：消毒劑指標(biāo)。目的在于提供消毒劑指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第12部分：微生物指標(biāo)。目的在于提供微生物指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 ——第13部分：放射性指標(biāo)。目的在于提供放射性指標(biāo)的相應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)方法。 生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 第13部分：放射性指標(biāo) 1 范圍 本文件描述了生活飲用水和/或水源水中總α放射性的活度濃度、總β放射性的活度濃度、鈾的質(zhì)量濃度、226Ra的活度濃度測定方法。 本文件適用于測定生活飲用水和/或水源水中α放射性核素(不包括在本文件規(guī)定條件下具有揮發(fā)性的核素)的總α放射性活度濃度、β放射性核素(不包括在本文件規(guī)定條件下具有揮發(fā)性的核素)的總β放射性活度濃度、鈾的質(zhì)量濃度和226Ra的活度濃度。測定含鹽水和礦化水的總α放射性、總β放射性、鈾和22? Ra參照使用。 2 規(guī)范性引用文件 下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文 件，僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 5750.1 生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 第1部分：總則 GB/T 5750.2 生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 第2部分：水樣的采集與保存 GB/T 5750.3 生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 第3部分：水質(zhì)分析質(zhì)量控制 GB/T 5750.6—2023 生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法 第6部分：金屬和類金屬指標(biāo) GB/T 11682 低本底α和/或β測量儀 3 術(shù)語和定義 GB/T 5750.1、GB/T 5750.2、GB/T 5750.3 界定的術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。 4 總 a 放射性 4.1 低本底總α檢測法 4.1.1 方法原理 將水樣酸化，蒸發(fā)濃縮，轉(zhuǎn)化為硫酸鹽，蒸發(fā)至硫酸冒煙完畢，于350℃灼燒。殘?jiān)D(zhuǎn)移至樣品盤中制成樣品源后，立即進(jìn)行α計(jì)數(shù)測量。通過測量α標(biāo)準(zhǔn)源校準(zhǔn)計(jì)算水中總α放射性的活度濃度，本方法共有三種測量方法可供選擇：有效厚度法、比較法和厚源法，詳見4.1.8.1、4.1.8.2和4.1.8.3。 本方法的探測下限取決于水樣所含無機(jī)鹽量、儀器的計(jì)數(shù)效率、本底計(jì)數(shù)率、計(jì)數(shù)時(shí)間等多種因素，約為0.02 Bq/L。 4.1.2 試劑 除非另有說明，均使用符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的分析純試劑，實(shí)驗(yàn)用水為去離子水或蒸餾水。所有試劑的放射性本底計(jì)數(shù)與儀器的本底計(jì)數(shù)比較，不應(yīng)有顯著差異。 4.1.2.1 硝酸(HNO?):ρ20 =1.42g/mL,[ω(HNO?)=65%]。 4.1.2.2 硝酸溶液：量取100 mL 硝酸，稀釋至200 mL。 4.1.2.3 硫酸(H?SO?):ρ20=1.84g/mL。 4.1.2.4 丙酮(CH?COCH?)。 4.1.2.5 無水乙醇(CH?CH?OH)。 4.1.2.6 硫酸鈣(CaSO?): 優(yōu)級純。有些鈣鹽可能含有痕量226Ra和/或210Pb, 應(yīng)核實(shí)鈣鹽中未含有α放射性核素。