標準編號:	GB 30981-2020
中文名稱:	工業防護涂料中有害物質限量
英文名稱:	Limit of harmful substances of industrial protective coatings
中標分類:	G51    涂料
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	87.040 87.040    涂料和清漆 87.040
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2020-03-04
實施日期:	2020-12-1
標準狀態:	superseded
被新標準替代:	GB 30981.2-2025 涂料中有害物質限量 第2部分：工業涂料
被替代日期:	2026-6-1
替代舊標準:	GB 30981-2014 建筑鋼結構防腐涂料中有害物質限量
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	22000 字
翻譯價格(元):	560.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. All the technical contents of this standard are mandatory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB 30981-2014 Limit of harmful substances of anticorrosion coatings for construction steel structure. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 30981-2014: ——The scope of this standard is modified (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of Edition 2014); ——The normative reference GB 24408-2009 is deleted; normative references GB/T 6682-2008, GB/T 9758.5-1988, GB/T 9760-1988, GB/T 23985-2009, GB/T 23986-2009, GB/T 23990-2009, GB/T 23992-2009, GB/T 30647-2014, GB/T 34675-2017, GB/T 34682-2017 and GB/T 36488-2018 are added (see Clause 2; Clause 2 of Edition 2014); ——The definition of “volatile organic compound” is modified; terms and definitions of “engineering machinery”, “agricultural machinery”, “port machinery”, “chemical machinery”, “container”, “package”, “profiles”, “electrical and electronic product”, “pre-coated coil”, “shop primer”, “effect pigment” and “application condition” are added; terms and definitions of “construction steel structure” and “anticorrosion coatings for construction steel structure” are deleted (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of Edition 2014); ——Product classification is modified (see Clause 4; Clause 4 of Edition 2014); ——The “type of coating” of solvent-based coatings and the limit of VOC content are modified (see Table 2; Table 1 of Edition 2014); ——Limits of VOC contents in water-based coatings, solvent-free coatings and radiation-curable coatings are added (see Tables 1, 3 and 4); ——Items and indexes of “total content of toluene and xylene (including ethylbenzene)” and “total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons” are added (see Table 5); ——“total content of glycol ether (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether)” is changed to “total content of glycol ether and ester ether”; the item and index of “benzene content” are modified; the controlled varieties of “total content of halohydrocarbon” and “total content of glycol ether and ester ether” are modified (see Table 5; Table 2 of Edition 2014); ——The requirements of “harmful heavy metals” are changed from "voluntary" to "mandatory" (see Table 5; 5.3 of Edition 2014); ——The test methods for “VOC content”, “benzene content”, “total content of halohydrocarbon”, “methanol content”, “total content of glycol ether and ester ether” and “content of heavy metal” are modified (see 6.2; 6.2 of Edition 2014); ——The test methods for “total content of toluene and xylene (including ethylbenzene)” and “total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons” are added (see 6.2); ——Implementation of this standard is added (see Clause 9). This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. The previous edition of this standard is as follows: ——GB 30981-2014. Limit of harmful substances of industrial protective coatings 1 Scope This standard specifies the product classification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marks for package and implementation of this standard involved in the allowable limit of harmful substances of industrial protective coatings to human body and the environment. This standard is applicable to various industrial protective coatings (except marine coatings) rather than the putty intended to protect metal, concrete, plastic and other surfaces. This standard does not apply to coatings for aerospace, nuclear power, military equipment and facilities. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 1725-2007 Paints, varnishes and plastics - Determination of non-volatile-matter content GB/T 3186 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling GB/T 6682-2008 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods GB/T 6750-2007 Paints and varnishes - Determination of density - Pyknometer method GB/T 8170-2008 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values GB/T 9750 Marks for package of coating products GB/T 9758.5-1988 Paints and varnishes - Determination of “soluble” metal content - Part 5: Determination of hexavalent chromium content of the pigment portion of the liquid paint or the paint in powder form – Diphenylcarbohydrazide spectrophotometric method GB/T 9760-1988 Paints and varnishes - Preparation of acid extracts from paints in liquid or powder form GB/T 23985-2009 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Difference method GB/T 23986-2009 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Gas-chromatographic method GB/T 23990-2009 Determination of the contents of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene in coatings by gas chromatography GB/T 23992-2009 Determination of chlorhydrocarbon content in coatings - Gas chromatographic method GB/T 30647-2014 Determination of harmful elements total content of coatings GB/T 34675-2017 Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content in radiation curable coatings GB/T 34682-2017 Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content in reactive diluent containing coatings GB/T 36488-2018 Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coatings 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 engineering machinery operating machinery and equipment used in the process of comprehensive mechanized construction for earthwork, stonework, concrete work and various construction and installation works Note: For example, industrial vehicles, construction machinery, wiring machinery, municipal sanitation machinery, elevators and escalators, pneumatic tools, etc. 3.2 agricultural machinery machinery used in the process of crop planting and animal husbandry production, as well as in the initial processing and treatment of agricultural and animal products Note: For example, agricultural power machinery, farmland construction machinery, soil cultivating machinery, planting and fertilizing machinery, plant protection machinery, farmland irrigation and drainage machinery, harvesting machinery, agricultural products processing machinery, animal husbandry machinery, agricultural transport machinery, etc. 3.3 port machinery machinery and equipment used for loading or unloading of goods in or from ships at ports, stacking, unstacking and transshipment of goods in warehouses, and handling of goods in cabins, carriages and warehouses Note: For example, hoisting machinery, loading and unloading vehicles, conveying machinery, handling machinery, etc. 3.4 chemical machinery generic term of equipment and facilities used in chemical production Note: For example, chemical machines such as filters, crushers, centrifuges, rotary kilns, mixers, rotary dryers and fluid conveying machines and chemical equipment such as vessels (sinks, tanks, kettles, etc.), ordinary kilns, towers, reactors, heat exchangers, ordinary dryers, evaporators, reaction furnaces, electrolytic cells, crystallizers, mass transfer equipment, adsorption equipment, fluidization equipment, ordinary separation equipment and ion exchange equipment. 3.5 building a space or entity constructed using building materials for people to live and carry out various activities [GB/T 50504-2009, definition 2.1.4] Note: For example, residential buildings, office buildings, plants, warehouses, shopping malls, stadiums, exhibition halls, libraries, hospitals, schools, airports, stations, theaters, churches, etc. 3.6 construction construction entity or auxiliary building facilities constructed for certain purposes, but generally not for direct production and living therein [GB/T 50504-2009, definition 2.1.5] Note: For example, structures such as bridges, iron towers, monument towers, television towers, guardrails, power facilities, petrochemical facilities and offshore facilities. 3.7 container a kind of equipment for transporting goods, which shall meet the following conditions: a) it shall have sufficient strength and stiffness and may be used repeatedly; b) it is suitable for carriage of goods by one or more modes of transportation. During transshipment on the way, the goods in the container do not need to be changed; c) it is equipped with the device facilitating quick loading/unloading and handling, especially the change from one mode of transportation to another one; d) it is convenient for filling up the container with goods and emptying the container; e) it is of 1m3 or more; f) it is designed according to the requirements of ensuring safety and is capable of preventing irrelevant personnel from easily entering. [GB/T 1992-2006, definition 3.1] 3.8 package generic term of vessels, materials and auxiliaries adopted according to certain technical methods for protecting products, facilitating storage and transport and promoting sales during the circulation process Note: For example, beverage cans, food cans, chemical barrels, steel barrels, non-stick pans, etc. 3.9 profiles objects of certain geometrical shapes and made of aluminum, iron or steel and materials with certain strength and toughness by rolling, extrusion, casting and other processes Note: For example, aluminum profiles, plastic profiles, etc. 3.10 electrical and electronic product equipment and supporting products with the rated working voltage not exceeding 1,500V for direct current and not exceeding 1,000V for alternating current that rely on current or electromagnetic fields for operation or are intended to generate, transmit and measure current and electromagnetic fields, excluding the equipment involved in the production, transmission and distribution of electric energy 3.11 pre-coated coil organic materials/metal composite plates sold in rolls or sheets after the coating or laminated plastic film is applied to rolled metal sheets Note: For example, building plates, home appliance plates, etc. 3.12 shop primer (general) a protective coating applied to a workpiece in a shop, followed by a finish paint on site [GB/T 5206-2015, definition 2.232.1] 3.13 effect pigment usually as a flake pigment, which can provide some other performances besides color, such as rainbow color (formed by light interference on a thin layer), different color with angle (color change, color jump, color shade change) or texture [GB/T 5206-2015, definition 2.91]

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Product classification 5 Requirements 6 Test methods 7 Inspection rules 8 Marks for package 9 Implementation of this standard Annex A (Normative) Determination of water content - Gas chromatographic method Annex B (Normative) Determination of the content of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) - Spectrophotometry Bibliography

工業防護涂料中有害物質限量 1 范圍 本標準規定了工業防護涂料中對人體和環境有害的物質容許限量所涉及的產品分類、要求、測試方法、檢驗規則、包裝標志、標準的實施。 本標準適用于除膩子以外的對金屬、混凝土、塑膠等表面進行防護的各類工業防護涂料(船舶涂料除外)。 本標準不適用于航空航天涂料、核電涂料、軍事裝備和設施用涂料。 2規范性引用文件 下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 1725—2007 色漆、清漆和塑料 不揮發物含量的測定 GB/T 3186—色漆、清漆和色漆與清漆用原材料 取樣 GB/T 6682—2008 分析實驗室用水規格和試驗方法 GB/T 6750—2007 色漆和清漆 密度的測定 比重瓶法 GB/T 8170—2008數值修約規則與極限數值的表示和判定 GB/T 9750涂料產品包裝標志 GB/T 9758.5—1988色漆和清漆 “可溶性”金屬含量的測定 第5部分：液體色漆的顏料部分或粉末狀色漆中六價鉻含量的測定 二苯卡巴肼分光光度法 GB/T 9760—1988色漆和清漆 液體或粉末狀色漆中酸萃取物的制備 GB/T 23985—2009 色漆和清漆 揮發性有機化合物(VOC)含量的測定 差值法 GB/T 23986—2009色漆和清漆 揮發性有機化合物(VOC)含量的測定 氣相色譜法 GB/T 23990—2009涂料中苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯含量的測定 氣相色譜法 GB/T 23992—2009涂料中氯代烴含量的測定 氣相色譜法 GB/T 30647—2014涂料中有害元素總含量的測定 GB/T 34675—2017輻射固化涂料中揮發性有機化合物(VOC)含量的測定 GB/T 34682—2017含有活性稀釋劑的涂料中揮發性有機化合物(VOC)含量的測定 GB/T 36488—2018涂料中多環芳烴的測定 3術語和定義 下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 工程機械 engineering machinery 土方工程、石方工程、混凝土工程及各類建筑安裝工程在綜合機械化施工過程中所使用的作業機械設備。 注：例如，工業車輛、建筑機械、線路機械、市政環衛機械、電梯及扶梯、氣動工具等。 3.2 農業機械 agricultural machinery 在作物種植業和畜牧業生產過程中，以及農、畜產品初加工和處理過程中所使用的各種機械。 注：例如，農用動力機械、農田建設機械、土壤耕作機械、種植和施肥機械、植物保護機械、農田排灌機械、作物收獲機械、農產品加工機械、畜牧業機械和農業運輸機械等。 3.3 港口機械port machinery 在港口從事船舶的貨物裝卸，庫場進行貨物堆碼、拆垛和轉運，以及船艙內、車廂內、倉庫內貨物搬運等作業的機械設備。 注：例如，起重機械、裝卸車輛、輸送機械、搬運機械等。 3.4 化工機械 chemical machinery 在化學工業生產中所用的機器和設備的總稱。 注：例如，各種過濾機、破碎機、離心分離機、旋轉窯、攪拌機、旋轉干燥機以及流體輸送機械等化工機器，各種容器(槽、罐、釜等)、普通窯、塔器、反應器、換熱器、普通干燥器、蒸發器，反應爐、電解槽、結晶設備、傳質設備、吸附設備、流態化設備、普通分離設備以及離子交換設備等化工設備。 3.5 建筑物 building 用建筑材料構筑的空間和實體，供人們居住和進行各種活動的場所。 [GB/T 50504—2009，定義2.1.4] 注：例如，住宅、辦公大樓、廠房、倉庫、商場、體育館、展覽館、圖書館、醫院、學校、機場、車站、劇院、教堂等。 3.6 構筑物 construction 為某種使用目的而建造的、人們一般不直接在其內部進行生產和生活活動的工程實體或附屬建筑設施。 [GB/T 50504—2009，定義2.1.5] 注：例如，橋梁、鐵塔、碑塔、電視塔、護欄、電力設施、石化設施、近海設施等結構。 3.7 集裝箱 container 一種供貨物運輸的設備，應滿足以下條件： a)具有足夠的強度和剛度，可長期反復使用； b)適于一種或多種運輸方式載運，在途中轉運時，箱內貨物不需換裝； c)具有便于快捷裝卸和搬運的裝置，特別是從一種運輸方式轉移到另一種運輸方式； d)便于貨物的裝滿或卸空； e)具有1 m3及其以上的容積； f)是一種按照確保安全的要求進行設計，并具有防御無關人員輕易進入的貨運工具。 [GB/T 1992—2006，定義3.1] 3.8 包裝package 為在流通過程中保護產品、方便貯運、促進銷售，按一定技術方法而采用的容器、材料及輔助物等的總體名稱。 注：例如，飲料罐、食品罐、化工桶、鋼桶、不粘鍋等。 3.9 型材profiles 以鋁、鐵或鋼以及具有一定強度和韌性的材料通過軋制、擠出、鑄造等工藝制成的具有一定幾何形狀的物體。 注：例如，鋁型材、塑料型材等。 3.10 電子電器 electrical and electronic product 依靠電流或電磁場工作或者以產生、傳輸和測量電流和電磁場為目的，額定工作電壓為直流電不超過1 500 V、交流電不超過1 000 V的設備及配套產品。其中涉及電能生產、傳輸和分配的設備除外。 3.11 預涂卷材pre-coated coil 在成卷的金屬薄板上涂覆涂料或層壓塑料薄膜后，以成卷或單張形式出售的有機材料/金屬復合板材。 注：例如，建筑板、家電板等。 3.12 車間底漆 shop primer (通用)一種保護涂料，在車間施涂于工件，隨后在現場施涂面漆。 [GB/T 5206—2015，定義2.232.1] 3.13 效應顏料 effect pigment 通常為片狀顏料，除提供顏色外還能提供一些其他性能，如彩虹色(光在薄層上發生干涉而形成)，隨角異色(顏色變換，顏色跳躍、顏色明暗變化)或紋理。 [GB/T 5206—2015，定義2.91] 3.14 揮發性有機化合物 volatile organic compound VOC 參與大氣光化學反應的有機化合物，或者根據有關規定確定的有機化合物。 3.15 揮發性有機化合物含量 volatile organic compound content VOC含量 在規定的條件下測得的涂料中存在的揮發性有機化合物的質量。 [GB/T 5206—2015，定義2.271] 3.16 施工狀態 application condition 在施工方式和施工條件滿足相應產品技術說明書中的要求時，產品所有組分混合后，可以進行施工的狀態。 4產品分類 本標準將工業防護涂料分為水性涂料、溶劑型涂料、無溶劑涂料、輻射固化涂料、粉末涂料。其中，水性涂料分為機械設備涂料、建筑物和構筑物防護涂料(建筑用墻面涂料除外)、集裝箱涂料、包裝涂料、型材涂料(含金屬底材幕墻板涂料)、電子電器涂料；溶劑型涂料分為機械設備涂料、建筑物和構筑物防護涂料、集裝箱涂料、預涂卷材涂料、包裝涂料、型材涂料(含金屬底材幕墻板涂料)、電子電器涂料；輻射固化涂料分為水性和非水性。 5 要求 5.1 除特殊功能性涂料以外的各類工業防護涂料中VOC含量的限量值應符合表1、表2、表3、表4的要求。 注：特殊功能性涂料是指絕緣涂料、觸摸屏和光學塑料片用耐指紋涂料、150℃以上高溫燒結成膜的聚四氟乙烯類涂料(耐化學介質、耐磨、潤滑、不粘等特殊功HB)、彈性體用氟硅涂料、電鍍銀效果漆(輻射固化型)、標志漆、電子元器件用保護涂料(防酸霧、防塵、防濕等特殊功能)等。 水性涂料中VOC含量的限量值應符合表1的要求；溶劑型涂料中VOC含量的限量值應符合表2的要求；無溶劑涂料中VOC含量的限量值應符合表3的要求；輻射固化涂料中VOC含量的限量值應符合表4的要求。當涂料產品明示適用于多種用途時，應符合各要求中最嚴格的限量值要求。 水性涂料和水性輻射固化涂料所有項目均不考慮水的稀釋比例；其他類型涂料按產品明示的施工狀態下的施工配比混合后測定，如多組分的某組分使用量為某一范圍時，應按照產品施工狀態下的施工配比規定的最大比例混合后進行測定。 表1 水性涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 產品類別 主要產品類型 限量值/(g/L) 機械設備涂料 工程機械和農業機械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 底漆 ≤300 中涂 ≤300 面漆 ≤420 清漆 ≤420 港口機械和化工機械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 車間底漆 ≤300 底漆 ≤300 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 清漆 ≤300 其他 底漆 ≤250 中涂 ≤200 面漆 ≤300 清漆 ≤300 建筑物和構筑物 防護涂料(建筑用 墻面涂料除外) 金屬基材 防腐涂料 單組分 醇酸樹脂涂料 ≤350 其他 底漆 ≤300 面漆 ≤300 效應顏料漆 ≤420 雙組分 車間底漆 ≤300 底漆 ≤300 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 效應顏料漆 ≤420 建筑物和構筑物防護涂料(建筑用墻面涂料除外) 混凝土防護涂料 封閉底漆 ≤300 底漆 ≤250 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 其他 — ≤300 集裝箱涂料 底漆 ≤350 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 包裝涂料 不粘涂料 底漆 ≤480 中涂 ≤350 面漆 ≤300 其他 輥涂(片材) ≤480 噴涂 ≤400 型材涂料(含金屬底材幕墻板涂料) 電泳涂料 ≤250 氟樹脂涂料 ≤350 其他 ≤300 電子電器涂料 底漆 ≤420 色漆 ≤420 清漆 ≤420 表2溶劑型涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 產品類別 主要產品類型 限量值/(g/L) 機械設備涂料 工程機械和農業機械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 底漆 ≤540 中涂 ≤540 面漆 ≤550 清漆 ≤550 港口機械和化工機械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 車間底漆 ≤680 底漆 無機 ≤600 其他 ≤550 中涂 ≤500 面漆 ≤500 清漆 ≤500 特種涂料(耐高溫涂料等) ≤650 機械設備涂料 其他 底漆 ≤500 中涂 ≤480 面漆 ≤550 清漆 ≤550 建筑物和構筑 物防護涂料 金屬基材防腐涂料 車間底漆 無機 ≤720 有機 ≤650 無機鋅底漆 ≤600 單組分涂料 ≤630 雙組分涂料 底漆 ≤500 中涂 ≤500 面漆 ≤550 清漆 ≤580 混凝土防護涂料 (含鐵路混凝土橋面 用薄涂型防水涂料) 封閉底漆 ≤700 底漆 ≤540 中涂 ≤540 面漆 ≤550 特種涂料(耐高溫涂料、 耐化學品涂料、聯接漆等) — ≤650 其他 — ≤550 集裝箱涂料 車間底漆 噴涂 ≤700 輥涂 ≤650 底漆 ≤550 中涂 ≤500 面漆 ≤550 預涂卷材涂料 氟樹脂涂料 — ≤780 其他 底漆 ≤650 背漆 ≤700 面漆 ≤600 清漆 ≤600 包裝涂料 不粘涂料 — ≤420 其他 輥涂 卷材 ≤780 片材 ≤680 噴涂 ≤750 型材涂料 (含金屬底材 幕墻板涂料) 氟樹脂涂料 — ≤780 其他 底漆 ≤520 面漆 ≤600 清漆 ≤550 電子電器涂料 底漆 ≤600 色漆 ≤700 清漆 ≤650 表3無溶劑涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 項目 限量值/(g/L) VOC含量 ≤100 表4輻射固化涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 產品類別 施涂方式 限量值/(g/L) 水性 噴涂 ≤400 水性 其他 ≤150 非水性 噴涂 ≤550 其他 ≤200 5.2各類工業防護涂料中除VOC含量以外其他有害物質含量的限量值應符合表5的要求。 表5 其他有害物質含量的限量值要求 項目 限量值 苯含量a(限溶劑型涂料、非水性輻射固化涂料)/％ ≤0.3 甲苯與二甲苯(含乙苯)總和含量a(限溶劑型涂料、非水性輻射固化涂料)/％ ≤35 鹵代烴總和含量a(限溶劑型涂料、非水性輻射固化涂料)/％ (限二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、1,1,2-三氯乙烷、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,2,3-三氯丙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯) ≤1 多環芳烴總和含量a(限溶劑型涂料、非水性輻射固化涂料)/(mg/kg) (限萘、蒽) ≤500 甲醇含量a(限無機類涂料)/％ ≤1 乙二醇醚及醚酯總和含量a(限水性涂料、溶劑型涂料、輻射固化涂料)/％ (限乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇乙醚醋酸酯、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、三乙二醇二甲醚) ≤1 重金屬含量(限色漆b、粉末涂料、醇酸清漆)/(mg/kg) 鉛(Pb)含量 ≤1 000 鎘(Cd)含量 ≤100 六價鉻(Cr6+)含量 ≤1 000 汞(Hg)含量 ≤1 000 a按產品明示的施工狀態下的施工配比混合后測定，如多組分的某組分的使用量為某一范圍時，應按照產品施工狀態下的施工配比規定的最大比例混合后進行測定，水性涂料和水性輻射固化涂料所有項目均不考慮水的稀釋比例。 b指含有顏料、體質顏料、染料的一類涂料。