Safety rules for the construction and installation of firefighters lifts
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies the additional requirements and differences of passenger lifts in line with GB/T 7588.1-2020. This document is applicable to firefighters lifts used for fire fighting and evacuation under the control of firefighters.
1.2 This document is applicable to the following conditions:
a) the lift well, machinery space and fire protected lobby shall be prevented from fire, heat and smoke when designing the lift well and lift environment;
b) the architectural design restricts water from entering the well;
c) the firefighters lift is not used as an escape route;
d) the lift well and lift environment are fire protected, at least reaching the same fire resistance level as that of the building structure;
e) the power supply is safe, reliable and stable;
f) the electrical power supply cables are fire protected, at least reaching the same fire resistance level as that of the well structure;
g) proper maintenance and inspection are carried out as planned.
1.3 This document is not applicable to:
a) lifts with partially enclosed wells for use as firefighters lifts;
b) lifts installed in a non-refractory building structure;
c) major modification of lifts in use.
1.4 This document does not specify:
a) the number of firefighters lifts and the number of floors served during fire fighting;
b) space requirements for the fire protected lobby;
c) fire service of all cars of multi-floor lift, except the top car.
1.5 This document covers the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events related to the use of firefighters lift according to the intended purpose and under the conditions determined by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
1.6 The following significant hazards are not dealt with in the document (see 0.1 in Introduction), and are assumed to be considered by the architectural designer:
a) not having enough or correctly located firefighters lifts to move the firefighters and equipment up the building;
b) a fire in the firefighters lift well, fire protected lobby, machinery space or lift car;
c) the absence of identification sign at any floor;
d) failure in water management.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute indispensable provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (GB/T 4208-2017, IEC 60529: 2013, IDT)
GB/T 7025.1-2008 Lifts - Main specifications and the dimensions arrangements for its cars wells and machine rooms - Part 1: Lifts of classes I, II, III, VI (ISO/DIS 4190-1: 2007, IDT)
GB/T 7588.1-2020 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Part 1: Passenger and goods passenger lifts (ISO 8100-1: 2019, MOD)
GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100: 2010, IDT)
GB/T 17889.1 Ladders - Part 1: Terms, types, functional sizes
GB/T 24477 Accessibility to lifts for persons including persons with disability
GB/T 24479 Behaviour of lifts in the event of fire
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 7588.1-2020, GB/T 15706-2012 and GB 50016 and the following apply.
3.1
control system
a system which responds to input signals and generates output signals causing the equipment under control to operate in the desired manner
3.2
evacuation
organized and controlled movement of persons in a building from a dangerous area to a safe area
3.3
fire
phenomenon of combustion characterized by emission of heat accompanied by smoke and/or flame
[Source: GB/T 5907.1-2014, 2.2]
3.4
fire compartment
a sub-division of a building by walls, floors and other fire separation facilities for the purpose of limiting the spread of fire within the premises
[Source: GB 50016-2014, 2.1.22]
3.5
fire lift; firefighters lift
a lift installed in a fire-resistant enclosed structure and equipped with fire protected lobby and standby power supply, which is intended for passengers use which has additional protection, controls and signals which enable it to be used under the direct control of the fire service, for moving firefighters and their equipment to the designated floor
3.6
fire protection
fire protection covers measures to prevent the outbreak of fire and fire spread in all cases to safeguard escape routes and create the assumption of effective firefighting including the determination of the fire resistance, fire load and behaviour of building materials and structures during a fire
3.7
firefighters lift switch
a switch located at the fire service access level, outside of the well, that is intended to be used to give priority service for firefighters
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3.8
fire service access level
the entry level in the building intended to be used by firefighters to gain access to the firefighters lift
Note: For the purpose of this document, the fire service access level refers to the area in front of landing door which is equipped with a firefighters lift switch.
3.9
refuge area; fire protected lobby; safe area
area providing safe access from the emergency exit (such as stairs) of the building to the firefighters lift. It ensures personnel safety during the fire fighting operation, and can be prevented from fire and smoke through proper fireproof structure separation
3.10
dual entry car
car with two sets of doors
3.11
building management system; BMS
system for the integrated management of the building's equipment monitoring system and public safety system
[Source: GB 50314-2015, 2.0.6]
3.12
lift environment
fire protected environment providing protected access from the usage area of the building to the firefighters lift
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of lift and which require action to eliminate or reduce risk.
4.2 Significant hazards dealt with in this document are shown in the Tables 1 and 2 below:
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Foreword i
Introduction iii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 List of significant hazards
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 Environment/building requirements
5.2 Fundamental firefighters lift requirements
5.3 Protection of electrical equipment against water
5.4 Rescue of trapped firefighters in the lift car
5.5 Hydraulic lift as firefighters lift
5.6 Car doors and landing doors
5.7 Lift machine and associated equipment
5.8 Control systems
5.9 Power supply
5.10 Power supply changeover and interruption
5.11 Car and landing controls
5.12 Fire service communication system
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures
7 Information for use
Annex A (Informative) Water management
Annex B (Informative) Power supply for firefighters lifts - Secondary power supply
Annex C (Informative) Layout of firefighters lift
Annex D (Normative) Water protection in firefighters lift well
Annex E (Informative) Examples of rescue concept for firefighters
Annex F (Informative) Building interface
Annex G (Normative) Pictogram for a firefighters lift
Annex H (Informative) Maintenance requirements
Annex I (Informative) Firefighting concept for high rise buildings
Annex J (Informative) Concepts of fire compartments
Bibliography
