Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 3215-2007 Centrifugal pumps for petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries. The following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 3215-2007:
—The standard title has been revised from "Centrifugal pumps for petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries" to "Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries" (see the cover and front page; the cover and front page of the 2007 edition);
—The scope has been revised (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of the 2007 edition);
—The normative references have been revised (see Clause 2; Clause 2 of the 2007 edition);
—The terms and definitions have been revised (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of the 2007 edition);
—The classification and type identification, units and specific requirements have been revised (see Clauses 4 and 5; Clause 4 of the 2007 edition);
—That the vendor shall specify on the data sheets the NPSH3 based on water [at a temperature of less than 65 °C] at the rated flow and rated speed has been revised to "the vendor shall specify...[at a temperature of less than 55 °C]..." (see 6.1.8; 5.1.10 of the 2007 edition);
—In 6.1.12, a note has been introduced to give a description of the best efficiency point flowrate for the pump as furnished (see 6.1.12);
—The conditions for which water-cooling systems shall be designed have been expressed in a modified way (see 6.1.20; 5.1.22 of the 2007 edition);
—The requirements for bolting and threads have been revised (see 6.1.29; 5.1.31 of the 2007 edition);
—The requirements for the tensile stress used in the design of the pressure casing for any material have been revised (see 6.3.4; 5.3.4 of the 2007 edition);
—The requirement that the pump-seal chamber and seal gland shall have a pressure-temperature rating at least equal to the maximum allowable working pressure and temperature of the pump casing to which it is attached, in accordance with GB/T 34875-2017 has been introduced (see 6.3.5);
—Recommendations on spiral-wound gaskets and gaskets have been introduced to the requirements of radially split casings for metal-to-metal fits, with confined controlled-compression gaskets (see 6.3.10);
—Requirements for openings for core support, core removal or waterway inspection and cleaning have been introduced (see 6.3.16);
—A parallelism range between the machined faces of pump flanges and the plane as shown on the general arrangement drawing has been introduced (see 6.4.2.6);
—The requirements for piping and auxiliary connections to the pressure casing have been revised (see 6.4.3; 5.4.3 of the 2007 edition);
—Requirements for piping gussets have been introduced (see 6.4.3.10);
—The figure illustrating the measurement of "Seal chamber face runout" has be relocated to the standard body (see 6.8.4 and 6.8.5; Annex K of the 2007 edition);
—The requirements for dynamics have been revised (see 6.9; 5.9 of the 2007 edition);
—A torsional analysis flow chart has been introduced (see Figure 29);
—The items under the type of motor, its characteristics and the accessories that the purchaser shall specify have been revised (see 7.1.5; 6.1.4 of the 2007 edition);
—The requirements for couplings have been revised (see 7.2.2; 6.2.2 of the 2007 edition);
—A working requirement for coupling guards with potentially explosive atmospheres has been introduced (see 7.2.15);
—A requirement of the rim or pan type specified by the purchaser has been introduced (see 7.3.1);
—Casing material inspection requirements have been introduced (see Table 14);
—A temperature of water used in performance tests has been introduced (see 8.3.3.2 i);
—The performance tolerances have been revised (see Table 16; Table 14 of the 2007 edition);
—A test method of net positive suction head required has been introduced (see 8.3.4.3.3);
—Shaft stiffness and bearing system life have been introduced (see Annex I).
This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to International Standard ISO 13709:2009 Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This standard has made a few structural changes with regard to ISO 13709:2009. Corresponding numbering of equivalent clauses between this standard and the International Standard ISO 13709: 2009 is given in Annex A.
There are technical deviations between this standard and the International Standard ISO 13709: 2009. The clauses/subclauses related to these deviations have been identified by vertical single line (|) marked in the blank position of the outer page margin. The technical deviations, together with their justifications, are given in Annex B.
This standard was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Pumps of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 211).
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
—GB/T 3215-1982 and GB/T 3215-2007.
Introduction
It is necessary that users of this standard be aware that further or differing requirements can be needed for individual applications. This standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This can be particularly appropriate where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, it is necessary that the vendor identify any variations from this standard and provide details.
A bullet (●) at the beginning of a clause or subclause indicates that either a decision is required or the purchaser is required to provide further information. It is necessary that this information should be indicated on data sheets or stated in the enquiry or purchase order (see Figure C.1, Figure C.2 and Figure C.3).
In this standard, where practical, US Customary, or other, units are included in parentheses for information.
Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries
1 Scope
This standard specifies requirements for centrifugal pumps, including pumps running in reverse as hydraulic power recovery turbines, for use in petroleum, petrochemical and gas industry process services.
This standard is applicable to overhung pumps, between-bearings pumps and vertically suspended pumps (see Table 1). Clause 9 provides requirements applicable to specific types of pump. All other clauses of this standard are applicable to all pump types. Illustrations are provided of the various specific pump types and the designations assigned to each specific type.
Relevant industry operating experience suggests pumps produced to this standard are cost effective when pumping liquids at conditions exceeding any one of the following:
—discharge pressure (gauge): 1,900 kPa (275 psi; 19.0 bar);
—suction pressure (gauge): 500 kPa (75 psi; 5.0 bar);
—pumping temperature: 150 °C (300 °F);
—rotative speed: 3,600 r/min;
—rated total head: 120 m (400 ft);
—impeller diameter, overhung pumps: 330 mm (13 in).
Note: For sealless pumps, reference can be made to API Std 685. For heavy duty pump applications in industries other than petroleum, petrochemical and gas processing, reference can be made to ISO 9905.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 193 General purpose metric screw threads—General plan
(GB/T 193-2003, ISO 261:1998, MOD)
GB/T 196 General purpose metric screw threads—Basic dimensions
(GB/T 196-2003, ISO 724:1993, MOD)
GB/T 755 Rotating electrical machines—Rating and performance (GB/T 755-2008, IEC 60034-1:2004, IDT)
GB/T 3216 Rotodynamic pumps—Hydraulic performance acceptance tests—Grades 1,2 and 3 (GB/T 3216-2016, ISO 9906:2012, IDT)
GB/T 3768 Acoustics—Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure—Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (GB/T 3768-2017, ISO 3746:2010, IDT)
GB/T 6391-2010 Rolling bearings—Dynamic load ratings and rating life (ISO 281: 2007, IDT)
GB/T 6557 Mechanical vibration—Methods and criteria for the mechanical balancing of flexible rotors (GB/T 6557-2009, ISO 11342:1998, IDT)
GB/T 7307 Pipe threads with 55 degree thread angle where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads (GB/T 7307-2001, ISO 228-1:1994, MOD)
GB/T 8196 Safety of machinery—Guards—General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards (GB/T 8196-2003, ISO 14120:2002, MOD)
GB/T 8923
(all parts) Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products—Visual assessment of surface cleanliness [ISO 8501 (all parts)]
GB/T 9144 General purpose metric screw threads—Preferable plan (GB/T 9144-2003, ISO 262:1998, MOD)
GB/T 9239.1 Mechanical vibration—Balance quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid) state—Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances (GB/T 9239.1-2006, ISO 1940-1:2003, IDT)
GB/T 19867
(all parts) Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials—Welding procedure specification [ISO 15609 (all parts)]
GB/T 20972.1 Petroleum and natural gas industries—Material for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production—Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking resistant materials (GB/T 20972.1-2007, ISO 15156-1:2001, IDT)
GB/Z 32458 Centrifugal pumps handling viscous liquids—Performance corrections (GB/Z 32458-2015, ISO/TR 17766:2005, IDT)
GB/T 34875-2017 Pumps—Shaft sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps (ISO 21049: 2004, IDT)
GB/T 35147 Petroleum and natural gas industries—Flexible couplings for mechanical power transmission—General purpose applications (GB/T 35147-2017, ISO 14691:2008, MOD)
ISO 7-1 Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads—Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation
ISO 286 (all parts) ISO system of limits and fits
ISO 965 (all parts) ISO general-purpose metric screw threads—Tolerances
ISO 3117 Tangential keys and keyways
ISO 4200 Plain end steel tubes, welded and seamless—General tables of dimensions and masses per unit length
ISO 5753 Rolling bearing—Radial internal clearance
ISO 7005-1 Metallic flanges—Part 1: Steel flanges for industrial and general service piping systems
ISO 7005-2 Metallic flanges—Part2: Cast iron flanges
ISO 9606
(all parts) Approval testing of welders—Fusion welding1)
ISO 10438: 2007
(all parts) Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries—Lubrication, shaft-sealing and control-oil systems and auxiliaries
ISO 10441 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries—Flexible couplings for mechanical power transmission—Special-purpose applications
ISO 10721-2 Steel structures—Part2: Fabrication and erection
ISO 15649 Petroleum and natural gas industries—Piping
IEC 60034-2-1 Rotating electrical machines—Part2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles)
IEC 60079
(all parts) Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres2)
EN 953 Safety of machinery—Guards—General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
EN 13445
(all parts) Unfired pressure vessels
EN 13463-1 Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres—Part1: Basic method and requirements
ANSI/ABMA 7 Shaft and housing fits for metric radial ball and roller bearings (except tapered roller bearings) conforming to basic boundary plan 3)
ANSI/AGMA 9000 Flexible couplings—potential unbalance classification4)
ANSI/AGMA 9002 Bores and keyways for flexible couplings (inch series)
ANSI/AMT B15.1 Safety standard for mechanical power transmission apparatus5)
ANSI/API Std 541 Form-wound squirrel-cage induction motors—500 horsepower and larger
ANSI/API Std 611 General-purpose steam turbines for petroleum, chemical and gas industry services
ANSI/API Std 670 Machinery protection systems
ANSI/API Std 671/ISO 10441 Special purpose couplings for petroleum, chemical and gas industry services
ANSI/ASME B1.1 Unified inch screw threads, UN and UNR thread form6)
ANSI/ASME B16.1 Gray iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings: Classes 25, 125 and 250
ANSI/ASME B16.5 Pipe flanges and flanged fittings: NPS1/2 through NPS 24 metric/inch standard
ANSI/ASME B16.11 Forged steel fittings, socket-welding and threaded
ANSI/ASME B16.42 Ductile iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings, Classes 150 and 300
ANSI/ASME B16.47 Larger diameter steel flanges: NPS 26 through NPS 60
ANSI/ASME B18.18.2M Inspection and quality assurance for high-volume machine assembly fasteners
ANSI/ASME B31.3 Process piping
ANSI/HI 1.6 Centrifugal tests 7)
ANSI/HI 2.6 American national standard for vertical pump tests
API Std 547 General-purpose form-wound squirrel cage induction motors—250 horsepower and larger
API Std 677 General-purpose gear units for petroleum, chemical and gas industry services
ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code BPVC, Section V, Nondestructive examination
ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code BPVC, Section VIII, Rules for construction of pressure vessels
ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code BPVC, Section IX, Welding and brazing qualifications
DIN 910 Heavy-duty hexagon head screw plugs8)
IEE 841 IEEE standard for petroleum and chemical industry—Severe Duty Totally Enclosed Fan-Cooled (TEFC) squirrel cage induction motors—Up to and including 370 kW (500 hp)9)
MSS SP-55 Quality standard for steel castings for valves, flanges and fittings and other piping components—Visual method for evaluation of surface irregularities 10)
NACE MR0103 Materials resistant to sulfide stress cracking in corrosive petroleum refining environments11)
NFPA 70:2008 National electrical code12)
SSPC SP 6 Commercial blast cleaning13)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
axially split
principal mating face of pump casing parallel to the axis
3.2
allowable operating region
portion of a pump's hydraulic coverage over which the pump is allowed to operate, based on vibration within the upper limit of this standard or temperature rise or other limitation, specified by the manufacturer
3.3
barrel pump
horizontal pump of the double-casing type
3.4
barrier fluid
externally supplied fluid, at a pressure above the pump seal chamber pressure, introduced into an Arrangement 3 seal (pressurized dual mechanical seal) to completely isolate the pump process liquid from the environment
3.5
best efficiency point; BEP
flowrate at which a pump achieves its highest efficiency at rated impeller diameter
Note: The best efficiency point flowrate at maximum impeller diameter is used to determine pump specific speed and suction-specific speed. The best efficiency point flowrate is reduced with reduced impeller diameters.
3.6
buffer fluid
externally supplied fluid, at a pressure lower than the pump seal chamber pressure, used as a lubricant and/or to provide a diluent in an Arrangement 2 seal (unpressurized dual mechanical seal)
3.7
cartridge-type element
assembly of all the parts of the pump except for the casing
3.8
classically stiff
characterized by the first dry critical speed being above the pump's maximum continuous speed by the following:
20 % for rotors designed for wet running only;
30 % for rotors designed to be able to run dry.
3.9
critical speed
shaft rotational speed at which the rotor-bearing-support system is in a state of resonance
3.10
datum elevation
elevation to which values of NPSH are referred (see 6.1.8)
See net positive suction head (3.33).
3.11
design
manufacturer's calculated parameter
Note: “Design” is a term that may be used by the equipment manufacturer to describe various parameters, such as design power, design pressure, design temperature, or design speed. This term should be used only by the equipment manufacturer and not in the purchaser's specifications.
3.12
double casing
type of pump construction in which the pressure casing is separate from the pumping elements contained in the casing
Note: Pumping elements include diffuser, diaphragms, bowls and volute inner casings.
3.13
drive-train component
item of the equipment used in series to drive the pump
Examples: Motor, gear, turbine, engine, fluid drive, clutch.
3.14
dry critical speed
rotor critical speed calculated assuming that there are no liquid effects, that the rotor is supported only at its bearings and that the bearings are of infinite stiffness
3.15
element
bundle
assembly of the rotor plus the internal stationary parts of a centrifugal pump
3.16
hydraulic power recovery turbine; HPRT
turbomachine designed to recover power from a fluid stream
3.17
hydrodynamic bearing
bearing that uses the principles of hydrodynamic lubrication
3.18
identical pump
pump of the same size, hydraulic design, number of stages, rotational speed, clearances, type of shaft seal (axial face or breakdown bushing), type of bearings, coupling mass, coupling overhang, and pumping the same liquid
3.19
maximum allowable speed
highest speed at which the manufacturer's design permits continuous operation
3.20
maximum allowable temperature
maximum continuous temperature for which the manufacturer has designed the pump (or any part to which the term is referred) when pumping the specified liquid at the specified maximum operating pressure (does not include mechanical seal)
See pressure casing (3.43).
3.21
maximum allowable working pressure; MAWP
maximum continuous pressure for which the manufacturer has designed the pump (or any part to which the term is referred) when pumping the specified liquid at the specified maximum operating temperature (does not include mechanical seal)
3.22
maximum discharge pressure
maximum suction pressure plus the maximum differential pressure of the pump when operating at rated speed and the specified normal relative density (specific gravity)
3.23
maximum dynamic sealing pressure
highest pressure expected at the seals during any specified operating condition and during start-up and shut-down
Note: Both dynamic and static sealing pressures are important to selection of the mechanical seal. They are dependent on the pump suction pressure, operating point and pump clearances. They are also affected by the pressure of the seal flush. This pressure is specified by the seal vendor. See GB/T 34875-2017 or ANSI/API Std 682/ISO 21049.
3.24
maximum operating temperature
highest temperature of the pumped liquid, including upset conditions, to which the pump is exposed
Note: This temperature is specified by the seal vendor. See GB/T 34875-2017 or ANSI/API Std 682/ISO 21049.
3.25
maximum static sealing pressure
highest pressure, excluding pressures encountered during hydrostatic testing, to which the seals can be subjected while the pump is shut down
3.26
maximum suction pressure
highest suction pressure to which the pump is subjected during operation (non-transient; does not include waterhammer)
3.27
minimum allowable speed
lowest speed at which the manufacturer's design permits continuous operation
Note: The speed is expressed in units of revolutions per minute (r/min).
3.28
minimum continuous stable flow
lowest flow at which the pump can operate without exceeding the vibration limits imposed by this standard
3.29
minimum continuous thermal flow
lowest flow at which the pump can operate without its operation being impaired by the temperature rise of the pumped liquid
3.30
minimum design metal temperature
lowest mean metal temperature (through the thickness) expected in service, including operation upsets, auto-refrigeration and temperature of the surrounding environment, for which the equipment is designed
3.31
multistage pump
pump with three or more stages
See also 4.2.
3.32
nominal pipe size; NPS
designation, usually followed by a size designation number, corresponding approximately to the outside diameter of the pipe
Note: The NPS is expressed in inches (in).
3.33
net positive suction head; NPSH
absolute inlet total head above the head equivalent to the vapour pressure referred to the NPSH datum plane
Note: NPSH is expressed in metres (m) or feet (ft).
3.34
net positive suction head available; NPSHA
NPSH determined by the purchaser according to the pump conditions (the liquid at the rated flow and normal pumping temperature)
3.35
net positive suction head required; NPSH3
NPSH that results in a 3 % loss of head (first-stage head in a multistage pump) determined by the vendor by testing with water
3.36
normal operating point
point at which the pump is expected to operate under normal process conditions
3.37
normal-wear part
part normally restored or replaced at each pump overhaul
Examples: Wear rings, inter-stage bushings, balancing device, throat bushing, seal faces, bearings and gaskets.
3.38
observed inspection
observed test
inspection or test where the purchaser is notified of the timing of the inspection or test and the inspection or test is performed as scheduled, regardless of whether the purchaser or his representative is present
3.39
oil-mist lubrication
lubrication provided by oil mist produced by atomization and transported to the bearing housing by compressed air
3.40
operating region
portion of a pump's hydraulic coverage over which the pump operates
3.41
overhung pump
pump whose impeller is supported by a cantilever shaft from its bearing assembly
3.42
preferred operating region
portion of a pump's hydraulic coverage over which the pump's vibration is within the base limit of this standard
3.43
pressure casing
composite of all stationary pressure-containing parts of the pump, including all nozzles, seal glands, seal chambers and auxiliary connections but excluding the stationary and rotating members of mechanical seals
Note: The seal flush piping, auxiliary piping and valves on the atmospheric side of the seal gland are not part of the pressure casing.
3.44
purchaser
owner, or owner's agent, who issues the order and specification to the vendor
3.45
pure oil-mist lubrication
(dry sump) system in which the mist both lubricates the bearing(s) and purges the housing and there is no oil level in the sump
3.46
purge oil-mist lubrication
(wet sump) systems in which the mist only purges the bearing housing
3.47
radially split
split with the principal joint of pump casing perpendicular to the pump axis
3.48
rated operating point
point at which the vendor certifies that pump performance is within the tolerances stated in this standard
Note: Normally, the rated operating point is the specified operating point with the highest flow.
3.49
relative density
specific gravity
property of a liquid expressed as the ratio of the liquid's density to that of water at standard temperature
Note: Standard temperature is 4 °C (39.2 °F).
3.50
rotor
assembly of all the rotating parts of a centrifugal pump
3.51
similar pump
pump that is accepted, by agreement between purchaser and manufacturer as sufficiently similar to not require a lateral analysis, taking into account the factors listed for an identical pump (3.18)
3.52
specific speed
index relating flow, total head and rotational speed for pumps of similar geometry
3.53
stage
one impeller and associated diffuser or volute and return channel, if required
3.54
suction-specific speed
index relating flow, NPSH3 and rotative speed for pumps of similar geometry
3.55
throat bushing
device that forms a restrictive close clearance around the sleeve (or shaft) between the seal or inner seal of a dual seal cartridge and the impeller
3.56
total indicator reading
total indicated runout; TIR
difference between the maximum and minimum readings of a dial indicator or similar device, monitoring a face or cylindrical surface, during one complete revolution of the monitored surface
Note: For a perfectly cylindrical surface, the indicator reading implies an eccentricity equal to half the reading. For a perfectly flat face, the indicator reading gives an squareness equal to the reading. If the diameter in question is not perfectly cylindrical or flat, interpretation of the meaning of TIR is more complex and can represent ovality or lobing.
3.57
trip speed
(electric motor driver) electric motor driver?-synchronous speed at maximum supply frequency
3.58
trip speed
(variable-speed driver) variable-speed driver-speed at which the independent emergency over-speed device operates to shut down the driver
3.59
unit responsibility
responsibility for coordinating the documentation, delivery and technical aspects of the equipment and all auxiliary systems included in the scope of the order
Note: The technical aspects for consideration include, but are not limited to, such factors as the power requirements, speed, rotation, general arrangement, couplings, dynamics, lubrication, sealing system, material test reports, instrumentation, piping, conformance to specifications and testing of components.
3.60
vendor
supplier
manufacturer or manufacturer's agent that supplies the equipment and is normally responsible for service support
3.61
vertical in-line pump
vertical-axis, single-stage, overhung pump whose suction and discharge connections have a common centreline that is perpendicular to the pump axis
Note: Types VS6 and VS7 are not considered in-line pumps.
3.62
vertically suspended pump
vertical-axis pump whose liquid end is suspended from a column and mounting plate
Note: The pump's liquid end is usually submerged in the pumped liquid.
3.63
wet critical speed
rotor critical speed calculated considering the additional support and damping produced by the action of the pumped liquid within internal running clearances at the operating conditions and allowing for stiffness and damping within the bearings
3.64
witnessed test
witnessed inspection
inspection or test for which the purchaser is notified of the timing of the inspection or test and a hold is placed on the inspection or test until the purchaser or his agent is in attendance
4 General
4.1 Unit responsibility
Unless otherwise specified, the pump vendor shall have unit responsibility. The pump vendor shall ensure that all sub-vendors comply with the requirements of this standard and all reference documents.
4.2 Classification and designation
4.2.1 Description of codes
The pumps described in this standard are classified and designated by type codes, as shown in Table 1.
?
Table 1 Pump classification type identification
Pump type a Orientation Type code
Centrifugal pumps Overhung Flexibly coupled Horizontal Foot-mounted OH1
Centreline-supported OH2
Vertical in-line with bearing bracket — OH3
Rigidly coupled Vertical in-line — OH4
Close-coupled Vertical in-line — OH5
High-speed integrally geared — OH6
Between-bearings 1- and 2-stage Axially split — BB1
Radially split — BB2
Multistage Axially split — BB3
Radially split Single casing BB4
Double casing BB5
Vertically suspended Single casing Discharge through column Diffuser VS1
Volute VS2
Axial flow VS3
Separate discharge Line shaft VS4
Cantilever VS5
Double casing Diffuser — VS6
Volute — VS7
a Illustrations of the various types of pump are provided in 4.2.2.
4.2.2 Pump designations and descriptions
4.2.2.1 Pump type OH1
Foot-mounted, single-stage overhung pumps shall be designated pump type OH1, see Figure 1. (This type does not meet all the requirements of this standard; see Table 3.)
Figure 1 Pump type OH1
4.2.2.2 Pump type OH2
Centreline-mounted, single-stage overhung pumps shall be designated pump type OH2, see Figure 2. They have a single bearing housing to absorb all forces imposed upon the pump shaft and maintain rotor position during operation. The pumps are mounted on a baseplate and are flexibly coupled to their drivers.
Foreword i
Introduction iv
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General
4.1 Unit responsibility
4.2 Classification and designation
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Units
5.2 Statutory requirements
5.3 Requirements
6 Basic design
6.1 General
6.2 Pump types
6.3 Pressure casings
6.4 Nozzles and pressure casing connections
6.5 External nozzle forces and moments
6.6 Rotors
6.7 Wear rings and running clearances
6.8 Mechanical shaft seals
6.9 Dynamics
6.10 Bearings and bearing housings
6.11 Lubrication
6.12 Materials
6.13 Nameplates and rotation arrows
7 Accessories
7.1 Drivers
7.2 Couplings and guards
7.3 Baseplates
7.4 Instrumentation
7.5 Piping and appurtenances
7.6 Special tools
8 Inspection, testing, and preparation for shipment
8.1 General
8.2 Inspection
8.3 Testing
8.4 Preparation for shipment
9 Specific pump types
9.1 Single-stage overhung pumps
9.2 Between-bearings pumps (types BB1, BB2, BB3 and BB5)
9.3 Vertically suspended pumps (types VS1 through VS7)
10 Vendor's data
10.1 General
10.2 Proposals
10.3 Contract data
Annex A (Informative) Corresponding numbering of equivalent clauses between this standard and ISO 13709: 2009
Annex B (Informative) Technical deviations of this standard from ISO 13709: 2009 and their justifications
Annex C (Informative) Pump datasheets and electronic data exchange
Annex D (Normative) Hydraulic power recovery turbines
Annex E (Informative) Specific speed and suction-specific speed
Annex F (Normative) Cooling water and lubrication system schematics
Annex G (Normative) Materials and material specification for pump parts
Annex H (Normative) Criteria for piping design
Annex I (Informative) Shaft stiffness and bearing system life
Annex J (Informative) Materials class selection guidance
Annex K (Normative) Standard baseplates
Annex L (Informative) Inspector's checklist
Annex M (Informative) Test data summary
Annex N (Informative) Vendor drawing and data requirements
Annex O (Normative) Lateral analysis
Annex P (Normative) Determination of residual unbalance
Bibliography
石油、石化和天然氣工業(yè)用離心泵
1 范圍
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了石油、石化和天然氣工業(yè)用離心泵的要求，包括泵反轉(zhuǎn)用于能量回收的液力回收透平。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于懸臂式泵，兩端支承式泵和立式懸吊式泵(見(jiàn)表1)。第9章規(guī)定的要求適用于特定泵型。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的所有其他條款適用于所有泵型。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給出了各種規(guī)定泵型的示意圖，以及每種規(guī)定泵型的型式代號(hào)。
依據(jù)相關(guān)的行業(yè)運(yùn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)，當(dāng)泵輸送液體超過(guò)下列任一條件時(shí)，依據(jù)本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)生產(chǎn)的泵對(duì)控制成本是有益的：
——排出壓力(表壓) 1 900 kPa(275 psi；19.0 bar)
——吸入壓力(表壓) 500 kPa(75 psi；5.0 bar)
——輸送溫度 150 ℃(300 ℉)
——運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)速 3 600r／min
——額定總揚(yáng)程 120 m(400 ft)
——葉輪直徑，懸臂式泵 330 mm(13 in)
注：對(duì)于無(wú)軸封泵，可參照API Std 685的規(guī)定。石油、石化和天然氣工業(yè)以外工業(yè)應(yīng)用的重載荷泵，參照ISO 9905的規(guī)定。
2 規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件對(duì)于本文件的應(yīng)用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB／T 193 普通螺紋 直徑與螺距系列(GB／T 193-2003，ISO 261：1998，MOD)
GB／T 196 普通螺紋 基本尺寸(GB／T 196-2003，ISO 724：1993，MOD)
GB／T 755 旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī) 定額和性能(GB／T 755-2008，IEC 60034-1：2004，IDT)
GB／T 3216 回轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)力泵 水力性能驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn) 1級(jí)、2級(jí)和3級(jí)(GB／T 3216-2016，ISO 9906：2012，IDT)
GB／T 3768 聲學(xué) 聲壓法測(cè)定噪聲源聲功率級(jí)和聲能量級(jí) 采用反射面上方包絡(luò)測(cè)量面的簡(jiǎn)易法(GB／T 3768-2017，ISO 3746：2010，IDT)
GB／T 6391-2010 滾動(dòng)軸承 額定動(dòng)載荷和額定壽命(ISO 281：2007，IDT)
GB／T 6557 撓性轉(zhuǎn)子機(jī)械平衡的方法和準(zhǔn)則(GB／T 6557-2009，ISO 11342：1998，IDT)
GB／T 7307 55°非密封管螺紋(GB／T 7307-2001，ISO 228-1：1994，MOD)
GB／T 8196 機(jī)械安全 防護(hù)裝置 固定式和活動(dòng)式防護(hù)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與制造一般要求(GB／T 8196-2003，ISO 14120：2002，MOD)
GB／T 8923(所有部分) 涂覆涂料前鋼材表面處理 表面清潔度的目視評(píng)定[ISO8501(所有部分)]
GB／T 9144 普通螺紋 優(yōu)選系列(GB／T 9144-2003，ISO 262：1998，MOD)
GB／T 9239.1 機(jī)械振動(dòng) 恒態(tài)(剛性)轉(zhuǎn)子平衡品質(zhì)要求 第1部分：規(guī)范與平衡允差的檢驗(yàn)(GB／T 9239.1-2006，ISO 1940-1：2003，IDT)
GB／T 19867(所有部分) 金屬材料焊接工藝規(guī)程及評(píng)定 焊接工藝規(guī)程[ISO 15609(所有部分)]
GB／T 20972.1 石油天然氣工業(yè) 油氣開(kāi)采中用于含硫化氫環(huán)境的材料 第1部分：選擇抗裂紋材料的一般原則(GB／T 20972.1-2007，ISO 15156-1：2001，IDT)
GB／Z 32458 輸送黏性液體的離心泵 性能修正(GB／Z 32458-2015，ISO／TR 17766：2005，IDT)
GB／T 34875-2017 離心泵和轉(zhuǎn)子泵用軸封系統(tǒng)(ISO 21049：2004，IDT)
GB／T 35147 石油天然氣工業(yè) 機(jī)械動(dòng)力傳輸撓性聯(lián)軸器 一般用途(GB／T 35147-2017，ISO 14691：2008，MOD)
ISO 7-1 螺紋上有壓力密封接頭的管螺紋 第1部分：標(biāo)記、尺寸和公差(Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads-Part 1：Demensions，tolerances and designation)
ISO 286(所有部分) ISO極限和配合體系(ISO system of limits and fits)
ISO 965(所有部分) 一般用途米制螺紋 公差(ISO geneal-purpose metric screw threads-Tol-erances)
ISO 3117 切向鍵和鍵槽(Tangential keys and keyways)
ISO 4200 焊縫及無(wú)縫(無(wú)螺紋)平端鋼管 尺寸和單位長(zhǎng)度質(zhì)量(Plain end steel tubes，welded and seamless—General tables of dimensions and masses per unit length)
ISO 5753 滾動(dòng)軸承 游隙(Rolling bearing—Radial internal clearance)
ISO 7005-1 金屬法蘭 第1部分：工業(yè)管道系統(tǒng)和通用管道系統(tǒng)用鋼法蘭(Metallic flanges—Part 1：Steel flanges for industrial and general service piping systems)
ISO 7005-2 金屬法蘭 第2部分：鑄鐵法蘭(Metallic flanges—Part2：Cast iron flanges)
ISO 9606(所有部分) 焊工的認(rèn)可考試 熔焊1)(Approval testing of welders—Fusion welding)
ISO 10438：2007(所有部分) 石油、石化和天然氣工業(yè) 潤(rùn)滑、軸封和控油系統(tǒng)及輔助設(shè)備(Pe-troleum，petrochemical and natural gas industries—Lubrication，shaft-sealing and control-oil systems and auxiliaries)
ISO 10441 石油、石化和天然氣工業(yè) 機(jī)械動(dòng)力傳輸用彈性聯(lián)軸器 特殊應(yīng)用(Petroleum，pet-rochemical and natural gas industries-Flexible couplings for mechanical power transmission—Special-purpose applications)
ISO 10721-2 鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 第2部分：制造和安裝(Steel structures—Part2：Fabrication and erection)
ISO 15649 石油和天然氣 工業(yè)管道(Petroleum and natural gas industries—Piping)
IEC 60034-2-1 旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī) 第2-1部分：通過(guò)試驗(yàn)測(cè)定損耗和效率的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法(不包括牽引車(chē)輛用電機(jī))[Rotating electrical machines—Part2-1：Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles)]
__________________
1) ISO 9606的一些部分正在修訂中，一些修改內(nèi)容是焊工資格考試部分。
IEC 60079(所有部分) 爆炸性氣體環(huán)境電氣設(shè)備2)(Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmos-pheres)
EN 953 機(jī)械安全 防護(hù)裝置 固定和移動(dòng)防護(hù)裝置構(gòu)造和設(shè)計(jì)的一般要求(Safety of machin-ery—Guards—General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards)
EN 13445(所有部分) 不用火加熱的壓力容器(Unfired pressure vessels)
EN 13463-1 潛在爆炸性空氣中使用的非電氣設(shè)備 第1部分：基本方法和要求(Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres—Part1：Basic method and requirements)
ANSI／ABMA 7 米制徑向球軸承和滾子軸承(錐形滾柱軸承除外)用軸和軸承座的配合(與基本平面圖相符合)3)[Shaft and Housing Fits for Metric Radial Ball and Roller Bearings (Except Tapered Roller Bearings) Conforming to Basic Boundary Plan]
ANSI／AGMA 9000 彈性聯(lián)軸器 潛在不平衡的分類4)(Flexible Couplings—Potential Unbalance Classification)
ANSI／AGMA 9002 彈性聯(lián)軸器的鏜孔和鍵槽(英制系列)[Boresand Keyways for Flexible Cou-plings(Inch Series)]
ANSI／AMT B15.1 機(jī)械動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)裝置用安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5)(Safety Standard for Mechanical Power Transmission Apparatus)
ANSI／API Std 541 鼠籠式模繞感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī) 500馬力及更大(Form-Wound Squirrel-Cage In-duction Motors-500 Horsepower and Larger)
ANSI／API Std 611 石油、石化和天然氣工業(yè)用汽輪機(jī)(Generl-Purpose Steam Turbines for Pe-troleum，Chemical and Gas Industry Services)
ANSI／API Std 670 機(jī)械保護(hù)系統(tǒng)(Machinery Protection Systems)
ANSI／API Std 671／ISO 10441 石油、化工和天然氣工業(yè)特殊用途聯(lián)軸器(Special Purpose Cou-plings for Petroleum，Chemical and Gas Industry Services)
ANSI／ASME B1.1 統(tǒng)一英制螺紋，UN和UNR螺紋形式6)(Unified Inch Screw Threads，
UN and UNR Thread Form)
ANSI／ASME B16.1 灰口鑄鐵管法蘭及法蘭配件：25、125和250級(jí)(Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings：Classes 25，125 and 250)
ANSI／ASME B16.5 管法蘭及法蘭配件：NPS1／2至NPS24米制／英制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings：NPS1／2through NPS 24 Metric／Inch Standard)
ANSI／ASME B16.11 鍛造鋼配件，承插焊和螺紋連接(Forged Steel Fittings，Socket-Welding and Threaded)
ANSI／ASME B16.42 球墨鑄鐵管法蘭和法蘭配件，150和300級(jí)(Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings，Classes 150 and 300)
ANSI／ASME B16.47 大直徑鋼法蘭：NPS26-NPS 60(Larger Diameter Steel Flanges：NPS 26 Through NPS 60)
______________________
2) 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的許多部分是爆炸氣體的內(nèi)容。
3) 美國(guó)軸承制造商協(xié)會(huì)，2025 M Street，NW，Suite 800，Washington，DC 20036，USA。
4) 美國(guó)設(shè)備制造商協(xié)會(huì)，1500 King Street，Suite 201，Alexandria，VA 22314，USA。
5) 美國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)會(huì)，1819 L Street，Suite 600，Washington，D.C. 20036，USA。
6) 美國(guó)機(jī)械工程師學(xué)會(huì)，Three Park Avenue，New York，NY 10016-5990，USA。
ANSI／ASME B18.18.2M 大容量機(jī)組用緊固件的檢驗(yàn)和質(zhì)量保證(Inspection and Quality As-surance for High-Volume Machine Assembly Fasteners)
ANSI／ASME B31.3 工藝管線(Process Piping)
ANSI／HI 1.6 離心泵試驗(yàn)7)(Centrifugal Tests)
ANSI／HI 2.6 立式泵試驗(yàn)用美國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(American National Standard for Vertical Pump Tests)
API Std 547 通用鼠籠式纏繞感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī) 250馬力及更大(General-Purpose Form-Wound Squirrel Cage Induction Motors—250 Horsepower and Larger)
API Std 677 石油、化工和天然氣工業(yè)通用齒輪箱系統(tǒng)(General-Purpose Gear Units for Petrole-um，Chemical and Gas Industry Services)
ASME 鍋爐和壓力容器規(guī)范BPVC 第Ⅴ卷，無(wú)損檢測(cè)(Boiler and pressure vessel code BPVC，Section Ⅴ，Nondestructive Examination)
ASME 鍋爐和壓力容器規(guī)范BPVC 第Ⅷ卷，壓力容器建造規(guī)則(Boiler and pressure vessel code BPVC，Section Ⅷ，Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels)
ASME 鍋爐和壓力容器規(guī)范BPVC 第Ⅸ卷，焊接和釬焊評(píng)定(Boiler and pressure vessel code BPVC，Section Ⅸ，Welding and Brazing Qualifications)
DIN 910 重型六角頭螺塞8)(Heavy-duty hexagon head screw plugs)
IEE 841 石油、化工工業(yè)IEEE標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 全封閉風(fēng)扇冷卻式(TEFC)重載鼠籠式感應(yīng)電動(dòng)
機(jī) 小于或等于370 kW(500 hp)9)[IEEE Standard for Petroleum and Chemical Industry—Severe Duty Totally Enclosed Fan-Cooled (TEFC) Squirrel Cage Induction Motors—Up to and Including 500 hp]
MSS SP-55 閥門(mén)、法蘭、管件和其他管道部件用鑄鋼件質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 表面缺陷評(píng)定的目視檢驗(yàn)方法10)(Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves，F(xiàn)langes and Fittings and Other Piping Compo-nents—Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities)
NACE MR0103 石油精煉的腐蝕環(huán)境下耐硫化物應(yīng)力開(kāi)裂的材料11)(Materials Resistant to Sul-fide Stress Cracking in Corrosive Petroleum Refining Environments)
NFPA 70：2008 國(guó)家電氣規(guī)范12)(National Electrical Code)
SSPC SP 6 工業(yè)級(jí)噴砂清理13)(Commercial Blast Cleaning)
___________________
7) 液壓研究所，9 Sylvan Way，Parsippany，NJ 07054，USA。
8) 德國(guó)工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，Burggrafenstrasse 6，Berlin，Germany D-10787。
9) 電氣與電子工程師協(xié)會(huì)，445 Hoes Lane，Piscataway，NJ 08855-1331，USA。
10) 閥和配件工業(yè)制造商標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)會(huì)，127 Park Street N.E.，Vienna，VA 22180-4602，USA。
11) 國(guó)家耐腐蝕工程師協(xié)會(huì)，Houston，Texas，USA。
12) 國(guó)家防火協(xié)會(huì)，1 Batterymarch Park，Quincy，MA 02169-7471，USA。
13) 保護(hù)涂層學(xué)會(huì)，40 24th Street，6th Floor，Pittsburgh，PA 15222-4643，USA。
3 術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義
下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。
3.1
軸向剖分 axially split
泵殼的主密封面平行于軸線。
3.2
允許工作范圍 allowable operating region
以振動(dòng)在本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的上限范圍內(nèi)，或者制造廠規(guī)定的溫升限制或其他限制為基礎(chǔ)，制造廠規(guī)定的允許泵工作的水力性能范圍。
3.3
筒型泵 barrel pump
雙殼體臥式泵。
3.4
隔離流體 barrier fluid
外部提供的流體，其壓力高于泵密封腔壓力，引入到布置方式3密封(承壓雙端面機(jī)械密封)，實(shí)現(xiàn)泵送液體與大氣的完全隔離。
3.5
最佳效率點(diǎn) best efficiency point；BEP
泵在額定葉輪直徑下達(dá)到其最高效率的流量點(diǎn)。
注：最大葉輪直徑下的最佳效率點(diǎn)流量是用來(lái)確定泵的比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)和汽蝕比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)的。減小葉輪直徑后，同樣減小了最佳效率點(diǎn)流量。
3.6
緩沖流體 buffer fluid
外部提供的流體，其壓力低于泵密封腔壓力，在布置方式2密封(非承壓雙端面機(jī)械密封)中起潤(rùn)滑和／或稀釋的作用。
3.7
集裝組合體 cartridge-type element
除殼體以外的所有泵零件的組裝體。
3.8
傳統(tǒng)剛性 classically stiff
其特性為泵的一階干臨界轉(zhuǎn)速高出泵最大連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)速以下數(shù)值：
對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)僅作濕運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)子為20%；
對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)成能夠干運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)子為30%。
3.9
臨界轉(zhuǎn)速 critical speed
轉(zhuǎn)子-軸承-支撐系統(tǒng)處于共振狀態(tài)的軸轉(zhuǎn)速。
3.10
基準(zhǔn)標(biāo)高 datum elevation
NPSH所參考的海拔高度值(見(jiàn)6.1.8)。
參見(jiàn)：汽蝕余量(3.33)。
3.11
設(shè)計(jì) design
制造商的計(jì)算參數(shù)。
注：“設(shè)計(jì)”是設(shè)備制造商用來(lái)描述各種參數(shù)的術(shù)語(yǔ)，如設(shè)計(jì)功率、設(shè)計(jì)壓力、設(shè)計(jì)溫度或設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)速。這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)宜僅限于設(shè)備制造商使用，不宜用于買(mǎi)方的技術(shù)條件中。
3.12
雙殼體 double casing
壓力殼體獨(dú)立于殼體內(nèi)的過(guò)流部件的泵結(jié)構(gòu)型式。
注：過(guò)流部件包括導(dǎo)葉、隔板、碗形和蝸形內(nèi)殼體。
3.13
驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置部件 drive-train component
用于驅(qū)動(dòng)泵的有序使用的設(shè)備物項(xiàng)。
示例：電動(dòng)機(jī)、齒輪箱、透平、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、液力驅(qū)動(dòng)、離合器。
3.14
干臨界轉(zhuǎn)速 dry critical speed
計(jì)算的轉(zhuǎn)子臨界轉(zhuǎn)速，假定條件為沒(méi)有液體影響，轉(zhuǎn)子僅由其軸承支撐，軸承為無(wú)限剛度。
3.15
組合體 element
芯包 bundle
離心泵轉(zhuǎn)子部件和內(nèi)部靜止零件的組裝體。
3.16
液力回收透平 hydraulic power recovery turbine；HPRT
用來(lái)從液流中回收能量的透平機(jī)。
3.17
流體動(dòng)壓軸承 hydrodynamic bearing
利用流體動(dòng)壓潤(rùn)滑原理工作的軸承。
3.18
同種泵 identical pump
具有相同的尺寸、水力設(shè)計(jì)、級(jí)數(shù)、轉(zhuǎn)速、間隙、軸封型式(軸向端面或卸壓襯套)、軸承類型、聯(lián)軸器質(zhì)量和聯(lián)軸器懸臂長(zhǎng)，且輸送相同液體的泵。
3.19
最大允許轉(zhuǎn)速 maximum allowable speed
制造商設(shè)計(jì)所允許的連續(xù)工作的最高轉(zhuǎn)速。
3.20
最高允許溫度 maximum allowable temperature
制造商為該設(shè)備(或術(shù)語(yǔ)所指的任何部分)按規(guī)定最大工作壓力下輸送某種指定液體而設(shè)計(jì)的最高連續(xù)工作溫度(不包括機(jī)械密封)。
參見(jiàn)：壓力殼體(3.43)。
3.21
最大允許工作壓力 maximum allowable working pressure；MAWP
制造商為該設(shè)備(或術(shù)語(yǔ)所指的任何部分)按規(guī)定的最高工作溫度下輸送某種指定液體而設(shè)計(jì)的最大連續(xù)工作壓力(不包括機(jī)械密封)。
3.22
最大排出壓力 maximum discharge pressure
最大吸入壓力加上在額定轉(zhuǎn)速和規(guī)定的正常相對(duì)密度(比重)下泵工作時(shí)產(chǎn)生的最大壓差。
3.23
最大動(dòng)態(tài)密封壓力 maximum dynamic sealing pressure
在任何規(guī)定的工作條件下，以及在啟動(dòng)與停機(jī)的過(guò)程中，密封處預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)受到的最高壓力。
注：動(dòng)態(tài)和靜態(tài)密封壓力對(duì)機(jī)械密封的選擇都是重要的。這些壓力取決于泵的吸入壓力、工況點(diǎn)和泵間隙。這些壓力也受密封沖洗壓力的影響。最大動(dòng)態(tài)密封壓力由密封賣(mài)方規(guī)定。見(jiàn)GB／T 34875-2017或ANSI／API Std 682／ISO 21049。
3.24
最高工作溫度 maximum operating temperature
泵所輸送液體的最高溫度，包括泵所能出現(xiàn)的失常條件。
注：最高工作溫度由密封賣(mài)方規(guī)定。見(jiàn)GB／T 34875-2017或ANSI／API Std 682／ISO 21049。
3.25
最大靜態(tài)密封壓力 maximum static sealing pressure
泵在停機(jī)時(shí)密封承受到的最高壓力，不包括泵在做靜水壓試驗(yàn)期間所承受的壓力。
3.26
最大吸入壓力 maximum suction pressure
泵在工作期間所承受的最高吸入壓力(非瞬態(tài)，不包括水錘)。
3.27
最低允許轉(zhuǎn)速 minimum allowable speed
制造商設(shè)計(jì)允許的連續(xù)工作的最低轉(zhuǎn)速。
注：轉(zhuǎn)速的單位為轉(zhuǎn)每分(r／min)。
3.28
最小連續(xù)穩(wěn)定流量 minimum continuous stable flow
在不超出本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所規(guī)定的振動(dòng)限值下泵能夠工作的最小流量。
3.29
最小連續(xù)熱限制流量 minimum continuous thermal flow
泵能夠工作而其運(yùn)行不致被泵所輸送液體的溫升所損害的最小流量。
3.30
最低設(shè)計(jì)金屬溫度 minimum design metal temperature
在使用中所預(yù)期的最低平均金屬溫度(厚度方向)，設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)考慮運(yùn)行失常、自制冷以及環(huán)境溫度等因素。
3.31
多級(jí)泵 multistage pump
3級(jí)及3級(jí)以上的泵。
見(jiàn)4.2。
3.32
公稱管徑 nominal pipe size；NPS
通常在尺寸代號(hào)后標(biāo)記，近似于管外徑。
注：NPS的單位為英寸(in)。
3.33
汽蝕余量 net positive suction head；NPSH
高于汽化壓力的吸入口總絕對(duì)水頭，以NPSH基準(zhǔn)面為基準(zhǔn)。
注：NPSH的單位為米(m)或英尺(ft)。
3.34
有效汽蝕余量 net positive suction head available；NPSHA
買(mǎi)方根據(jù)泵裝置條件(液體是在額定流量和正常輸送溫度下)確定的NPSH。
3.35
必需汽蝕余量 net positive suction head required；NPSH3
賣(mài)方用水進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)來(lái)確定的在揚(yáng)程(在多級(jí)泵中是第1級(jí)揚(yáng)程)下降3%時(shí)的NPSH。
3.36
正常工況點(diǎn) normal operating point
在正常流程條件下期望泵工作的點(diǎn)。
3.37
易損件 normal-wear part
在每次泵大修時(shí)正常要修復(fù)或更換的零件。
示例：耐磨環(huán)、級(jí)間襯套、平衡裝置、喉部襯套、密封件、軸承和墊。
3.38
觀察檢查 observed inspection
觀察試驗(yàn) observed test
通知買(mǎi)方按時(shí)間到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的檢查或試驗(yàn)，不管買(mǎi)方或其代表是否到場(chǎng)，檢查或試驗(yàn)都要如期進(jìn)行。
3.39
油霧潤(rùn)滑 oil-mist lubrication
利用壓縮空氣將潤(rùn)滑油霧化并送至軸承箱進(jìn)行的潤(rùn)滑。
3.40
工作區(qū) operating region
泵工作的水力性能區(qū)間。
3.41
懸臂式泵 overhung pump
由軸承部件伸出的懸臂軸支撐葉輪的泵。
3.42
優(yōu)先工作區(qū) preferred operating region
泵的振動(dòng)在本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本限值范圍內(nèi)的泵的水力性能區(qū)間。
3.43
壓力殼體 pressure casing
泵上所有靜止承壓零件的組合，包括所有管口、密封壓蓋、密封腔和輔助接口，但不包括機(jī)械密封的靜止元件和旋轉(zhuǎn)元件。
注：密封壓蓋大氣側(cè)的密封沖洗管路、輔助管路和閥不是壓力殼體零件。
3.44
買(mǎi)方 purchaser
向賣(mài)方發(fā)出采購(gòu)訂單和技術(shù)規(guī)格書(shū)的業(yè)主或業(yè)主代理商。
3.45
純油霧潤(rùn)滑 pure oil-mist lubrication
油霧既潤(rùn)滑軸承，又吹洗軸承箱，而且油池內(nèi)無(wú)存油的(干油池)系統(tǒng)。
3.46
吹洗油霧潤(rùn)滑 purge oil-mist lubrication
油霧只吹洗軸承箱的(濕油池)系統(tǒng)。
3.47
徑向剖分 radially split
泵殼主接合面垂直于泵軸線的剖分。
3.48
額定工況點(diǎn) rated operating point
賣(mài)方確認(rèn)泵性能在本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的允差范圍內(nèi)的工況點(diǎn)。
注：一般情況下，額定工況點(diǎn)為規(guī)定的最大流量工況點(diǎn)。
3.49
相對(duì)密度 relative density
比重 specific gravity
液體的一種性質(zhì)，表示該液體的密度與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溫度下水的密度的比值。
注：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溫度是4 ℃(39.2 ℉)。
3.50
轉(zhuǎn)子 rotor
一臺(tái)離心泵所有旋轉(zhuǎn)零件的組合。
3.51
相似泵 similar pump
當(dāng)有足夠的相似條件不需要做橫向分析，買(mǎi)方和制造商雙方協(xié)商同意接受的泵，考慮因素見(jiàn)等同泵(3.18)。
3.52
比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù) specific speed
對(duì)幾何形狀相似的泵而言，與流量、揚(yáng)程和轉(zhuǎn)速相關(guān)的特征值。
3.53
級(jí) stage
一個(gè)葉輪和相應(yīng)的導(dǎo)葉，如果需要，可有蝸殼和反流道。
3.54
汽蝕比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù) suction-specific speed
對(duì)幾何形狀相似的泵而言，與流量、NPSH3和轉(zhuǎn)速相關(guān)的特征值。
3.55
喉部襯套 throat bushing
在單密封或雙端面集裝密封的內(nèi)側(cè)密封和葉輪之間的軸套(或軸)周?chē)纬上薅ㄐ晕⑿￠g隙的一種裝置。
3.56
總指示器讀數(shù) total indicator reading
總指示跳動(dòng) total indicated runout；TIR
檢測(cè)一個(gè)平面或一個(gè)圓柱面，在一個(gè)完整的被檢測(cè)表面周期內(nèi)，千分表或類似儀表的最大和最小讀數(shù)差。
注：對(duì)于一個(gè)理想的圓柱面，儀表讀數(shù)表示圓柱面的偏心距為該讀數(shù)的1／2。對(duì)于理想的平面，儀表讀數(shù)給出了平面的垂直度等于該讀數(shù)。如果直徑表面不是理想的圓柱面或平面，則TIR的解釋就更為復(fù)雜，可能代表橢圓度或波紋度。
3.57
跳閘轉(zhuǎn)速 trip speed
〈電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)〉在最大電源頻率時(shí)電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的同步轉(zhuǎn)速。
3.58
跳閘轉(zhuǎn)速 trip speed
〈變速驅(qū)動(dòng)〉獨(dú)立的事故超速保險(xiǎn)裝置產(chǎn)生動(dòng)作關(guān)閉驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)時(shí)，變速驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速。
3.59
機(jī)組責(zé)任 unit responsibility
協(xié)調(diào)解決該設(shè)備的文件、交付和技術(shù)方面問(wèn)題的責(zé)任，包括訂單范圍內(nèi)的輔助設(shè)備系統(tǒng)。
注：要考慮的技術(shù)方面包括但不限于：功率要求、轉(zhuǎn)速、轉(zhuǎn)向、總體布置、聯(lián)軸器、動(dòng)力學(xué)、潤(rùn)滑、密封系統(tǒng)、材料試驗(yàn)報(bào)告、儀器儀表、管路、元器件的試驗(yàn)與技術(shù)條件的一致性。
3.60
賣(mài)方 vendor
供貨方 supplier
提供設(shè)備并通常負(fù)責(zé)設(shè)備的服務(wù)支持的制造商或制造商的代理商。
3.61
立式管道式泵 vertical in-line pump
立式、單級(jí)、懸臂式泵，其吸入口和排出口在同一中心線上，并與泵軸垂直。
注：VS6型和VS7型不是立式管道式泵。
3.62
立式懸吊式泵 vertically suspended pump
立式泵，其過(guò)流部位懸吊在懸吊管和安裝板上。
注：泵的過(guò)流部位通常浸沒(méi)在泵所輸送的液體中。
3.63
濕臨界轉(zhuǎn)速 wet critical speed
考慮了泵在工作條件下，內(nèi)部運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)間隙中由泵所輸送液體產(chǎn)生的附加支承和阻尼作用，以及軸承內(nèi)的允許剛度和阻尼計(jì)算出的轉(zhuǎn)子臨界轉(zhuǎn)速。
3.64
見(jiàn)證試驗(yàn) witnessed test
見(jiàn)證檢查 witnessed inspection
把檢查或試驗(yàn)的時(shí)間安排通知買(mǎi)方，只有買(mǎi)方或其代理人到場(chǎng)才能進(jìn)行檢查或試驗(yàn)。
4 總則
4.1 機(jī)組責(zé)任
除非另有規(guī)定，泵的賣(mài)方應(yīng)負(fù)有機(jī)組責(zé)任。泵的賣(mài)方應(yīng)確保所有分供方遵守本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和引用文件的要求。
4.2 分類和名稱
4.2.1 代號(hào)描述
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)描述的泵按型式代號(hào)來(lái)分類和命名，見(jiàn)表1。
表1 泵分類型式標(biāo)識(shí)
泵型式a 方向 型式代號(hào)
離心泵 懸臂式 彈性聯(lián)接 臥式 底腳安裝 OH1
中心線支承 OH2
帶軸承架立式管道式 — OH3
剛性聯(lián)接 立式管道式 — OH4
共軸聯(lián)接 立式管道式 — OH5
高速一體齒輪傳動(dòng)式 — OH6
兩端支承式 單級(jí)和兩級(jí) 軸向剖分式 — BB1
徑向剖分式 — BB2
多級(jí) 軸向剖分式 — BB3
徑向剖分式 單殼體 BB4
雙殼體 BB5
立式懸吊式 單殼體 通過(guò)懸吊管排出式 導(dǎo)流殼 VS1
蝸殼 VS2
軸流 VS3
單獨(dú)排出式 長(zhǎng)軸式 VS4
懸臂式 VS5
雙殼體 導(dǎo)流殼式 — VS6
蝸殼式 — VS7
a 不同泵型式圖示見(jiàn)4.2.2。
4.2.2 泵名稱和描述
4.2.2.1 OH1型泵
OH1型泵應(yīng)是底腳安裝、單級(jí)懸臂式泵，見(jiàn)圖1(此型泵不能滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的所有要求，見(jiàn)表3)。
圖1 OH1型泵
4.2.2.2 OH2型泵
OH2型泵應(yīng)是中心線支承、單級(jí)懸臂式泵，見(jiàn)圖2。該型泵有單獨(dú)的軸承箱來(lái)承受所有作用在泵軸上的力，并在工作期間保持轉(zhuǎn)子的位置。泵安裝在底座上，并與驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)彈性聯(lián)接。
圖2 OH2型泵
4.2.2.3 OH3型泵
OH3型泵應(yīng)是帶獨(dú)立軸承架的立式、管道式、單級(jí)懸臂式泵，見(jiàn)圖3。該型泵具有與泵成一體的軸承箱來(lái)承受所有的泵載荷。驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)安裝在與泵成一體的支架上。泵與驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)彈性聯(lián)接。
圖3 OH3型泵
4.2.2.4OH4型泵
OH4型泵應(yīng)是剛性聯(lián)接、立式、管道式、單級(jí)懸臂式泵，見(jiàn)圖4。剛性聯(lián)接的泵，其軸與驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)軸剛性聯(lián)接(此型泵不能滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的所有要求，見(jiàn)表3)。
圖4 OH4型泵
4.2.2.5 OH5型泵
OH5型泵應(yīng)是同軸聯(lián)接、立式、管道式、單級(jí)懸臂式泵，見(jiàn)圖5。同軸泵的葉輪直接裝在驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)的軸上(此型泵不能滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的所有要求，見(jiàn)表3)。
圖5 OH5型泵
4.2.2.6 OH6型泵
OH6型泵應(yīng)是高速、一體、齒輪傳動(dòng)式、單級(jí)懸臂式泵，見(jiàn)圖6。該型泵具有一個(gè)與泵成一體的增速齒輪箱。葉輪直接安裝在齒輪箱的輸出軸上。齒輪箱和泵之間沒(méi)有聯(lián)軸器，齒輪箱彈性聯(lián)接到驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)上。泵可為立式或臥式。
圖6 OH6型泵
4.2.2.7 BB1型泵
BB1型泵應(yīng)是軸向剖分、單級(jí)和兩級(jí)、兩端支承式泵，見(jiàn)圖7。
圖7 BB1型泵
4.2.2.8 BB2型泵
BB2型泵應(yīng)是徑向剖分、單級(jí)和兩級(jí)、兩端支承式泵，見(jiàn)圖8。
圖8 BB2型泵
4.2.2.9 BB3型泵
BB3型泵應(yīng)是軸向剖分、多級(jí)、兩端支承式泵，見(jiàn)圖9。
圖9 BB3型泵
4.2.2.10 BB4型泵
BB4型泵應(yīng)是單殼體、徑向剖分、多級(jí)、兩端支承式泵，見(jiàn)圖10。該型泵也稱為節(jié)段泵、分段泵和穿杠泵。這些泵的每級(jí)間有潛在的泄漏途徑(此型泵不能滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的所有要求，見(jiàn)表3)。
圖10 BB4型泵
4.2.2.11 BB5型泵
BB5型泵應(yīng)是雙殼體、徑向剖分、多級(jí)、兩端支承式泵(筒型泵)，見(jiàn)圖11。
圖11 BB5型泵
4.2.2.12 VS1型泵
VS1型泵應(yīng)是通過(guò)懸吊管排出的濕坑、立式懸吊、單殼體、導(dǎo)流殼式泵，見(jiàn)圖12。
圖12 VS1型泵
4.2.2.13 VS2型泵
VS2型泵應(yīng)是通過(guò)懸吊管排出的濕坑、立式懸吊、單殼體、蝸殼式泵，見(jiàn)圖13。
圖13 VS2型泵
4.2.2.14 VS3型泵
VS3型泵應(yīng)是通過(guò)懸吊管排出的濕坑、立式懸吊、單殼體、軸流式泵，見(jiàn)圖14。
圖14 VS3型泵
4.2.2.15 VS4型泵
VS4型泵應(yīng)是立式懸吊、單殼體、蝸殼、長(zhǎng)軸驅(qū)動(dòng)式液下泵，見(jiàn)圖15。
圖15 VS4型泵
4.2.2.16 VS5型泵
VS5型泵應(yīng)是立式懸吊、懸臂式液下泵，見(jiàn)圖16。
圖16 VS5型泵
4.2.2.17 VS6型泵
VS6型泵應(yīng)是雙殼體、導(dǎo)流殼、立式懸吊式泵，見(jiàn)圖17。
圖17 VS6型泵
4.2.2.18 VS7型泵
VS7型泵應(yīng)是雙殼體、蝸殼、立式懸吊式泵，見(jiàn)圖18。
圖18 VS7型泵
5 技術(shù)要求
●5.1 單位
買(mǎi)方應(yīng)規(guī)定泵數(shù)據(jù)、圖紙和維修尺寸使用國(guó)際單位制(SI)或美國(guó)單位制(USC)。采用SI數(shù)據(jù)表(參見(jiàn)圖C.1)表示應(yīng)使用國(guó)際單位制。采用USC數(shù)據(jù)表(參見(jiàn)圖C.2)表示應(yīng)使用美國(guó)單位制。
5.2 法規(guī)要求
買(mǎi)方和賣(mài)方應(yīng)共同確定適用于該設(shè)備及其包裝和保存的措施，這些措施有必要遵守政府規(guī)范、規(guī)章、條例和規(guī)則。
5.3 要求
5.3.1 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與詢價(jià)書(shū)有沖突時(shí)，應(yīng)執(zhí)行詢價(jià)書(shū)。與合同內(nèi)容沖突時(shí)，應(yīng)執(zhí)行合同內(nèi)容。
5.3.2 當(dāng)?shù)?章中對(duì)特殊泵型的要求與任何其他條款有沖突時(shí)，應(yīng)按第9章中規(guī)定的要求執(zhí)行。
