標準編號:	GB/T 8484-2020
中文名稱:	建筑外門窗保溫性能檢測方法
英文名稱:	Test method for thermal insulating performance for building exterior doors and windows
中標分類:	P32    建筑構造與裝飾工程
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	91.060.50 91.060.50    門窗 91.060.50
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2020-04-28
實施日期:	2021-3-1
標準狀態:	valid
替代舊標準:	GB/T 8484-2008 建筑外門窗保溫性能分級及檢測方法
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	21000 字
翻譯價格(元):	1470.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 8484-2008 Graduation and test method for thermal insulating properties of doors and windows and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 8484-2008: ——The term "thermal insulating performance for building doors and windows" is added (see 3.1); ——The terms "total hemispherical emissivity" and "glass door" are deleted (see 3.4 and 3.6 of Edition 2008); ——Graduation of thermal insulating performance is deleted (see Clause 4 of Edition 2008); ——The test principle is modified, and the heat loss at the edges of test piece and filler plate is considered in the calculation of thermal transmittance K (see Clause 4; 5.1 of Edition 2008); ——The test device is modified by adding a deflector in the hot box (see Clause 5; 5.2 of Edition 2008); ——The data processing is modified by adding the thermal transmission capacity at the edge line in the calculation formula (see Clause 7.4; 5.10 of Edition 2008); ——The normative annex "Value of thermal transmittance at the edge line" is added (see Annex C); ——The test method for condensation resistance factor is adjusted to the informative annex [see Annex D; 5.1.2, 5.7.7, 5.8.2, 5.9.2, 5.10.2, and Clause 6 e)2 of Edition 2008). This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 448 National Technical Committee on Curtain Walls and Windows of Standardization Administration of China. ? The previous editions of this standard are as follows: ——GB/T 8484-1987, GB/T 8484-2002 and GB/T 8484-2008; ——GB/T 16729-1997. Test method for thermal insulating performance for building exterior doors and windows 1 Scope This standard specifies the test principle, test device, test pieces and installation requirements, test and test report of the thermal insulating performance for building exterior doors and windows. This standard is applicable to the thermal insulating performance test for vertical exterior doors and windows of buildings. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 4132 Definitions of terms relating to thermal insulating materials GB/T 5823 Terminology for building windows and doors GB/T 10294 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties - Guarded hot plate apparatus GB/T 13475 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal transmission properties - Calibrated and guard hot box 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 4132 and GB/T 5823 and the following apply. 3.1 thermal insulating performance for building doors and windows ability of building exterior doors and windows to prevent thermal transmission from indoor to outdoor, which is characterized by thermal transmittance 3.2 doors and windows thermal transmittance thermal transmission capacity per unit area in unit time under the condition of steady-state thermal transmission when the air temperature difference between both sides of doors and windows is 1K Note: It is revised from Definition 2.8.15 in GB/T 4132-2015. 3.3 thermal conductance ratio of the thermal transmission capacity per unit area through the filler plate of certain thickness to the temperature difference between the two surfaces of the plate under the condition of steady-state thermal transmission 3.4 thermal current coefficient thermal transmission capacity under the condition of steady-state thermal transmission when the temperature difference between the two surfaces of box wall or test piece frame in the hot box is 1K 4 Test principle Based on the principle of steady-state thermal transmission, the thermal transmittance of building exterior doors and windows is tested by the calibrated hot box method. The hot box is on one side of the test piece, which simulates the indoor air temperature conditions of heated buildings in winter; the cold box is on the other side, which simulates outdoor air temperature and air flow rate in winter. Under the condition that the gaps of the test piece are sealed and both sides of the test piece are kept under stable air temperature, air flow rate and thermal radiation, measure the calorific value per unit time of the heating device in the hot box, subtract it by the heat loss passing through the hot box wall, the test piece frame, the filler plate and the edges of test piece and filler plate, and then divide the value by the product of the area of the test piece and the air temperature difference between both sides, so as to obtain the thermal transmittance K value of the test piece. 5 Test device 5.1 Composition of test device The test device mainly consists of five parts: hot box, cold box, test piece frame, filler plate and environmental space, as shown in Figure 1. Keys: 1——Control system; 8——Filler plate; 2——Humidity control system; 9——Test piece frame; 3——Environmental space; 10——Deflector in cold box; 4——Heating device; 11——Refrigeration device; 5——Hot box; 12——Air conditioning device; 6——Deflector in hot box; 13——Cold box. 7——Test piece; Figure 1 Composition of test device 5.2 Hot box 5.2.1 The net internal dimensions of hot box should not be less than 2,200mm×2,500mm (width× height), and the depth should not be less than 2,000mm. 5.2.2 The hot box wall shall be made of homogeneous material, of which the thermal resistance shall not be less than 3.5m2·K/W. 5.2.3 The hemispherical emissivity of the deflector in hot box facing the surface of the test piece shall be greater than 0.85, and the deflector shall be located in a plane 150mm~300mm away from the hot-side surface of the test piece frame, and shall be larger than the dimension of the test piece. 5.2.4 At least nine air temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged between the hot box deflector and the test piece, and thermal radiation shield is required. At least nine temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of each wall of the hot box, and the hemispherical emissivity of the adhesive material on the temperature sensors shall be similar to that of the measured surface. The measurement uncertainty of the temperature sensor shall not be greater than 0.25K. 5.2.5 The hot box shall be heated by a heating device with regulated power supply, and the accuracy grade of the power meter shall not be lower than 0.5. 5.3 Cold box 5.3.1 The net internal dimensions of the cold box shall be the same as the overall dimensions of the test piece frame, and the depth shall be large enough to accommodate the refrigeration device and the deflector. 5.3.2 The inner surface of the cold box shall be made of non-hygroscopic and corrosion-resistant material, and the thermal resistance of the cold box wall shall not be less than 3.5m2·K/W. 5.3.3 The hemispherical emissivity of the deflector in cold box facing the surface of the test piece shall be greater than 0.85, and the deflector shall be located in a plane 150mm~300mm away from the code-side surface of the test piece frame, and shall be larger than the dimension of the test piece. 5.3.4 At least nine air temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged between the cold box deflector and the test piece, and thermal radiation shield is required. 5.3.5 Forced convection shall be carried out in the cold box by using the deflector and fan to form a uniform and stable airflow from top to bottom along the surface of the test piece; and the distance from the cold-side surface of test piece shall meet the requirement of GB/T 13475 that the average air velocity in the plane shall be 3.0m/s±0.2m/s. 5.4 Test piece frame 5.4.1 The overall dimensions of the test piece frame shall not be smaller than the internal dimensions of the opening of the hot box. 5.4.2 The thermal resistance of the test piece frame shall not be less than 7.0m2·K/W, and the frame surface shall be made of non-hygroscopic and corrosion-resistant material. 5.4.3 At least six temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged on the hot- and cold-side surfaces of the test piece frame respectively. 5.5 Filler plate 5.5.1 The filler plate shall be made of homogeneous material with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.040W/(m·K), and the thermal conductivity shall be determined in accordance with those specified in GB/T 10294. ? 5.5.2 At least nine temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged on the hot- and cold-side surfaces of the filler plate respectively, and the hemispherical emissivity of the adhesive material on the temperature sensors shall be similar to that of the measured surface. 5.6 Environmental space 5.6.1 The test device shall be placed in a laboratory equipped with air conditioning equipment, the fluctuation of air temperature in the environmental space shall not be greater than 0.5K, and the average temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the hot box wall shall be less than 1.0K. 5.6.2 The envelop enclosure of the laboratory shall have good thermal insulating performance and thermal stability, and the inner surfaces of walls and ceilings shall be insulated, and sunlight shall not be prevented from directly irradiating into the laboratory through windows. 5.6.3 The distance between the outer surface of the hot box wall and the peripheral wall shall not be less than 500mm. 6 Test pieces and installation requirements 6.1 Test pieces One test piece shall be tested, with an area of not less than 0.8m2. The structure of the test piece shall meet the product design and assembly requirements, and no extra accessories shall be attached and no special assembly process be adopted. 6.2 Installation requirements The hot-side surface of the test piece shall be flush with that of the filler plate. For the filler plate between test piece and test piece frame, the width shall not be less than 200mm, and the thickness shall not be less than 100mm and thickness of test piece frame, as shown in Figure 2. The open joints of test piece shall be sealed on both sides.

Foreword II 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Test principle 5 Test device 6 Test pieces and installation requirements 7 Test 8 Test report Annex A (Normative) Calibration of thermal current coefficient Annex B (Normative) Calculation of weighted average temperature Annex C (Normative) Value of thermal transmittance at the edge line Annex D (Informative) Test method for condensation resistance factor Annex E (Informative) Test methods for thermal transmittance of glass Annex F (Informative) Test methods for thermal transmittance of door and window frames

建筑外門窗保溫性能檢測方法 1 范圍 本標準規定了建筑外門窗保溫性能檢測原理、檢測裝置、試件及安裝要求、檢測及檢測報告。 本標準適用于豎向建筑外門窗的保溫性能檢測。 2 規范性引用文件 下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 4132 絕熱材料及相關術語 GB/T 5823 建筑門窗術語 GB/T 10294 絕熱材料穩態熱阻及有關特性的測定 防護熱板法 GB/T 13475 絕熱 穩態傳熱性質的測定 標定和防護熱箱法 3 術語和定義 GB/T 4132和GB/T 5823界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 門窗保溫性能 thermal insulating performance for building doors and windows 建筑外門窗阻止熱量由室內向室外傳遞的能力，用傳熱系數表征。 3.2 門窗傳熱系數 doors and windows thermal transmittance 穩態傳熱條件下，門窗兩側空氣溫差為1 K時單位時間內通過單位面積的傳熱量。 注：改寫GB/T 4132—2015，定義2.8.15。 3.3 熱導 thermal conductance 穩態傳熱條件下，通過一定厚度填充板的單位面積傳熱量與板兩表面溫差的比值。 3.4 熱流系數 thermal current coefficient 穩態傳熱條件下，標定熱箱中箱壁或試件框兩表面溫差為1 K時的傳熱量。 4 檢測原理 基于穩態傳熱原理，采用標定熱箱法檢測建筑外門窗傳熱系數。試件一側為熱箱，模擬供暖建筑冬季室內氣溫條件；另一側為冷箱，模擬冬季室外氣溫和氣流速度。在對試件縫隙進行密封處理，試件兩側各自保持穩定的空氣溫度、氣流速度和熱輻射條件下，測量熱箱中加熱裝置單位時間內的發熱量，減去通過熱箱壁、試件框、填充板、試件和填充板邊緣的熱損失，除以試件面積與兩側空氣溫差的乘積，即可得到試件的傳熱系數K值。 5 檢測裝置 5.1 檢測裝置組成 檢測裝置主要由熱箱、冷箱、試件框、填充板和環境空間五部分組成，見圖1。 說明： 1——控制系統； 8——填充板； 2——控濕系統； 9——試件框； 3——環境空間； 10——冷箱導流板； 4——加熱裝置； 11——制冷裝置； 5——熱箱； 12——空調裝置； 6——熱箱導流板； 13——冷箱。 7——試件； 圖1 檢測裝置組成 5.2 熱箱 5.2.1 熱箱內凈尺寸不宜小于2200 mm×2500 mm(寬×高)，進深不宜小于2000 mm。 5.2.2 熱箱壁應為勻質材料，熱阻值不應小于3.5 m2·K/W。 5.2.3 熱箱內導流板面向試件表面的半球發射率應大于0.85，導流板應位于距試件框熱側表面150 mm～300 mm的平面內，應大于所測試件尺寸。 5.2.4 熱箱導流板與試件間應均勻布置至少9個空氣溫度測點，且應進行熱輻射屏蔽。熱箱每個壁的內外表面應各均勻布置至少9個溫度測點，溫度傳感器粘貼材料的半球輻射率應與被測表面相近。溫度傳感器測量不確定度不應大于0.25 K。 5.2.5 熱箱應采用穩壓電源加熱裝置加熱，計量用功率表的準確度等級不應低于0.5級。 5.3 冷箱 5.3.1 冷箱內凈尺寸應與試件框外邊緣尺寸相同，進深應能容納制冷裝置和導流板。 5.3.2 冷箱內表面應采用不吸濕、耐腐蝕材料，冷箱壁熱阻值不應小于3.5 m2·K/W。 5.3.3 冷箱內導流板面向試件表面的半球發射率應大于0.85，導流板應位于距試件框冷側表面150 mm～300 mm的平面內，應大于所測試件尺寸。 5.3.4 冷箱內導流板與試件間應均勻布置至少9個空氣溫度測點，且應進行熱輻射屏蔽。 5.3.5 冷箱內應利用導流板和風機進行強迫對流，形成沿試件表面自上而下的均勻穩定氣流；與試件冷側表面距離符合GB/T 13475規定平面內的平均風速應為3.0 m/s±0.2 m/s。 5.4 試件框 5.4.1 試件框外緣尺寸不應小于熱箱開口部位的內緣尺寸。 5.4.2 試件框熱阻值不應小于7.0 m2·K/W，表面應采用不吸濕、耐腐蝕材料。 5.4.3 試件框熱側、冷側各表面應均勻布置至少6個溫度測點。 5.5 填充板 5.5.1 填充板應采用導熱系數小于0.040 W/(m·K)的勻質材料，導熱系數應按GB/T 10294的規定測定。 5.5.2 填充板熱側、冷側表面應均勻布置至少9個溫度測點，溫度傳感器粘貼材料的半球輻射率應與被測表面相近。 5.6 環境空間 5.6.1 檢測裝置應放在裝有空調設備的實驗室內，環境空間空氣溫度波動不應大于0.5 K，熱箱壁內外表面平均溫差應小于1.0 K。 5.6.2 實驗室圍護結構應有良好的保溫性能和熱穩定性，墻體及頂棚內表面應進行絕熱處理，且太陽光不應直接透過窗戶進入室內。 5.6.3 熱箱壁外表面與周邊壁面之間距離不應小于500 mm。 6 試件及安裝要求 6.1 試件 被檢試件為一件，面積不應小于0.8 m2，構造應符合產品設計和組裝要求，不應附加任何多余配件或采取特殊組裝工藝。 6.2 安裝要求 試件熱側表面應與填充板熱側表面齊平。試件與試件框之間的填充板寬度不應小于200 mm，厚度不應小于100 mm且不應小于試件邊框厚度，見圖2。試件開啟縫應雙面密封。 說明： 1——試件框； 2——填充板； 3——冷側； 4——試件； 5——熱側。 圖2 試件安裝要求 7 檢測 7.1 熱流系數標定 熱箱壁熱流系數M1和試件框熱流系數M2每年應至少標定一次，箱體構造、尺寸發生變化時應重新標定，熱流系數標定應符合附錄A的規定。 7.2 檢測條件 熱箱空氣平均溫度設定范圍為19℃～21℃，溫度波動幅度不應大于0.2 K，熱箱內空氣為自然對流；冷箱空氣平均溫度設定范圍為－19℃～－21℃，溫度波動幅度不應大于0.3 K；與試件冷側表面距離符合GB/T 13475規定平面內的平均風速為3.0 m/s±0.2 m/s。 7.3 檢測程序 檢測程序如下： a) 啟動檢測裝置，設定冷、熱箱和環境空間空氣溫度； b) 當冷、熱箱和環境空間空氣溫度達到設定值，且測得的熱箱和冷箱的空氣平均溫度每小時變化的絕對值分別不大于0.1 K和0.3 K，熱箱內外表面面積加權平均溫度差值和試件框冷熱側表面面積加權平均溫度差值每小時變化的絕對值分別不大于0.1 K和0.3 K，且不是單向變化時，傳熱過程已達到穩定狀態；熱箱內外表面、試件框冷熱側表面面積加權平均溫度計算應符合附錄B的規定； c) 傳熱過程達到穩定狀態后，每隔30 min測量一次參數，共測六次； d) 測量結束后記錄試件熱側表面結露或結霜狀況。 7.4 數據處理 試件的傳熱系數計算步驟如下： a) 各參數取六次測量的平均值。 b) 試件傳熱系數K值應按式(1)計算； (1) 式中： Q——加熱裝置加熱功率，單位為瓦(W)； M1——由標定試驗確定的熱箱壁熱流系數，單位為瓦每開爾文(W/K)； ?θ1——熱箱壁內、外表面面積加權平均溫度之差，單位為開爾文(K)； M2——由標定試驗確定的試件框熱流系數，單位為瓦每開爾文(W/K)； ?θ2——試件框熱側冷側表面面積加權平均溫度之差，單位為開爾文(K)； S——填充板的面積，單位為平方米(m2)； Λ——填充板的熱導，單位為瓦每平方米開爾文[W/(m2·K)]； ?θ3——填充板熱側冷側表面的平均溫差，單位為開爾文(K)； Φedge——試件與填充板間的邊緣線傳熱量，單位為瓦(W)； A——按試件外緣尺寸計算的試件面積，單位為平方米(m2)； T1——熱側空氣溫度，單位為攝氏度(℃)； T2——冷側空氣溫度，單位為攝氏度(℃)。 試件與填充板間的邊緣線傳熱量Φedge應按式(2)計算。 (2) 式中： Ledge——試件與填充板間的邊緣周長，單位為米(m)； ——按附錄C確定的試件與填充板間的邊緣線傳熱系數，單位為瓦每米開爾文[W/(m·K)]。 c) 試件傳熱系數K值取兩位有效數字。 d) 測試試件抗結露因子參見附錄D，測試玻璃和窗框的傳熱系數參見附錄E和附錄F。 8 檢測報告 檢測報告應至少包括下列內容： a) 委托和生產單位； b) 依據的標準； c) 樣品描述：試件名稱、編號、規格、數量、開啟方式；玻璃構造、玻璃間隔條；型材規格；窗框面積與窗面積之比；密封材料； d) 檢測項目、檢測依據、檢測設備、檢測時間及報告日期； e) 檢測條件：熱箱空氣溫度、冷箱空氣溫度和平均風速； f) 檢測結果：試件傳熱系數K值、試件熱側表面溫度、結露和結霜情況； g) 測試人、審核人及負責人簽名； h) 檢測單位。