Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/Z 29328-2012 Specific configuration of power supply and self-emergency power supply for important power users, and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/Z 29328-2012:
——the related contents such as configuration requirements of power supply for important power users are adjusted and improved;
——the related contents such as operation and maintenance requirements of emergency power supply for important power users are supplemented and improved;
——the related contents such as type, technical characteristics and typical configuration modes of emergency power supply are supplemented and updated;
——the categories and scope of important power users are adjusted and improved;
——the important power identification subjects and methods are adjusted and improved.
This standard was proposed by the National Energy Administration.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 296 National Technical Committee on electricity regulation of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——GB/Z 29328-2012.
Specific configuration of power supply and self-emergency power supply for important power users
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definition and classification of important power users, and the configuration principles and main technical conditions of power supply and self-emergency power supply for important power users.
This standard is applicable to the specific configuration of power supply and self-emergency power supply for important power users.
This standard may also be referenced to for the configuration of power supply and self-emergency power supply for other power users.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2820.1 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets - Part 1: Application, ratings and performance
GB 50052 Code for design electric power supply systems
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
protective load
power load required for ensuring the safety of people and property in the power consuming place
Note: the load which will cause one of the following consequences after a power failure is generally deemed to be a protective load:
a) direct personal injury or death;
b) spilling of toxic and harmful substances, thus resulting in large-scale environmental pollution;
c) explosion or fire;
d) large-scale social disorder or serious political impact;
e) major production equipment damage or major direct economic losses.
3.1.2
prime power supply
power supply that can effectively supply power to all loads under normal conditions
3.1.3
standby power supply
power supply that can effectively supply power to all loads or the protective load when the prime power supply fails or is interrupted according to the actual needs of users for the power supply reliability of in terms of safety, business and production
3.1.4
self-emergency power supply
independent power supply that is equipped by the user itself and can reliably supply power to the user's protective load when both the prime and standby power supplies are interrupted
3.1.5
double circuit
two power supply lines providing power to the loads of the same user, which may be from the same bus section of the same power distribution substation
3.1.6
double power supply
two power supply lines providing power to the loads of the same user, which may be respectively from two different power distribution substations or from two bus sections in the same power distribution with different incoming power lines
3.1.7
multiple power supply
more than two power supply lines providing power to the loads of the same user, among which at least two power supply lines are from two different power distribution substations
3.1.8
allowable outage time
maximum outage time that the power user’s protective load can tolerate
3.1.9
non-electrical security measures
non-electrical emergency measures and methods adopted by the users for the purpose of ensuring safety
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
EPS: Emergency Power Supply
UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply
4 General
4.1 This standard is formulated with a view to guiding the reasonable configuration of power supply and self-emergency power supply for important power users, improving their ability to respond to power emergencies, effectively preventing secondary disasters, and maintaining social public security.
4.2 This standard defines the scope and classification of important power users, and specifies the configuration principles and technical conditions of the power supply for important power users.
4.3 This standard specifies the configuration principles and technical conditions of the self-emergency power supply for important power users, and standardizes the connection, switching, operation and maintenance of self-emergency power supply for important power users.
4.4 The configuration of power supply and self-emergency power supply for important power users shall comply with this standard. For industries that have relevant national standards, these relevant standards may be complied with.
5 Definition and classification of important power users
5.1 Definition of important power users
5.1.1 An important power user refers to a power user that occupies an important position in the social, political, and economic life of a country or a region (city), and may cause personal injury or death, greater environmental pollution, greater political impact, greater economic losses, and serious public disorder in case of power interruption, or a power consuming place with special requirements for power supply reliability. Refer to Annexes A and B for the classification and scope of important power users.
5.1.2 Identification of important power users shall be carried out by the power supply enterprises and power users under the organization of the competent power department of the local people’s government at or above the county level according to the requirements of the Regulations on emergency disposal, investigation and handling of electric power safety accidents.
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
4 General
5 Definition and classification of important power users
5.1 Definition of important power users
5.2 Classification of important power users
6 Configuration of power supply for important power users
6.1 Configuration principles of power supply for important power users
6.2 Technical requirements for configuration of power supply for important power users
7 Configuration of self-emergency power supply for important power users
7.1 Type of self-emergency power supply
7.2 Configuration principles of self-emergency power supply
7.3 Technical requirements for configuration of self-emergency power supply
7.4 Operation of self-emergency power supply
Annex A (Informative) Classification of important power users
Annex B (Informative) Scope of important power users
Annex C (Informative) Typical configuration modes of power supply
Annex D (Informative) Typical configuration modes of self-emergency power supply
Bibliography
重要電力用戶供電電源及自備
應(yīng)急電源配置技術(shù)規(guī)范
1 范圍
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了重要電力用戶的界定和分級(jí)、供電電源和自備應(yīng)急電源的配置原則和主要技術(shù)條件。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于重要電力用戶的供電電源及自備應(yīng)急電源的配置。
其他電力用戶的供電電源和自備應(yīng)急電源配置可參照?qǐng)?zhí)行。
2 規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件對(duì)于本文件的應(yīng)用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 2820.1 往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的交流發(fā)電機(jī)組 第1部分：用途、定額和性能
GB 50052 供配電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范
3 術(shù)語和定義、縮略語
3.1 術(shù)語和定義
下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。
3.1.1
保安負(fù)荷 protective load
用于保障用電場(chǎng)所人身與財(cái)產(chǎn)安全所需的電力負(fù)荷。
注：一般認(rèn)為，斷電后會(huì)造成下列后果之一的，為保安負(fù)荷：
a) 直接引發(fā)人身傷亡的；
b) 使有毒、有害物溢出，造成環(huán)境大面積污染的；
c) 將引起爆炸或火災(zāi)的；
d) 將引起較大范圍社會(huì)秩序混亂或在政治上產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響的；
e) 將造成重大生產(chǎn)設(shè)備損壞或引起重大直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的。
3.1.2
主供電源 prime power supply
在正常情況下，能有效為全部負(fù)荷提供電力的電源。
3.1.3
備用電源 standby power supply
根據(jù)用戶在安全、業(yè)務(wù)和生產(chǎn)上對(duì)供電可靠性的實(shí)際需求，在主供電源發(fā)生故障或斷電時(shí)，能有效為全部負(fù)荷或保安負(fù)荷提供電力的電源。
3.1.4
自備應(yīng)急電源 self-emergency power supply
在主供和備用電源全部發(fā)生中斷的情況下，由用戶自行配備的，能為用戶保安負(fù)荷可靠供電的獨(dú)立電源。
3.1.5
雙回路 double circuit
為同一用戶負(fù)荷供電的兩回供電線路，兩回供電線路可以來自同一變電站的同一母線段。
3.1.6
雙電源 duble power supply
為同一用戶負(fù)荷供電的兩回供電線路，兩回供電線路可以分別來自兩個(gè)不同變電站，或來自不同電源進(jìn)線的同一變電站內(nèi)兩段母線。
3.1.7
多電源 multiple power supply
為同一用戶負(fù)荷供電的兩回以上供電線路，至少有兩回供電線路分別來自兩個(gè)不同變電站。
3.1.8
允許斷電時(shí)間 allowable outage time
電力用戶的保安負(fù)荷所能容忍的最長(zhǎng)斷電時(shí)間。
3.1.9
非電保安措施 non-electrical security measures
為保證安全，用戶所采取的非電性質(zhì)的應(yīng)急手段和方法。
3.2 縮略語
下列縮略語適用于本文件。
EPS：應(yīng)急電源(Emergency Power Supply)
UPS：不間斷電源(Uninterruptible Power Supply)
4 總則
4.1 為指導(dǎo)重要電力用戶 供電電源及自備應(yīng)急電源的合理配置.提高其應(yīng)對(duì)電力突發(fā)事件的能力，有效防止次生災(zāi)害發(fā)生，維護(hù)社會(huì)公共安全。
4.2 對(duì)重要電力用戶的范圍進(jìn)行了界定和分級(jí)。規(guī)定了重要電力用戶供電電源的配置原則和技術(shù)條件。
4.3 規(guī)定了重要電力用戶自備應(yīng)急電源的配置原則和技術(shù)條件。對(duì)重要電力用戶自備應(yīng)急電源的接入、投切、運(yùn)行和維護(hù)等方面進(jìn)行了規(guī)范。
4.4 重要電力用戶供電電源及自備應(yīng)急電源的配置應(yīng)遵照?qǐng)?zhí)行，已有相關(guān)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的行業(yè)，可按照相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行。
5 重要電力用戶的界定和分級(jí)
5.1 重要電力用戶界定
5.1.1 重要電力用戶是指在國(guó)家或者一個(gè)地區(qū)(城市)的社會(huì)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中占有重要地位，供電中斷將可能造成人身傷亡、較大環(huán)境污染、較大政治影響、較大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失、社會(huì)公共秩序嚴(yán)重混亂的用電單位或?qū)╇娍煽啃杂刑厥庖蟮挠秒妶?chǎng)所。重要電力用戶的分類與范圍參見附錄A和附錄B。
5.1.2 重要電力用戶的認(rèn)定按電力安全事故應(yīng)急處置和調(diào)查處理?xiàng)l例要求，由縣級(jí)以上地方人民政府電力主管部門組織供電企業(yè)和用戶統(tǒng)一開展，采取一次認(rèn)定，每年審核新增和變更的重要電力用戶。
5.2 重要電力用戶分級(jí)
5.2.1 根據(jù)供電可靠性的要求以及供電中斷的危害程度，重要電力用戶可分為特級(jí)、一級(jí)、二級(jí)重要電力用戶和臨時(shí)性重要電力用戶。為了便于對(duì)重要電力用戶進(jìn)行界定，可參見表B.1。
5.2.2 特級(jí)重要電力用戶，是指在管理國(guó)家事務(wù)中具有特別重要的作用，供電中斷將可能危害國(guó)家安全的電力用戶。
5.2.3 一級(jí)重要電力用戶，是指供電中斷將可能產(chǎn)生下列后果之一的電力用戶：
a) 直接引發(fā)人身傷亡的；
b) 造成嚴(yán)重環(huán)境污染的；
c) 發(fā)生中毒、爆炸或火災(zāi)的；
d) 造成重大政治影響的；
e) 造成重大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的；
f) 造成較大范圍社會(huì)公共秩序嚴(yán)重混亂的。
5.2.4 二級(jí)重要電力用戶，是指供電中斷將可能產(chǎn)生下列后果之一的電力用戶：
a) 造成較大環(huán)境污染的；
b) 造成較大政治影響的；
c) 造成較大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的；
d) 造成一定范圍社會(huì)公共秩序嚴(yán)重混亂的。
5.2.5 臨時(shí)性重要電力用戶，是指需要臨時(shí)特殊供電保障的電力用戶。
6 重要電力用戶的供電電源配置
6.1 重要電力用戶供電電源配置原則
6.1.1 重要電力用戶的供電電源一般包括主供電源和備用電源。重要電力用戶的供電電源應(yīng)依據(jù)其對(duì)供電可靠性的需求、負(fù)荷特性、用電設(shè)備特性、用電容量、對(duì)供電安全的要求、供電距離、當(dāng)?shù)毓搽娋W(wǎng)現(xiàn)狀、發(fā)展規(guī)劃及所在行業(yè)的特定要求等因素，通過技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)比較后確定。
6.1.2 重要電力用戶電壓等級(jí)和供電電源數(shù)量應(yīng)根據(jù)其用電需求、負(fù)荷特性和安全供電準(zhǔn)則來確定。
6.1.3 重要電力用戶應(yīng)根據(jù)其生產(chǎn)特點(diǎn)、負(fù)荷特性等，合理配置非電保安措施。
6.1.4 在地區(qū)公共電網(wǎng)無法滿足重要電力用戶的供電電源需求時(shí)，重要電力用戶應(yīng)根據(jù)自身需求，按照相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自行建設(shè)或配置獨(dú)立電源。
6.2 重要電力用戶供電電源配置技術(shù)要求
6.2.1 重要電力用戶的供電電源應(yīng)采用多電源、雙電源或雙回路供電。當(dāng)任何一路或一路以上電源發(fā)生故障時(shí)，至少仍有一路電源能對(duì)保安負(fù)荷供電。
6.2.2 特級(jí)重要電力用戶應(yīng)采用多電源供電；一級(jí)重要電力用戶至少應(yīng)采用雙電源供電；二級(jí)重要電力用戶至少應(yīng)采用雙回路供電。重要電力用戶典型供電模式，包括適用范圍及其供電方式參見附錄C。
6.2.3 臨時(shí)性重要電力用戶按照用電負(fù)荷的重要性，在條件允許情況下，可以通過臨時(shí)敷設(shè)線路或移動(dòng)發(fā)電設(shè)備等方式滿足雙回路或兩路以上電源供電條件。
6.2.4 重要電力用戶供電電源的切換時(shí)間和切換方式應(yīng)滿足重要電力用戶保安負(fù)荷允許斷電時(shí)間的要求。切換時(shí)間不能滿足保安負(fù)荷允許斷電時(shí)間要求的，重要電力用戶應(yīng)自行采取技術(shù)措施解決。
6.2.5 重要電力用戶供電系統(tǒng)應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)單可靠，簡(jiǎn)化電壓層級(jí)，重要電力用戶的供電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)按GB 50052執(zhí)行。
6.2.6 對(duì)電能質(zhì)量有特殊需求的重要電力用戶，應(yīng)自行加裝電能質(zhì)量控制裝置。
6.2.7 雙電源或多路電源供電的重要電力用戶，宜采用同級(jí)電壓供電。但根據(jù)不同負(fù)荷需要及地區(qū)供電條件，亦可采用不同電壓供電。采用雙電源的同一重要電力用戶，不宜采用同桿架設(shè)或電纜同溝敷設(shè)供電。
7 重要電力用戶的自備應(yīng)急電源配置
7.1 自備應(yīng)急電源類型
下列電源可作為自備應(yīng)急電源：
a) 自備電廠。
b) 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)組，包括：
1) 柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組；
2) 汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組；
3) 燃?xì)獍l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組。
c) 靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置，包括：
1) UPS；
2) EPS；
3) 蓄電池；
4) 超級(jí)電容。
d) 動(dòng)態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置(飛輪儲(chǔ)能裝置)。
e) 移動(dòng)發(fā)電設(shè)備，包括：
1) 裝有電源裝置的專用車輛；
2) 小型移動(dòng)式發(fā)電機(jī)。
f) 其他新型電源裝置。
7.2 自備應(yīng)急電源配置原則
7.2.1 重要電力用戶均應(yīng)配置自備應(yīng)急電源，電源容量至少應(yīng)滿足全部保安負(fù)荷正常啟動(dòng)和帶載運(yùn)行的要求。
7.2.2 重要電力用戶的自備應(yīng)急電源應(yīng)與供電電源同步建設(shè)，同步投運(yùn)，可設(shè)置專用應(yīng)急母線，提升重要用戶的應(yīng)急能力。
7.2.3 自備應(yīng)急電源的配置應(yīng)依據(jù)保安負(fù)荷的允許斷電時(shí)間、容量、停電影響等負(fù)荷特性，綜合考慮各類應(yīng)急電源在啟動(dòng)時(shí)間、切換方式、容量大小、持續(xù)供電時(shí)間、電能質(zhì)量、節(jié)能環(huán)保、適用場(chǎng)所等方面的技術(shù)性能，合理的選取自備應(yīng)急電源。重要電力用戶自備應(yīng)急電源配置典型模式參見附錄D。
7.2.4 重要電力用戶應(yīng)具備外部應(yīng)急電源接入條件，有特殊供電需求及臨時(shí)重要電力用戶，應(yīng)配置外部應(yīng)急電源接入裝置。
7.2.5 自備應(yīng)急電源應(yīng)符合國(guó)家有關(guān)安全、消防、節(jié)能、環(huán)保等相關(guān)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。
7.2.6 自備應(yīng)急電源應(yīng)配置閉鎖裝置，防止向電網(wǎng)反送電。
7.3 自備應(yīng)急電源配置技術(shù)要求
7.3.1 允許斷電時(shí)間的技術(shù)要求：
a) 保安負(fù)荷允許斷電時(shí)間為毫秒級(jí)的，應(yīng)選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能不間斷電源或動(dòng)態(tài)儲(chǔ)能不間斷電源，且采用在線運(yùn)行方式；
b) 保安負(fù)荷允許斷電時(shí)間為秒級(jí)的，應(yīng)選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能電源、快速自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)組等電源，且具有自動(dòng)切換功能；
c) 保安負(fù)荷允許斷電時(shí)間為分鐘級(jí)的，應(yīng)選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的發(fā)電機(jī)組等電源，可采用自動(dòng)切換裝置，也可以手動(dòng)的方式進(jìn)行切換。
7.3.2 自備應(yīng)急電源需求容量的技術(shù)要求：
a) 自備應(yīng)急電源需求容量達(dá)到百兆瓦級(jí)的，用戶可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的獨(dú)立于電網(wǎng)的自備電廠作為自備應(yīng)急電源；
b) 自備應(yīng)急電源需求容量達(dá)到兆瓦級(jí)的，用戶應(yīng)選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的大容量發(fā)電機(jī)組、動(dòng)態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置、大容量靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置(如EPS)等自備應(yīng)急電源；如選用往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的交流發(fā)電機(jī)組，可參照GB/T 2820.1的要求執(zhí)行；
c) 自備應(yīng)急電源需求容量達(dá)到百千瓦級(jí)的，用戶可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的中等容量靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能不間斷電源(如UPS)或小型發(fā)電機(jī)組等自備應(yīng)急電源；
d) 自備應(yīng)急電源需求容量達(dá)到千瓦級(jí)的，用戶可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的小容量靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能電源(如小型移動(dòng)式UPS、儲(chǔ)能裝置)等自備應(yīng)急電源。
7.3.3 持續(xù) 供電時(shí)間和供電質(zhì)量的技術(shù)要求：
a) 對(duì)于持續(xù)供電時(shí)間要求在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下12 h以內(nèi)，對(duì)供電質(zhì)量要求不高的保安負(fù)荷，可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的一般發(fā)電機(jī)組作為自備應(yīng)急電源；
b) 對(duì)于持續(xù)供電時(shí)間要求在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下12 h以內(nèi)，對(duì)供電質(zhì)量要求較高的保安負(fù)荷，可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的供電質(zhì)量高的發(fā)電機(jī)組、動(dòng)態(tài)儲(chǔ)能不間斷供電裝置、靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置或采用靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置與發(fā)電機(jī)組的組合作為自備應(yīng)急電源；
c) 對(duì)于持續(xù)供電時(shí)間要求在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下2 h以內(nèi)，對(duì)供電質(zhì)量要求較高的保安負(fù)荷，可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的大容量靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置作為自備應(yīng)急電源；
d) 對(duì)于持續(xù)供電時(shí)間要求在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下30 min以內(nèi)，對(duì)供電質(zhì)量要求較高的保安負(fù)荷，可選用滿足相應(yīng)技術(shù)條件的小容量靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)能裝置作為自備應(yīng)急電源。
7.3.4 對(duì)于環(huán)保和防火等有特殊要求的用電場(chǎng)所，應(yīng)選用滿足相應(yīng)要求的自備應(yīng)急電源。
