Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 For the purpose of strengthening railway freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, and ensuring the railway transportation safety, the Rules are formulated according to Railway Law of the People's Republic of China, Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, Regulation on Protecting the Railway Transport Safety, Regulations of Railway Freight Traffic and other laws and regulations concerned.
Article 2 The Rules are applicable to standard-gauge national railways, joint venture railways, local railways, special railways and special rail lines, servicing as the fundamental basis for railway freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation. The carriers, consignors and consignees shall abide by the Rules.
Article 3 Freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, which are highly technical, constitute an important part of railway transportation. The major objectives are ensuring the integrity of goods and driving safety of wagons; making full use of the loading capacity and cubic capacity of wagon; transporting the goods in safe, rapid, reasonable and economical way.
Article 4 The basic technical requirements for freight loading reinforcement: the goods are distributed in the wagon uniformly, stably and reasonably, without overload, offset load, uneven weight or concentrated weight; able to bear various forces generated during normal shunting operation and train running; no movement, rolling, overturning, collapse or falling occur in transit.
Article 5 Railway bureaus (including professional transport companies, the same below) shall pay high attention to freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, assign specific personnel to take charge, actively employ advanced, mature, economical, applicable and reliable technology and equipment, continuously update and improve the technical management measures, and raise the quality of freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation.
The railway bureau and its subordinate freight stations shall establish loading reinforcement technology leading team and working system. The responsibilities of the leading team include review, declaration and implementation of freight loading reinforcement scheme of its department; organizing the implementation of scheme-based loading, signing-confirmation system on loading quality and wagon full loading measures; guidance, supervision and inspection of relevant technical services.
The joint venture railways, local railways, special railways and special rail lines enterprises shall carry out loading reinforcement as specified in the Rules.
Article 6 The loading entities shall establish sound loading post responsibility system, adhere to the principle of "strict loading and departure" and abide by the loading reinforcement scheme.
For important goods, loading quality signing-confirmation system applies. The railway bureau shall develop loading quality signing-confirmation measures within its jurisdiction and report for record.
Article 7 For freight loading reinforcement methods, loading reinforcement materials and devices that are not specified in the Rules, trial transportation shall be organized by the consignor jointly with the carrier under the premise of safety. The requirements for trial transportation shall be subject to Chapter IV hereof.
Article 8 The freight loading reinforcement materials and devices shall be provided by the consignor, with their technical performance in compliance with the relevant requirements of national standard, professional standard and the Rules, as well as the relevant technical specifications released by the Ministry of Railways.
As for patent-involved freight loading reinforcement materials and devices, the protection, use and transfer of patent, as well as dispute settlement shall strictly comply with Patent Law of the People's Republic of China and other regulations concerned. The consignor shall not use any freight loading reinforcement material or device with patent infringement identified by patent administrative department or judged by the people's court.
Chapter II Basic Technical Provisions
Article 9 Prior to loading, correct vehicle shall be selected in compliance with Wagon Use Restrictions (see attached Table 1) and the relevant requirements. Without the approval of Transport Bureau of MOR, the goods loaded in any type of wagon shall not go beyond the corresponding design scope.
The technical parameters of wagon are released by the Transport Bureau of MOR. See the appendix for the general technical parameters for open wagon, flatcar and long and big wagon. In case of any discrepancy between the technical parameters marked on the wagon body and those in the appendix, the technical parameters on wagon shall prevail. The wagon manufacture and overhaul units shall guarantee the accuracy of technical parameters marked on the wagon body.
It is prohibited to use any open wagon, flatcar or long and big wagon that are not in the list published by the Transport Bureau of MOR or with incomplete technical parameters.
Article 10 Where flatcar with end and side plates are used to load goods that protrude the car floor in length or width, the end and side plates may be laid down and the goods are bound firmly with the car body using galvanized iron wire or clamped using iron lock.
When the flatcar marked with "closed" is running, the end plate shall be upright and closed. Under special circumstances, the car is allowed to run with the end plate laid down, provided that the device for stopping buffer action is installed; or where the end plate of one flatcar is lifted reliably, the end plate of its adjacent flatcar may be laid down during running.
Article 11 After loading, the general gravity center of goods shall be projected at the cross point of longitudinal and horizontal center lines. If deviation is inevitable, the lateral deviation value shall not exceed 100mm; in case of longitudinal deviation, the goods weight on each bogie shall not exceed one half of the allowable loading capacity of wagon, and the load difference between two bogies shall not be greater than 10t.
Article 12 If the center height of gravity for wagon loaded is more than 2000mm from the rail surface, the wagon shall run at limited speed as specified in Table 2-1. In this case, the loading station shall send message to the railway bureau to ask for instruction and the bureau shall give instruction via telegram. In case of trans-bureau transportation, it shall copy to all railway bureaus involved and Article 31 hereof shall be met.
Table 2-1
Center height of gravity for wagon loaded H
(mm) Section speed limit
(km/h) Speed limit for passing through lateral turnout (km/h)
2000
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Basic Technical Provisions
Chapter III Special Regulations
Section I Out-of-gauge and Lengthy Goods
Section II Timber and Bamboo
Section III Wheel and Crawler Type Goods and Cylindrical and Spherical Goods
Section IV Metal Materials and Articles
Section V Prestressed Beam
Chapter IV Scheme Management
Chapter V Full-loading Operation
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Attached Tables
Table 1 Use Limitations of Wagon
Table 2 Allowable Loading Capacity When Partial Floor of Flatcar Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 3 Allowable Loading Capacity When Partial Floor of Well Car Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 4 Allowable Loading Capacity When Long and Large Flatcar Partially Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 5 Allowable Loading Capacity When Uniformly Distributed Load is Borne between Two Sleeper Beams of 60t and 61t Open Wagons
Table 6 Allowable Loading Capacity When Symmetrical Concentrated Load is Borne between Two Sleeper Beams of 60t and 61t Open Wagons
Table 7 Allowable Loading Capacity When uniformly distributed load is Borne Between Two Sleeper Beams of C70 and C70H Open Wagons
Table 8 Allowable Loading Capacity When Symmetrical Concentrated Load is Borne Between Two Sleeper Beams of C70 and C70H Open Wagons
Annexes
Annex 1 Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement and Formalization Scheme
Annex 2 Common Calculation Formulae for Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement
Annex 3 Goods Loading Gauge Diagram
Annex 4 List of Loading Limitation in Specific Sections
Annex 5 Common Loading Reinforcement Materials and Device
Annex 6 Trial Scheme and Materials for Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement
Appendix Technical Parameter Tables for Open Wagon, Flatcar and Long and Big Wagon
第一章 總 則
第一條 為加強(qiáng)鐵路貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作，確保鐵路運(yùn)輸安全，依據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)鐵路法》、《中華人民共和國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)法》、《鐵路運(yùn)輸安全保護(hù)條例》和《鐵路貨物運(yùn)輸規(guī)程》等法律法規(guī)、規(guī)章，制定本規(guī)則。
第二條 本規(guī)則適用于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距的國(guó)家鐵路、合資鐵路、地方鐵路和專用鐵路、鐵路專用線，是鐵路貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作的基本依據(jù)。承運(yùn)人、托運(yùn)人和收貨人均應(yīng)遵守本規(guī)則。
第三條 貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作技術(shù)性強(qiáng)，是鐵路運(yùn)輸工作的重要組成部分。其主要任務(wù)是：保證貨物、貨車的完整和行車安全，充分利用貨車載重力和容積，安全、迅速、合理、經(jīng)濟(jì)地運(yùn)輸貨物。
第四條 貨物裝載加固的基本技術(shù)要求是：使貨物均衡、穩(wěn)定、合理地分布在貨車上，不超載，不偏載，不偏重，不集重；能夠經(jīng)受正常調(diào)車作業(yè)以及列車運(yùn)行中所產(chǎn)生各種力的作用，在運(yùn)輸全過程中，不發(fā)生移動(dòng)、滾動(dòng)、傾覆、倒塌或墜落等情況。
第五條 鐵路局（含專業(yè)運(yùn)輸公司，下同）要高度重視貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作，配備專人負(fù)責(zé)，積極運(yùn)用先進(jìn)、成熟、經(jīng)濟(jì)、適用、可靠的技術(shù)和設(shè)備，不斷改進(jìn)和完善技術(shù)管理手段，提高貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作質(zhì)量。
鐵路局及其直屬貨運(yùn)站段應(yīng)成立裝載加固技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，建立工作制度。裝載加固技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組具體負(fù)責(zé)本部門貨物裝載加固方案的審核、申報(bào)、實(shí)施工作，組織落實(shí)按方案裝車、裝車質(zhì)量簽認(rèn)制度和貨車滿載措施，以及有關(guān)技術(shù)業(yè)務(wù)指導(dǎo)、監(jiān)督、檢查工作。
合資鐵路、地方鐵路和專用鐵路、鐵路專用線企業(yè)應(yīng)按本規(guī)則規(guī)定做好裝載加固有關(guān)工作。
第六條 各裝車單位應(yīng)建立健全裝車崗位責(zé)任制，堅(jiān)持裝車從嚴(yán)、發(fā)站從嚴(yán)的原則，嚴(yán)格按裝載加固方案裝車。
重點(diǎn)貨物實(shí)行裝車質(zhì)量簽認(rèn)制度，鐵路局應(yīng)制定管內(nèi)裝車質(zhì)量簽認(rèn)辦法，并報(bào)部備案。
第七條 本規(guī)則未規(guī)定的貨物裝載加固方法、裝載加固材料及裝置，應(yīng)由托運(yùn)人會(huì)同承運(yùn)人，在安全運(yùn)輸?shù)那疤嵯陆M織試運(yùn)。試運(yùn)的有關(guān)要求按本規(guī)則第四章辦理。
第八條 貨物裝載加固材料及裝置由托運(yùn)人自備，其技術(shù)性能應(yīng)符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和本規(guī)則有關(guān)要求，以及鐵道部公布的有關(guān)技術(shù)條件。
涉及專利權(quán)的貨物裝載加固材料及裝置，其專利保護(hù)、使用、轉(zhuǎn)讓及糾紛處理等應(yīng)嚴(yán)格遵守《中華人民共和國(guó)專利法》和相關(guān)規(guī)定。托運(yùn)人不得使用經(jīng)專利管理部門認(rèn)定或人民法院判決侵犯專利權(quán)的貨物裝載加固材料及裝置。
第二章 基本技術(shù)條件
第九條 裝車前應(yīng)正確選擇車輛，遵守貨車使用限制表（見附表1）及有關(guān)規(guī)定。未經(jīng)鐵道部運(yùn)輸局批準(zhǔn)，各類貨車裝載的貨物不得超出貨車的設(shè)計(jì)用途范圍。
貨車的技術(shù)參數(shù)由鐵道部運(yùn)輸局公布，常用敞車、平車、長(zhǎng)大貨物車技術(shù)參數(shù)參見附錄。凡貨車車體上的標(biāo)記技術(shù)參數(shù)與附錄不一致時(shí)，以車體上的標(biāo)記技術(shù)參數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。貨車制造、檢修單位應(yīng)確保貨車車體上涂打的標(biāo)記技術(shù)參數(shù)的準(zhǔn)確性。
凡未經(jīng)鐵道部運(yùn)輸局公布的，技術(shù)參數(shù)不全的敞車、平車及長(zhǎng)大貨物車，一律不得使用。
第十條 使用有端、側(cè)板的平車裝載長(zhǎng)度或?qū)挾瘸鲕嚨匕宓呢浳铮蓪⒍恕?cè)板放下，同時(shí)用鍍鋅鐵線將其與車體捆綁牢固或用鎖鐵卡緊。
涂打“ ”的平車在運(yùn)行時(shí)，端板應(yīng)處于立起關(guān)閉狀態(tài)。特殊情況下，在安裝車鉤緩沖停止器后允許將端板放倒運(yùn)行；或?qū)善杰囅噜彾说囊惠v平車的端板采取可靠吊起措施后，可將另一輛平車的端板放倒運(yùn)行。
第十一條 裝車后貨物總重心的投影應(yīng)位于貨車縱、橫中心線的交叉點(diǎn)上。必須偏離時(shí)，橫向偏離量不得超過100mm；縱向偏離時(shí)，每個(gè)車輛轉(zhuǎn)向架所承受的貨物重量不得超過貨車容許載重量的二分之一，且兩轉(zhuǎn)向架承受重量之差不得大于10t。
第十二條 重車重心高度從鋼軌面起，超過2000mm時(shí)應(yīng)按表2-1的規(guī)定限速運(yùn)行。限速運(yùn)行時(shí)，由裝車站以文電向鐵路局請(qǐng)示，鐵路局以電報(bào)批示，跨局運(yùn)輸則應(yīng)同時(shí)抄給有關(guān)鐵路局，并符合本規(guī)則第三十一條的規(guī)定。
表2-1
重車重心高度H
（mm） 區(qū)間限速
（km/h） 通過側(cè)向道岔限速（km/h）
2000
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