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YY/T 0809 consists of the following parts, under the general title Implants for surgery - Partial and total hip joint prostheses:
——Part 1: Classification and designation of dimensions;
——Part 2: Articulating surfaces made of metallic, ceramic and plastics materials
——Part 3: (Reserved);
——Part 4: Determination of endurance properties and performance of stemmed femoral components;
——Part 5: (Reserved);
——Part 6: Endurance properties testing and performance requirements of neck region of stemmed femoral components;
——Part 7: (Reserved);
——Part 8: Endurance performance of stemmed femoral components with application of torsion;
——Part 9: (Reserved);
——Part 10: Determination of resistance to static load of modular femoral heads;
——Part 11:
——Part 12: Deformation test method for acetabular shells;
——Part 13: Determination of resistance to torque of head fixation of stemmed femoral components.
This is Part 12 of YY/T 0809.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
?
This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 7206-12: 2016 Implants for surgery - Partial and total hip joint prostheses - Part 12: Deformation test method for acetabular shells.
The following main technical changes have been made with respect to ISO 7206-12:2016:
——The adjustment on technical differences are made for the normative references of this Part to adapt to the technical conditions in China. The adjustments are mainly reflected in clause 2 "Normative references", which are shown as follows:
? ISO 2768-2 is replaced by GB/T 1184 which is adjusted into the Bibliography.
? ISO 21534 is replaced by GB/T 12417.2, which is identical to the international standard;
? ISO 7206-1 is replaced by YY/T 0809.1, which is identical to the international standard;
? ISO 7206-2 is replaced by YY/T 0809.2, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part was proposed by the National Medical Products Administration of People’s Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 110/SC 1 the Subcommittee on Orthopaedic Implants of the National Technical Committee on Implants for Surgery and Orthopaedic Devices of Standardization Administration of China.
Implants for surgery - Partial and total hip joint prostheses -
Part 12: Deformation test method for acetabular shells
1 Scope
This part of YY/T 0809 specifies a test method for determining short-term deformation of a press-fit acetabular component for total hip joint replacement under specific laboratory conditions. It also defines the conditions of testing so that the important parameters that affect the components are taken into account and it describes how the specimen is set up for testing. Furthermore, this part specifies the test parameters of press-fit acetabular components tested in accordance with this part.
The test method is intended to be used to evaluate the comparison of various designs and materials used for acetabular components in total hip joint replacement when tested under similar conditions.
The loading of the acetabular components in vivo will, in general, differ from the loading defined in this test method. The results obtained here cannot be used to directly predict in vivo performance.
This part does not cover methods of examining the test specimen.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 12417.2 Non-active surgical implants - Osteosynthesis and joint replacement implants - Part 2: Particular requirements for joint replacement implants (GB/T 12417.2-2008, ISO 21534: 2002, IDT)
YY/T 0809.1 Implants for surgery - Partial and total hip joint prostheses - Part 1: Classification and designation of dimensions (YY/T 0809.1-2010, ISO 7206-1: 2008, IDT)
YY/T 0809.2 Implants for surgery - Partial and total hip joint prostheses - Part 2: Articulating surfaces made of metallic, ceramic and plastics materials (YY/T 0809.2-2010, ISO 7206-2: 1996, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in YY/T 0809.1, YY/T 0809.2 and GB/T 12417.2 and the following, apply.
3.1
metal backing deformation
amount of geometrical deviation (inner diameter and circularity of metal backing in a defined measurement plane) from design specifications under loading conditions
3.2
spherical socket deformation
articulating surface deformation
amount of geometrical deviation (diameter and circularity in a defined measurement plane) from design specifications under loading conditions
3.3
frontal face reference plane
plane, perpendicular to the component polar axis, nominally at the frontal face level (see Figure 1a))
Note 1: In case of doubt, the polar axis can be defined as a straight line perpendicular to the plane spanning around the contact zone of the acetabular component to the cortical bone, and passing through the centre point of the ball sphere approximating the acetabular component’s outer sphere.
Note 2: In case of an asymmetrically shaped front face, e.g. anatomically shaped acetabular components, the frontal face reference plane can be located at a level, which contains the largest part of the frontal face that is perpendicular to the component polar axis (see Figures 1b) and 1c)).
Note 3: In case the frontal face does not contain any part perpendicular to the component axis, the frontal face reference plane can be located at that level perpendicular to the polar axis at the approximated middle between the highest and the lowest point of the frontal face (see Figure 1d)).
Note: Marked (shaded) areas of the frontal face are located in the reference plane.
Figure 1 Frontal face reference plane of acetabular components
3.4
loading plane
plane, parallel to the frontal face reference plane and located in an area where the acetabular cup gets in contact with the cortical bone after being properly and fully seated intraoperatively
Example: For symmetrically shaped acetabular components, Figure 1a), the loading plane will usually be located close to the frontal face reference plane.
3.5
measurement plane
plane, parallel to the frontal face reference plane, located with a certain distance to the frontal face reference plane but as close as possible to the frontal face reference plane
Note 1: The sensitivity of the deformation measurement decreases with increasing distance of the measurement plane from the front face reference plane and with decreasing distance of the measurement plane to the top of the cup.
Note 2: Within the measurement plane, the measurement points for determining the inner diameter of the test specimen can be captured. Therefore, the measurement plane can be defined so that capturing the measurement points is not disturbed by any design features of the test specimen as holes or cut-outs. The measurement points can be captured at the test specimen directly; they cannot be captured at the load frame.
4 Principle
The test specimen is subjected to diametrically opposite two-point loading. For the determination of short-term deformation, measurements of diameter in loading direction in a defined measurement plane are carried out prior and under loading, as well as after unloading. This deformation measurement procedure is repeated two times after rotating the specimen with rotation angles of itself, of which each rotation angle measures 120° to account for influence of asymmetric design features as fins, holes, etc.
Metal-backed modular acetabular components can deform and affect the seating of the insert. The combination of metal-backing and insert can deform and affect the tribology. So such components shall be tested in two steps: first step, testing of the metal backing alone; second step, testing of the metal backing with the appropriately mounted bearing insert.
Press-fit installation of monoblock acetabular cup components can cause deformation of the articular surface which may affect tribology. Such components shall be tested in only one step.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Loading device
A load frame capable of the following functionality:
a) shall not exhibit any visible and irreversible deformation under loading the test specimen;
b) shall allow reproducible loading and unloading of a test specimen along a defined mechanical axis and measuring loads and distances, respectively;
c) shall be capable of loading acetabular cups up to a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 50 mm.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Apparatus
6 Procedure
7 Report
Bibliography
CS 11.040.40
C 35
YY
中華人民共和國醫藥行業標準
外科植入物 部分和全髖關節假體
第12部分:髖臼杯形變測試方法
Implants for surgery—Partial and total hip joint prostheses—
Part 12:Deformation test method for acetabular shells
(ISO 7206-12:2016,MOD)
2020-06-30發布 2021-06-01實施
國家藥品監督管理局 發布
前言
YY/T 0809《外科植入物 部分和全髖關節假體》預計分為以下幾個部分:
——第1部分:分類和尺寸標注;
——第2部分:金屬、陶瓷及塑料關節面;
——第3部分:(預留);
——第4部分:帶柄股骨部件疲勞性能試驗和性能要求;
——第5部分:(預留);
——第6部分:帶柄股骨部件頸部疲勞性能試驗和性能要求;
——第7部分:(預留);
——第8部分:有扭矩作用的帶柄股骨部件疲勞性能;
——第9部分:(預留);
——第10部分:組合式股骨頭抗靜載力測定;
——第11部分:
——第12部分:髖臼杯形變測試方法;
——第13部分:帶柄股骨部件頭部固定抗扭轉力矩的測定。
本部分為YY/T 0809的第12部分。
本部分按照GB/T 1.1—2009給出的規則起草。
本部分使用重新起草法修改采用ISO 7206-12:2016《外科植入物 部分和全髖關節假體 第12部分:髖臼杯形變測試方法》。
本部分與ISO 7206-12:201 6相比,存在如下技術差異:
——關于規范性引用文件,本部分做了具有技術性差異的調整,以適應我國的技術條件,調整的情況集中反映在第2章“規范性引用文件”中,具體調整如下:
· 用GB/T 1184代替ISO 2768-2,并調整至參考文獻中;
· 用等同采用國際標準的GB/T 12417.2代替ISO 21534;
· 用等同采用國際標準的YY/T 0809.1代替ISO 7206-1;
· 用修改采用國際標準的YY/T 0809.2代替ISO 7206-2。
請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別這些專利的責任。
本部分由國家藥品監督管理局提出。
本部分由全國外科植人物和矯形器械標準化技術委員會骨科植入物分技術委員會(SAC/TC 110/SC 1)歸口。
外科植入物 部分和全髖關節假體
第12部分:髖臼杯形變測試方法
1 范圍
YY/T 0809的本部分規定了在特定的實驗室條件下,測量用于全髖關節置換的壓配式髖臼部件短期形變的試驗方法,也規定了測試條件,考慮了影響測試部件的重要參數,并且描述了試驗樣品的安裝方法。此外,還規定了測試壓配式髖臼部件的試驗參數。
本試驗方法適用于在相似試驗條件下對用于全髖關節置換的不同髖臼部件的設計和材料進行對比、評估。
髖臼部件在體內的受力情況一般不同于本試驗方法規定的受力情況。本試驗得到的結果不能直接用于預測髖臼部件在體內的性能。
本部分不包括試驗樣品的檢查方法。
2 規范性引用文件
下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 1241 7.2 無源外科植入物 骨接合與關節置換植入物 第2部分:關節置換植入物特殊要求(GB/T 12417.2—2008,ISO 21534:2002,IDT)
YY/T 0809.1 外科植入物 部分和全髖關節假體 第1部分:分類和尺寸標注(YY/T 0809.1 2010,ISO 7206-1:2008,IDT)
YY/T 0809.2 外科植入物 部分和全髖關節假體 第2部分:金屬、陶瓷及塑料關節面(YY/T 0809.2 2010,ISO 7206-2:1996,MOD)
3 術語和定義
YY/T 0809.1、YY/T 0809.2和GB/T 12417.2界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。
3.1
金屬杯形變 metal backing deformation
在加載條件下,金屬杯的內徑和網度在規定的測量平面內與設計尺寸的幾何偏差。
3.2
內球面形變 spherical socketde formation
關節面形變 articulating surface deformation
在加載條件下,直徑和網度在規定的測量平面內與設計尺寸的幾何偏差。
3.3
前參考平面 frontal face reference plane
垂直于髖臼部件極軸的平面,通常為髖臼部件的前平面[見圖1a)]
注1:如有異議,極軸可定義為與髖臼部件和皮質骨接觸區域的橫跨面垂直,并通過髖臼部件外球球心的直線。
注2:如髖臼部件前平面形狀不對稱,比如解剖型的髖臼部件,前參考平面可定義為垂直于髖臼部件極軸且包含最大前平面的平面[見圖1b)和圖1c)]。
注3:如髖臼部件前平面無垂直于髖臼部件極軸的區域,前參考平面可定義為前平面最高點和最低點中間位置的一個垂直于極軸的平面[見圖1d)]。
注:髖臼前平面標注區域(陰影部分)位于參考平面內。
圖1 髖臼部件的前參考平面
3.4
加載平面 Loading plane
平行于前參考平面,位于在術中正確放置髖臼杯后髖臼杯與皮質骨接觸區域的一個平面。
示例:對于對稱的髖臼部件[如圖1a)],加載平面通常位于接近前參考平面的位置。
3.5
測量平面 Measurement plane
平行于前參考平面,距前參考平面一定距離但盡可能地接近的一個平面。
注1:形變測量的靈敏度隨著測量平面和前參考平面之間距離的增加而降低,隨著測量平面與髖臼杯頂端距離的減小而降低。
注2:可從測量平面內獲取測量點來測定試驗樣品的內徑。因此,定義測量平面時應保證測量點的獲取不會受到試驗樣品任何設計特征(如孔或缺口)的干擾。測量點可直接從試驗樣品上獲取,不可從加載裝置上獲取。
4 試驗原理
在試驗樣品直徑兩端,施加相對方向的兩點載荷。測定短期形變時,在規定的測量平面內,測量試驗樣品加載前、加載時和卸載后在加載方向上的直徑。此后,繞產品本身旋轉2次,每次旋轉120°,重復以上形變測定步驟,以考慮非對稱設計(如翼凸、孔等)的影響。
組配式金屬髖臼部件可能會發生形變并影響髖臼內襯的裝配。而金屬髖臼杯與髖臼內襯的組配件也可能發生形變并影響摩擦性能。所以應分為兩步測試此類部件:第一步,僅測試金屬杯。第二步,測試已裝配好髖臼內襯的金屬杯。
整體式髖臼杯部件的壓配固定可能導致關節面的形變,進而影響摩擦性能。此類部件應一步完成測試。
5 儀器設備
5.1 加載裝置
加載裝置應該具備以下功能:
a) 當試樣加載時,不會出現可見的和不可逆的變形;
b) 應能沿規定的機械軸線對試樣進行重復加載和卸載,并應能分別測量載荷和位移;
c) 應能對最大直徑100 mm、高度50 mm的髖臼杯加載。
圖2 對髖臼杯或髖臼杯系統施加兩點載荷的加載裝置示例
圖2所示為一種加載裝置,該裝置在參考文獻[1]和參考文獻[12]中均有描述。如圖3所示,加載裝置有兩個固定在兩條平行導軌兩端的橫梁和兩個通用的可沿導軌滑動的橫梁。載荷通過載荷調節螺栓施加到一個可移動橫梁,并通過螺旋彈簧傳導至第二個可移動橫梁。
注:螺旋彈簧降低了裝置的剛度,使得加載時能獲得較大的載荷容差以克服加載過程中微小位移對實驗加載的影響,因為潛在的載荷偏籌取決于位移與系統剛度系數的乘積。
說明:
1——導軌; 7——載荷調節螺栓;
2,3——固定橫梁; 8——載荷傳感器;
4,5——可移動橫梁; 9——夾持/加載平面。
6——螺旋彈簧;
圖3 加載裝置原理圖
加載過程中,夾持樣品的夾爪應具有平整的夾持平面(平整度參見GB/T 1184),避免樣品在加載或測量過程中因傾斜或滑動產生側向力。
某些髖臼部件的設計包括了一些具有特定目的設計元素,如復雜的翻修手術或病人的特殊需求,具體例如邊緣錨定,符合解剖形態的邊緣等。如果測試此類髖臼部件,應設計和使用合適的夾爪用于固定和加載試樣。
夾持面的寬度應不低于測試樣品前參照面外徑的20%,這樣在試驗前可將試樣接觸點通過手動調整至夾持面的中心,而無需附加對中裝置或工具。如果使用其他對中裝置或工具,應確保兩點載荷和試樣的變形不會受到限制。
載荷傳感器應能測量軸向壓力且不確定度為1%。
5.2 試樣選擇
應隨機選取被確定為最差情況型號的髖臼部件作為試樣,其應能代表產品的生產制造,并與最終產品具有相同的幾何結構,使用相同的材料規范和加工工藝。
注:對于組合式的髖臼部件,對于第一步試驗(金屬杯的變形)和第二步試驗(髖臼部件關節面的變形)最差情況型號可能會不一樣。
如果組合式髖臼部件使用了不同關節面材料,則應評估所有內襯的關節面材料和尺寸以確定其最差情況。同時也應考慮設計特征,例如不對稱排列的螺釘孔。
6 試驗步驟
a) 加載之前,用一種可行的測量裝置在各個預期的加載方向測量試樣內徑D0[mm]。應測量位于測量平面上臼窩的內徑,測量不確定度應小于5 μm。
此外,在同一個測量平面內可在其他位置測量直徑,比如,在垂直于加載方向進行測量,以獲取試樣整體變形行為的補充數據。
b) 將試樣置于試驗裝置上,平穩地旋轉載荷調節螺栓以施加并保持(1.00±0.01)kN的軸向載荷。要避免不穩定的加載。試樣與試驗裝置加載面的接觸點應位于加載平面內。
c) 在a)中所述的同一測量平面內,用同一測量裝置在加載方向測量試樣的直徑D1(mm)。髖臼杯的變形等于D0—D1。
d) 卸載。
e) 按c)中所述的測量方向,使用同一測量裝置再次測量直徑D0’[mm]。如果測得與a)中所得的初始直徑的殘差,D0’—D0,大于測量設備的不確定度,且測得大于c)中得到的變形的2%[(D0’—D0)/(D0—D0)>0.02],說明發生了塑性變形。在這種情況下,應停止測試該試樣,使用下一個試樣從a)開始進行試驗。
f) 以部件極軸作為旋轉中心,相對之前的位置把杯旋轉120°,重復b)~e)步驟。仍以部件極軸作為旋轉中心,相對之前的位置把杯再次旋轉120°,重復b)~e)步驟。然后測試下一試樣。
試驗條件:組裝和測量應在一致的實驗室條件下進行。
試驗樣本數量至少為3件。對于不對稱的樣品,應確定參照方位。試驗開始前相對該方位繞極軸的旋轉角在不同試樣問應變化。
除了僅在加載方向測量樣品直徑,也可以通過在適當的測量平面內評估試樣直徑和網度的差異來測定其變形。
某些罕見的髖臼部件設計為壓配式整杯,它們由塑料制成,盡管其臨床效果頗佳,但仍不能承受本標準規定的不產生不可逆損壞的載荷條件。在這種情況下,可以適當降低載荷。該類新設計髖臼杯系統與已有臨床產品的對比也應使用小載荷的測試結果。
7 報告
試驗報告應包含以下信息:
a) 引用YY/T 0809本部分的內容;
b) 髖臼杯所有部件的特征及描述,應與委托檢測試樣的一方所陳述的一致,以及制造商名稱和所列參考文獻;
c) 每種最差情況的設計、尺寸、材料組合(如適用)的髖臼部件(如杯、內襯)的尺寸及公差;
d) 與髖臼部件設計規范的偏離;
e) 試驗裝置的材料和剛度,如螺旋彈簧的材料和剛度;
f) 針對非對稱杯邊緣設計,如圖1b)~圖1d)所示,描述在裝置中加載時臼杯的方位,以給出臼杯和加載平面的接觸信息,如拍攝照片;
g) 針對非對稱杯邊緣設計,如圖1b)~圖1d)所示,描述如何定義極軸;
h) 針對非對稱杯邊緣設計,如圖1b)~圖1d)所示,描述如何針對試樣設計定義前參照平面;
i) 從測量平面到前參照平面的距離,以及測量平面相對于前參照平面(遠端/近端)如何定位;
j) 加載時,對應于每一個最差情況的結構(如杯、杯/內襯組合)、設計、尺寸和材料組合所測試的范圍和平均變形(標準偏差)(直徑,其他測量結果);
k) 卸載后,對應于每一個最差情況的結構(如杯、杯/內襯組合)、設計、尺寸和材料組合所測試的范圍和平均塑性變形(標準偏差)(直徑,其他測量結果);
l) 測量裝置的規范(直徑測量);
m) 任何因測試方法造成的偏差。
參考文獻
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