1 Application Scope
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for tailpipe emissions and evaporative emissions of the motorcycle with spark-ignition engine, as well as the emission requirements for crankcase, endurance requirements for emission-control devices and technical requirements for on-board diagnostic (OBD) system.
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for tailpipe emissions of the three-wheeled motorcycle with compression-ignition engine, as well as the endurance requirements for emission-control devices and technical requirements for on-board diagnostic (OBD) system.
This standard specifies the type test requirements as well as production conformity inspection and judgment methods for motorcycles.
This standard is applicable to the motorcycles driven by spark-ignition engine, with maximum design speed greater than 50km/h or displacement greater than 50ml, and the three-wheeled motorcycles driven by compression-ignition engine, with maximum design speed greater than 50km/h or displacement greater than 50ml.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies
GB/T 15089-2001 Classification of Power - Driven Vehicles and Trailers
HJ/T 289 Equipment Specifications and Quality Control Requirements for Gasoline Vehicles in Two-Speed Idle Exhaust Emission Test
QC/T 1003 Determination of Precious Metal in Metal Support Catalytic Converter for Motorcycles
ISO 2575: 2010 Road Vehicles - Symbols For Controls, Indicators and Tell-tales
ISO 9141-2 Road Vehicles - Diagnostic Systems - Part 2: CARB Requirements for Interchange of Digital Information
ISO 14229-3 Road Vehicles - Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) - Part 3: Unified Diagnostic Services on CAN Implementation (UDSonCAN)
ISO 14229-4 Road Vehicles - Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) - Part 4: Unified Diagnostic Services on FlexRay Implementation (UDSonFR)
ISO 14230-4 Road Vehicles - Diagnostic Systems - Keyword Protocol 2000 - Part 4: Requirements for Emission-related Systems
ISO 15031-3 Road Vehicles - Communication between Vehicle and External Equipment for Emissions-related Diagnostics - Part 3: Diagnostic Connector and Related Electrical Circuits, Specification and Use
ISO 15031-4: 2014 Road Vehicles - Communication between Vehicle and External Equipment for Emissions-related Diagnostics - Part 4: External Test Equipment
ISO 15031-5: 2011 Road Vehicles - Communication between Vehicle and External Equipment for Emissions-related Diagnostics - Part 5: Emissions-related Diagnostic Services
ISO 15031-6: 2010 Road Vehicles - Communication between Vehicle and External Equipment for Emissions-related Diagnostics - Part 6: Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
ISO 15765-4 Road Vehicles - Diagnostics on Controller Area Network (CAN) - Part 4: Requirements for Emissions-related Systems
ISO 19689 Motorcycles and Mopeds - Communication between Vehicle and External Equipment for Diagnostics - Diagnostic Connector and Related Electrical Circuits, Specification and Use
ISO 22901-2 Road Vehicles - Open Diagnostic Data Exchange (ODX) - Part 2: Emissions-related Diagnostic Data
SAE J1850 Class B Data Communications Network Interface
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
motorcycle
According to GB/T 15089-2001:
Two-wheeled motorcycle (Type L3): if equipped with heat engine, its cylinder displacement shall exceed 50ml; or whatever driving mode is adopted, the maximum design speed shall exceed 50km/h.
Motorcycle with sidecar (Type L4): if equipped with heat engine, its cylinder displacement shall exceed 50ml; or whatever driving mode is adopted, the maximum design speed shall exceed 50km/h; as for such motorcycle equipped with sidecar, the three wheels are asymmetrically arranged in relation to the longitudinal median plane of the motorcycle.
Right three-wheeled motorcycle (Type L5): if equipped with heat engine, its cylinder displacement shall exceed 50ml; or whatever driving mode is adopted, the maximum design speed shall exceed 50km/h; as for such motorcycle, the three wheels are symmetrically arranged in relation to the longitudinal median plane of the motorcycle.
3.2
type test
the type approval test for new trial-manufactured product after completion of motorcycle type design to verify whether the product meets the technical requirements of this standard
3.3
gas fuel
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or natural gas (NG)
3.4
bi-fuel motorcycle
the motorcycles that can use either gasoline or a kind of gas as fuel, but cannot use them at the same time
3.5
mono fuel gas motorcycle
the motorcycles that can only use one kind of gas fuel (LPG or NG), or can use either gasoline or gas fuel (LPG or NG) but gasoline can only be used for an emergency or the start of engine
3.6
equivalent inertia
the mass equivalent to the moving and rotational inertia of the motorcycle in motion which is simulated by an inertia simulator on the chassis dynamometer
3.7
reference mass
the complete vehicle kerb mass of motorcycle plus 75kg (the mass of driver)
3.8
diluted gases
the mixed gas uniformly diluted by air after being discharged from the tailpipe of the motorcycle
3.9
gaseous pollutants
the carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon compounds (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) expressed by nitrogen dioxide equivalent in the tailpipe emissions. The assumed carbon-hydrogen ratio of hydrocarbon compounds is as follows:
——gasoline: C1H1.85;
——diesel: C1H1.86;
——liquefied petroleum gas (LPG): C1H2.525;
——natural gas (NG): CH4.
3.10
particulate matter (PM)
the exhaust composition collected by a filter according to the test method described in Annex C at the maximum temperature of 325.2K (52℃)
3.11
tailpipe emissions
the gaseous pollutants and particulate matter exhausted by motorcycle tailpipe
3.12
operating mode at normal idling speed or at high idling speed
operating mode at normal idling speed refers to the minimum steady operating state of no-load engine, namely, the engine is in normal operation, the gearbox is in neutral gear, the throttle control is at the minimum position, the choke valve is fully opened and the engine rotation speed meets the requirements of the manufacturer's technical document
operating mode at high idling speed refers to that the engine rotation speed is steadily controlled at the high idling speed specified in the manufacturer's technical document through adjusting the throttle control when complying with all above-mentioned conditions (except the throttle control position; for the motorcycle with automatic gearbox, the driving wheel shall be in free state); however, the high idling speed cannot be lower than 2 000r/min. The engine rotation speed, if not specified in the technical document, shall be controlled at 2 500±250r/min
Foreword i
1 Application Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Type Test and Test Information Disclosure
5 General Requirements
6 Type Test Requirements
7 Production Conformity Inspection
8 Motorcycle Type Extension
9 In-service Compliance
10 Standard Implementation
Annex A (Normative) Relevant Information of Type Test
Annex B (Normative) Type Test Result
Annex C (Normative) Emission Test for Tailpipe Emissions after Cold Start at Normal Temperature (Type I test)
Annex D (Normative) Test at Double Idling Speed or Test of Smoke Intensity at Free Acceleration (Type II Test)
Annex E (Normative) Emission Test for Evaporative Emissions (Type IV Test)
Annex F (Normative) Endurance Test of Emission-control Device (Type V Test)
Annex G (Normative) On-board Diagnostic (OBD) System
Annex H (Normative) Technical Requirements for Reference Fuels
Annex I (Normative) Production Conformity Assurance Requirements
Annex J (Normative) Type Extension Requirements
摩托車污染物排放限值及測量方法(中國第四階段)
1 適用范圍
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了裝用點(diǎn)燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的摩托車排氣污染物、蒸發(fā)污染物的排放限值及測量方法,以及曲軸箱排放要求、污染控制裝置的耐久性要求和車載診斷(OBD)系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)要求。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了裝用壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的三輪摩托車排氣污染物的排放限值及測量方法,以及污染控制裝置的耐久性要求和車載診斷(OBD)系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)要求。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了摩托車型式檢驗(yàn)的要求、生產(chǎn)一致性的檢查與判定方法。
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于以點(diǎn)燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)為動(dòng)力,最大設(shè)計(jì)車速大于50 km/h或排量大于50 ml的摩托車,和以壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)為動(dòng)力,最大設(shè)計(jì)車速大于50 km/h或排量大于50 ml的三輪摩托車。
2規(guī)范性引用文件
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)引用了下列文件或其中的條款。凡是未注明日期的引用文件,其最新版本適用于本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
GB/T 15089—2001機(jī)動(dòng)車輛及掛車分類
HJ/T 289汽油車雙怠速法排氣污染物測量設(shè)備技術(shù)要求
QC/T 1003摩托車金屬載體催化器貴金屬涂覆量測量方法
ISO 2575:2010道路車輛 操縱件、指示器及信號裝置的圖形符號(Road vehicles—Symbols for controls,indicators and tell-tales)
ISO 9141-2道路車輛 診斷系統(tǒng) 第2部分:加州空氣資源局對數(shù)字信息交換的要求(Road vehicles—Diagnostic systems—Part 2:CARB requirements for interchange of digital information)
ISO 14229-3道路車輛 統(tǒng)一診斷服務(wù)(UDS)第3部分:控制器局域網(wǎng)(CAN)實(shí)現(xiàn)的統(tǒng)一診斷服務(wù)(UDSonCAN)(Road vehicles—Unified diagnostic services(UDS)—Part 3:Unified diagnostic services on CAN implementation(UDSonCAN))
ISO 14229-4道路車輛 統(tǒng)一診斷服務(wù)(UDS)第4部分:FlexRay實(shí)現(xiàn)的統(tǒng)一診斷服務(wù)(UDSonFR)(Road vehicles—Unified diagnostic services(UDS)—Part 4:Unified diagnostic services on FlexRay implementation(UDSonFR))
ISO 14230-4道路車輛 診斷系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵詞協(xié)議2000 第4部分:排放有關(guān)系統(tǒng)的要求(Road vehicles—Diagnostic systems—Keyword Protocol 2000—Part 4:Requirements for emission-related systems)
ISO 15031-3道路車輛 車輛與排放診斷用外部試驗(yàn)裝置之間的通信第3部分:診斷連接器和相關(guān)的電路,技術(shù)要求及使用(Road vehicles—Communication between vehicle and external eauipment for emissions-related diagnostics—Part 3:Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits,specification and use)
ISO 15031-4:2014道路車輛 車輛與排放診斷用外部試驗(yàn)裝置之間的通信第4部分:外部試驗(yàn)裝置(Road vehicles—Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions.related diagnostics—Part 4:External test equipment)
ISO 15031-5:2011道路車輛 車輛與排放診斷用外部試驗(yàn)裝置之間的通信 第5部分:排放有關(guān)的診斷服務(wù)(Road vehicles—Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics—Part 5:Emissions-related diagnostic services)
ISO 15031-6:2010道路車輛 車輛與排放診斷用外部試驗(yàn)裝置之間的通信 第6部分:診斷故障代碼的定義(Road vehicles—Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics—Part 6:Diagnostic trouble code definitions)
ISO 15765-4道路車輛 對控制器區(qū)域網(wǎng)(CAN)的診斷第4部分:與排放相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的要求(Road vehicles—Diagnostics on Controller Area Network(CAN)—Part 4:Requirements for emissions-related systems)
ISO 19689摩托車和輕便摩托車 車輛和外部診斷裝置之間的通信 診斷連接器和相關(guān)電路,技術(shù)要求及使用(Motorcycles and Mopeds—Communication between vehicle and extemal equipment for diagnostics—Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits,specification and use)
ISO 22901-2道路車輛 開放式診斷數(shù)據(jù)交換(ODX)第2部分:與排放有關(guān)的診斷數(shù)據(jù)(Road vehicles—Open diagnostic data exchange(ODX)—Part 2:Emissions-related diagnostic data)
SAE J1850 B級數(shù)據(jù)通信網(wǎng)接口(Class B data communications network interface)
3術(shù)語和定義
下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
3.1
摩托車motorcycle
按照GB/T 15089—2001規(guī)定:
兩輪摩托車(L3類):若使用熱力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),其氣缸排量超過50 ml,或無論何種驅(qū)動(dòng)方式,最高設(shè)計(jì)車速超過50 km/h的兩輪車輛。
邊三輪摩托車(L4類):若使用熱力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),其氣缸排量超過50 ml,或無論何種驅(qū)動(dòng)方式,最高設(shè)計(jì)車速超過50 km/h,三個(gè)車輪相對于車輛的縱向中心平面為非對稱布置的車輛(帶邊斗的摩托車)。
正三輪摩托車(L5類):若使用熱力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),其氣缸排量超過50 ml,或無論何種驅(qū)動(dòng)方式,最高設(shè)計(jì)車速超過50 km/h,三個(gè)車輪相對于車輛的縱向中心平面為對稱布置的車輛。
3.2
型式檢驗(yàn)type test
指摩托車的一種車型在設(shè)計(jì)完成后,對試制出來的新產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行的定型試驗(yàn),以驗(yàn)證產(chǎn)品能否滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)技術(shù)要求的檢驗(yàn)。
3.3
氣體燃料gas fuel
指液化石油氣(LPG)或天然氣(NG)。
3.4
兩用燃料車 bi-fuel motorcycle
指既能用汽油又能用一種氣體作為燃料,但兩種燃料不能同時(shí)燃用的摩托車。
3.5
單一氣體燃料車mono fuel gas motorcycle
指只能燃用某一種氣體燃料(LPG或NG)的摩托車,或能燃用某種氣體燃料(LPG或NG)和汽油,但汽油僅用于緊急情況或發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)用的摩托車。
3.6
當(dāng)量慣量equivalent inertia
指在底盤測功機(jī)上用慣量模擬器模擬摩托車行駛中移動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量所相當(dāng)?shù)馁|(zhì)量。
3.7
基準(zhǔn)質(zhì)量refefence mass
基準(zhǔn)質(zhì)量指摩托車的整車整備質(zhì)量加上75 kg駕駛員質(zhì)量。
3.8
稀釋排氣diluted gases
指摩托車排氣被周圍空氣稀釋后的均勻混合氣。
3.9
氣態(tài)污染物gaseous pollutants
指排氣污染物中的一氧化碳(CO)、碳?xì)浠衔?HC)和用二氧化氮當(dāng)量表示的氮氧化物(NOx)。
碳?xì)浠衔锛俣ㄌ細(xì)浔热缦拢? ——汽油:C1H1.85;
——柴油:C1H1.86;
——液化石油氣(LPG):C1H2.525;
——天然氣(NG):CH4。
3.10
顆粒物particulate matter(PM)
指按附錄C中所描述的試驗(yàn)方法,在最高溫度為325.2 K(52℃)的稀釋排氣中,由過濾器收集到的排氣成分。
3.11
排氣污染物tailpipe emissions
指摩托車排氣管排放的氣態(tài)污染物和顆粒物。
3.12
怠速與高怠速工況operating mode at normal idling speed or at high idling speed
怠速工況指發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)無負(fù)載最低穩(wěn)定運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài),即發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),變速器處于空擋,油門控制器處于最小位置,阻風(fēng)門全開,發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速符合制造企業(yè)技術(shù)文件的規(guī)定。
高怠速工況指滿足上述條件(油門控制器位置除外,對自動(dòng)變速器的車輛,驅(qū)動(dòng)輪應(yīng)處于自由狀態(tài)),通過調(diào)整油門控制器,將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)定控制在制造企業(yè)技術(shù)文件規(guī)定的高怠速轉(zhuǎn)速,但高怠速轉(zhuǎn)速不能低于2 000 r/min。若技術(shù)文件沒有規(guī)定,發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速控制在2 500 r/min±250 r/min。
3.13
曲軸箱污染物crankcase emissions
指從發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸箱通氣孔或潤滑系的開口處排放到大氣中的氣態(tài)污染物。
3.14
蒸發(fā)污染物evaporative emissions
指摩托車排氣管排放之外,從摩托車的燃料(汽油)系統(tǒng)損失的碳?xì)浠衔镎魵猓ǎ? 晝間換氣損失(diumal breathing loss):由于燃油箱內(nèi)溫度變化排放的碳?xì)浠衔?用C1H233當(dāng)量表示)。熱浸損失(hot-soak loss):摩托車行駛一段時(shí)間以后,靜置時(shí)從燃料系統(tǒng)排放的碳?xì)浠衔?用C1H2.20當(dāng)量表示)。
3.15
炭罐有效容積volume of the carbon in canister
指炭罐裝活性炭的體積。
3.16
炭罐活性炭質(zhì)量weight of carbon in canister
指炭罐中存儲的活性炭的填充質(zhì)量。
3.17
炭罐有效吸附量efficient loading quality of canister
指吸附蒸氣后炭罐總質(zhì)量與脫附后炭罐總質(zhì)量之差。
3.18
炭罐床容積bed volume of canister
在炭罐中所能容納的活性炭的設(shè)計(jì)容積。
3.19
炭罐丁烷初始工作能力 initial butane working capacity of canister
指經(jīng)過13次試驗(yàn)后,單位炭罐有效容積的有效吸附量。
3.20
臨界點(diǎn)breakthrough point
燃油蒸發(fā)污染物排放量累計(jì)等于2 g的時(shí)刻。
3.21
非外露式油箱non-exposed type of fuel storage tank
指在車輛上,除油箱蓋外,不直接暴露于陽光照射的燃油箱。
3.22
車載診斷(OBD)系統(tǒng)on-board diagnostic system
指排放控制用車載診斷(OBD)系統(tǒng),簡稱OBD系統(tǒng)。它必須具有識別可能存在故障的區(qū)域的功能,并以故障代碼的方式將該信息存儲在電控單元存儲器內(nèi)。
3.23
失效裝置defeat device
一種裝置,它通過測量、感應(yīng)或響應(yīng)摩托車的運(yùn)行參數(shù)(如車速、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、變速器擋位、溫度、進(jìn)氣支管真空度或其他參數(shù)),來激活、調(diào)整、延遲或停止某一部件的工作或排放控制系統(tǒng)的功能,使得摩托車在正常使用條件下,排放控制系統(tǒng)的效能降低。
下列裝置不作為失效裝置:
(1)為保護(hù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不遭損壞或不出事故,以及為了摩托車的安全行駛所需要的裝置;
(2)僅在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)時(shí)起作用的裝置;
(3)在I型或Ⅳ型試驗(yàn)中確實(shí)起作用的裝置。
3.24
不合理排放控制策略irrational emission control strategy
不合理排放控制策略指在摩托車正常工作和使用的條件下,使其排放控制系統(tǒng)的效能降低至不符合型式檢驗(yàn)的排放水平的措施或方法。
3.25
污染控制裝置emission-control devices
指摩托車上用于控制或者限制排氣污染物或蒸發(fā)污染物排放的裝置。
3.26
燃料fuel
指摩托車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)正常使用的燃料,種類包括:
——汽油;
——柴油;
——LPG;
——NG;
——汽油和LPG;
——汽油和NG。
3.27
冷起動(dòng)裝置cold-start device
指臨時(shí)加濃油氣混合氣以輔助發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)的裝置。
4型式檢驗(yàn)和檢驗(yàn)信息公開
4.1 按照本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行型式檢驗(yàn),并滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。
4.2摩托車制造企業(yè)或其授權(quán)代理人應(yīng)按附錄A和附錄B進(jìn)行信息公開,如涉及企業(yè)機(jī)密的內(nèi)容,可僅向主管部門公開信息。
4.3為進(jìn)行第6章所述試驗(yàn),必須向負(fù)責(zé)型式檢驗(yàn)的檢測機(jī)構(gòu)提交一輛代表性樣車。進(jìn)行Ⅳ型試驗(yàn)時(shí)還需提供兩套相同的炭罐,進(jìn)行V型試驗(yàn)時(shí)還需提供兩套相同的催化轉(zhuǎn)化器。
5一般要求
5.1 影響排氣污染物、曲軸箱污染物和蒸發(fā)污染物的零部件,在設(shè)計(jì)、制造和組裝上應(yīng)使摩托車在正常使用條件下,不論遇到哪種振動(dòng),均應(yīng)能滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。
5.2摩托車制造企業(yè)必須采取技術(shù)措施,確保摩托車滿足第6章、第7章的規(guī)定。這樣,則認(rèn)為在正常使用條件下和使用壽命期內(nèi),能有效控制其排氣污染物和蒸發(fā)污染物在本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的限值內(nèi)。
5.3摩托車制造企業(yè)必須采取下列措施之一,防止由于油箱蓋丟失造成的蒸發(fā)污染物過度排放和燃油溢出。
(1)不可拿掉的自動(dòng)開啟和關(guān)閉的油箱蓋;
(2)從設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)上防止油箱蓋丟失所造成的蒸發(fā)污染物過度排放;
(3)其他具有同樣效果的任何措施。例如,拴住的油箱蓋;或油箱蓋鎖和摩托車點(diǎn)火使用同一把鑰匙,且油箱蓋只有鎖上時(shí)才能拔掉鑰匙。
5.4所有摩托車都應(yīng)裝備OBD系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)應(yīng)在設(shè)計(jì)、制造和安裝上,能確保摩托車在整個(gè)壽命期內(nèi)識別并記錄故障的類型。未經(jīng)型式檢驗(yàn),不能對制造企業(yè)采取的技術(shù)措施和摩托車裝備的OBD系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行任何可能影響排放的篡改。OBD系統(tǒng)應(yīng)帶有一個(gè)能迅速讓駕駛員察覺的故障指示器(MI)。
5.5 電控系統(tǒng)安全性應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定:
(1)除得到制造企業(yè)的授權(quán)外,任何采用電控單元控制排放的摩托車,應(yīng)能防止改動(dòng)。任何可插拔的用于存儲標(biāo)定數(shù)據(jù)的芯片,應(yīng)裝入一個(gè)密封的容器內(nèi),或由電子算法進(jìn)行保護(hù),并且對存儲的數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)不能改動(dòng),除非使用了專用工具和專用程序。僅對直接與排放標(biāo)定相關(guān)或與車輛防盜相關(guān)的功能要求滿足該保護(hù)要求。
(2)用電控單元代碼表示的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)參數(shù),應(yīng)不能改動(dòng),除非使用了專用工具和專用規(guī)程『如電控單元零部件焊死或封死,或密閉(或封死)的電控單元盒子1。
(3)采用電控單元可編程序代碼系統(tǒng)(如:電可擦除可編程序只讀存儲器)的制造企業(yè),應(yīng)防止非授權(quán)改編程序。制造企業(yè)應(yīng)采取防非法改動(dòng)對策,以及防編寫功能,例如要求遠(yuǎn)程電子登錄由制造商維護(hù)的電腦系統(tǒng)。該方法應(yīng)向主管部門公開。
5.6摩托車禁止使用失效裝置和(或)不合理排放控制策略。
5.7在滿足下列條件之一時(shí),摩托車可以安裝和使用相關(guān)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制裝置、功能、系統(tǒng)或措施。
(1)僅用于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)保護(hù),冷起動(dòng)或暖機(jī);
(2)僅用于運(yùn)行安全或保險(xiǎn)以及跛行回家。
5.8如果摩托車使用的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制裝置、功能、系統(tǒng)或措施,能夠?qū)е掳l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)采用與正常使用排放試驗(yàn)循環(huán)中采用的控制策略不同的或是經(jīng)過調(diào)整的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制策略,若充分證明該措施不會降低排放控制系統(tǒng)的效率,則允許使用。在其他所有的情況下,均認(rèn)為其是失效裝置。
6型式檢驗(yàn)要求
6.1 試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目
型式檢驗(yàn)時(shí),摩托車試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目見表1。
表1 試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目
試驗(yàn)類型 裝用點(diǎn)燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的摩托車 裝用壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的三輪摩托車
汽油 兩用燃料 單一氣體燃料
I型試驗(yàn)
Ⅱ型試驗(yàn)
Ⅲ型試驗(yàn)
Ⅳ型試驗(yàn)a
V型試驗(yàn)b
OBD系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn) 進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行 進(jìn)行(兩種燃料)進(jìn)行(兩種燃料)進(jìn)行(只汽油)進(jìn)行(只汽油)進(jìn)行(只汽油)進(jìn)行(兩種燃料) 進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
不進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行 進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
不進(jìn)行
不進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
進(jìn)行
注1:I型試驗(yàn):指常溫下冷起動(dòng)后排氣污染物排放試驗(yàn)。
注2:Ⅱ型試驗(yàn):對裝用點(diǎn)燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的摩托車,指測定雙怠速的CO、HC和高怠速的λ值(過量空氣系數(shù));對裝用壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的三輪摩托車,指測定自由加速煙度。
注3:Ⅲ型試驗(yàn):指曲軸箱污染物排放試驗(yàn)。
注4:Ⅳ型試驗(yàn):指蒸發(fā)污染物排放試驗(yàn)。
注5:V型試驗(yàn):指污染控制裝置耐久性試驗(yàn)。
a Ⅳ型試驗(yàn)前,還應(yīng)按6.2.4.3的要求對炭罐進(jìn)行檢測。
b V型試驗(yàn)前,還應(yīng)按6.2.5.1的要求對催化轉(zhuǎn)化器進(jìn)行檢測。
6.2排放限值要求及試驗(yàn)方法
6.2.1 I型試驗(yàn)(常溫下冷起動(dòng)后排氣污染物排放試驗(yàn))
6.2.1.1 所有摩托車均應(yīng)進(jìn)行此項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)。
6.2.1.2對于兩用燃料車,應(yīng)分別使用兩種燃料進(jìn)行I型試驗(yàn)。
6.2.1.3 I型試驗(yàn)應(yīng)按附錄C規(guī)定的方法進(jìn)行。各種排氣污染物氣體用規(guī)定的方法收集和分析。
6.2.1.4 I型試驗(yàn)流程圖見圖1。
6.2.1.5摩托車應(yīng)放置于裝有功率吸收裝置和慣量模擬裝置的底盤測功機(jī)上。
6.2.1.6試驗(yàn)期間排氣被稀釋,并按比例將樣氣收集到采樣袋中。將試驗(yàn)車輛的排氣按照要求進(jìn)行稀釋、取樣和分析,并測量稀釋排氣的總?cè)莘e。
6.2.1.7除6.2.1.8規(guī)定情況外,試驗(yàn)應(yīng)進(jìn)行3次。每次試驗(yàn)所得到的一氧化碳、碳?xì)浠衔铩⒌趸锖蚉M的測量值應(yīng)乘以6.2.5確定的劣化系數(shù),所得計(jì)算值均應(yīng)低于表2中規(guī)定的排放限值。
6.2.1.8盡管有6.2.1.7的規(guī)定,對于上述每一種污染物,當(dāng)3次測量結(jié)果的算術(shù)平均值低于規(guī)定限值時(shí),允許3次測量結(jié)果中有一次超過相應(yīng)的規(guī)定限值,但不得超過限值的1.1倍。對于一種以上的污染物超過規(guī)定限值的情況,不管是發(fā)生在同一次試驗(yàn)中,還是發(fā)生在不同次的試驗(yàn)中都是允許的。
第1次試驗(yàn)
是
合格
否
第2次試驗(yàn)
且
或
第3次試驗(yàn)
不合格
圖1 I型試驗(yàn)流程圖
表2 I型試驗(yàn)排放限值
車輛類型 車輛分類 排放限值/(mg/km) 測試循環(huán)
CO HC NOx HC+NOx PM
兩輪摩托車 I,Ⅱa 1 140 380 70 — — 見附件CC
Ⅲa 1 140 170 90 — —
三輪摩托車 點(diǎn)燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) 2 000 550 250 — — 見附件CD
壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) 740 — 390 460 60
a車輛分類按附錄C中表C.1。
6.2.1.9在以下條件下,6.2.1.7規(guī)定的試驗(yàn)次數(shù)可減少。對6.2.1.7提到的每一種污染物,V1和V2分別代表第一次和第二次的測量結(jié)果,L為6.2.1表2中規(guī)定的每種污染物的限值。
6.2.1.9.1對于所有污染物,當(dāng)V1≤0.70L時(shí),僅需進(jìn)行一次試驗(yàn)。
6.2.1.9.2如果每一種污染物不滿足6.2.1.9.1要求,但每一種污染物符合V1≤0.85L,且V1+V2<1.70L和V2