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All technical contents of this standard are compulsory.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 15083-2006 Strength requirement and test of automobile seats their anchorages and any head restraints.
In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 15083-2006:
——The scope of this standard is modified (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of Edition 2006);
——Definitions of forward-facing seat, rearward-facing seat, side-facing seat and walk-in seat are added (see 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.2.3 and 3.5);
——The requirement that side-facing seats shall not be installed in vehicles of Category M3 (Classes II, III and B) with loading mass no more than 10t and vehicles of Categories M1, N1 and M2 (Classes II, III and B) is added (see 4.1.1);
——The energy-dissipation test method for head restraints is added (see A.1.4.2 in Annex A);
——"Annex G (Informative) Test group" is added;
—— “Static test method for strengths of anchorage, adjustment system, locking system and replacement folding system of seat” (see 5.3.2 of Edition 2006) is deleted.
The technical contents of this standard refer to ECE R17 Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to Seats, Their Anchorages and Any Head Restraints.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB 15083-1994 and GB 15083-2006.
Strength requirement and test method of automobile seats, their anchorages and any head restraints
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, technical requirements and test methods for automobile seats, their anchorages and any head restraints.
It is applicable to:
a) seats, their anchorages and any head restraints of automobiles of Categories M1 and N;
b) seats, their anchorages and any head restraints of automobiles of Categories M2 and M3 not involved in GB 13057;
c) the design of the rear parts of seat-backs and design of devices intended to protect the occupants from the danger resulting from the displacement of luggage in a frontal collision, of vehicle of Category M1.
It does not apply to rearward-facing seats or to any head restraint fitted to these seats.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3730.1 Motor vehicles and trailers - Types - Terms and definitions
GB 11551-2014 The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for motor vehicle
GB 11552 The interior fittings of passenger car
GB 13057 Strength of the seats and their anchorages of passenger vehicles
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
ISO 6487 Road vehicles - Measurement techniques in impact tests - Instrumentation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 3730.1 and GB/T 15089 and the following apply.
3.1
vehicle type
a category of motor vehicles which do not differ in the following essential respects:
a) the structure, shape, dimension, material and mass of the seats, although the seats may differ in covering material and color; differences not exceeding 5% in the mass of the approved type of seat shall be allowed;
b) the type and dimension of the adjustment, displacement and locking systems of seats and their seat-backs and parts;
c) the type and dimension of seat anchorages;
d) the dimension, frame, material and padding of head restraints, although they may differ in covering material and color;
e) the type and dimension of the attachments of the head restraint and the characteristics of the part of the vehicle to which the head restraint is attached, in the case of a separate head restraint.
3.2
seat
a structure which may or may not be integral with the vehicle structure, complete with covering, intended to seat one adult person. The term covers both an individual seat and part of a bench seat
3.2.1
forward-facing seat
a seat used in the moving vehicle, arranged facing the front of the vehicle, with an angle formed by the symmetrical vertical plane of the seat and that of the vehicle of 0°±10°
3.2.2
rearward-facing seat
a seat used in the moving vehicle, arranged facing the rear of the vehicle, with an angle formed by the symmetrical vertical plane of the seat and that of the vehicle of 0°±10°
3.2.3
side-facing seat
a seat used in the moving vehicle, arranged facing the side of the vehicle, with an angle formed by the symmetrical vertical plane of the seat and that of the vehicle of 90°±10°
3.3
bench seat
a structure complete with covering, intended to seat more than one adult person
3.4
folding seat
a self-locking spare seat designed for adult occupants to seat occasionally and easy to operate. Normally, it is in a folding state
3.5
walk-in seat
a seat with seat-back, cushion or the whole being turnable and demountable to provide convenience for occupants behind the seat to get in and out of the vehicle or facilitate placing luggage
3.6
anchorage
a device by which the seat assembly is secured to the vehicle structure, including structurally affected parts of the vehicle
3.7
adjustment system
a device by which the seat or its parts can be adjusted to a position suited to the morphology of the seated occupant The device may have (but not limited to) the following functions:
——longitudinal displacement;
——vertical displacement;
——angular displacement.
3.8
displacement system
a device by which the seat or one of its parts can be displaced and/or rotated without an anchorage, to permit easy access of occupants to the back of the seat
3.9
locking system
a device ensuring that the seat and its parts are maintained in the use position
3.10
transverse plane
a vertical plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle
3.11
longitudinal plane
a plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle
3.12
head restraint
a device used to limit the rearward displacement of an adult occupant's head in relation to his torso in order to reduce the danger of injury to the cervical vertebrae in the event of an accident
3.12.1
integrated head restraint
a head restraint formed by the upper part of the seat-back
Note 1: Head restraints meeting the definitions of 3.12.2 or 3.12.3 below but which can only be detached from the seat or the vehicle structure by the use of tools or by partial or complete removal of the seat covering, meet the present definition.
Note 2: For integrated head restraints, the limit between the head restraint and the seat-back is defined by the plane perpendicular to the reference line at 540mm from the ‘R’ point.
3.12.2
detachable head restraint
a head restraint consisting of a component separable from the seat designed for insertion and positive retention in the seat-back structure
3.12.3
separate head restraint
a head restraint consisting of a component separate from the seat, designed for insertion or positive retention in the structure of the vehicle
3.13
‘R’ point
a design point defined by the vehicle manufacturer for each seating position and established with respect to the three-dimensional reference system
3.14
reference line
center line of the head room probe when the head room probe of the three-dimensional ‘H’ point device leans back against the back panel
3.15
partitioning system
parts or devices which, in addition to the seat-backs, are intended to protect the occupants from displaced luggage
Note 1: In particular, a partitioning system may be constituted by netting or wire mesh located above the level of the seat-backs in their upright or folded down positions.
Note 2: Head restrains fitted as standard equipment for vehicles equipped with such parts or devices shall be considered as part of the partitioning system. However, a seat equipped with a head restraint shall not be considered as being on its own a partitioning system.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General requirements
Side-facing seats shall not be installed in vehicles of Category M3 (Classes II, III and B) with loading mass no more than 10t and vehicles of Categories M1, N1 and M2 (Classes II, III and B), excluding special school bus, ambulance, police car and civil defense and fire-fighting vehicles.
4.2 General requirements applicable to all seats of vehicles of Category M1
4.2.1 Every adjustment and displacement systems shall incorporate a locking system, which shall operate automatically. Locking systems for armrests or other comfort devices are not necessary unless the presence of such devices will cause additional risk of injury to the occupants of a vehicle in the event of a collision.
Folding seats shall be capable of self-locking in the use position.
4.2.2 The unlocking control for a device as referred to in 3.8 shall be placed on the outside of the seat close to the door. It shall be easily accessible, even to the occupant of the seat immediately behind the seat concerned.
4.2.3 While the rear parts of seats situated in area 1, defined in 5.8.1, are subjected to the energy-dissipation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex A, the deceleration of the headform shall not exceed 80g continuously for more than 3ms. Moreover, no dangerous edge shall occur during or remain after the test. The requirements shall not apply to rearmost seats, back-to-back seats, or to the seats complying with GB 11552.
4.2.4 The surface of the rear parts of seats shall exhibit no dangerous projection or sharp edges likely to increase the risk of severity of injury to the occupants. This requirement is considered as satisfied if the surface of the rear parts of seats tested in the conditions specified in 5.1 exhibit radius of curvature not less than:
——2.5mm in area 1;
——5.0mm in area 2;
——3.2mm in area 3;
These areas are defined in 5.8.
This requirement does not apply to:
a) the part projecting less than 3.2mm from the surrounding surface and exhibiting smooth edges, provided that the projecting height is not more than half its width;
b) rearmost seats, back-to-back seats or the seats complying with GB 11552;
c) rear parts of seats situated below a horizontal plane passing through the lowest ‘R’ point in each row of seats (where rows of seats have different heights, starting from the rear, the plane shall be turned up or down forming a vertical step passing through the ‘R’ point of the row of seats immediately in front);
d) parts such as flexible wire mesh.
In area 2, defined in 5.8.2, surfaces may exhibit radius less than 5mm, but not less than 2.5mm provided that they pass the energy-dissipation test prescribed in Annex A. Moreover, these surfaces must be padded to avoid direct contact of the occupant’s head with the seat frame structure.
If the areas defined above contain parts covered with material softer than 50 Shore A hardness, the above requirements, with the exception of those relating to the energy-dissipation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex A, shall apply only to the rigid parts.
4.2.5 No failure shall be shown in the seat frame or in the anchorage, adjustment and displacement systems or locking systems of the seat during or after the tests prescribed in 5.2 and 5.3. Permanent deformations, including ruptures, may be accepted, provided that these do not increase the risk of injury in the event of a collision and the prescribed loads were sustained.
4.2.6 No release of the locking systems shall occur during the tests described in 5.3 and B.2.1 in Annex B.
4.2.7 After the tests, the displacement systems intended for permitting or facilitating the access of occupants shall be in working order; they must be capable, at least once, of being unlocked and shall permit the displacement of the seat or the part of the seat for which they are intended.
Other replacement system, adjusting system and locking system may have deformation and crack but shall be remained in their original locking positions without failure.
In the case of seats provided with head restraints, the strength of the seat-back and of its locking systems is deemed to meet the requirements set out in 5.2 when or after testing in accordance with 5.4.3.6, no breakage of the seat or seat-back has occurred; otherwise the test described 5.2 shall be carried out to inspect whether the strength of the seat-back and of its locking systems meet the requirements.
In the case of seats (bench seats) with more places to sit than head restraints, the test described 5.2 shall be carried out.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Technical requirements
5 Test methods
6 Implementation date
Annex A (Normative) Test procedure for checking energy dissipation
Annex B (Normative) Test method for devices intended to protect the occupants against displacement of luggage
Annex C (Normative) Test method of the seat anchorage and the adjustment, locking and replacement systems
Annex D (Normative) Detailed description of measurement and plotting during test
Annex E (Normative) Determination of the height and width of head restraints
Annex F (Normative) Determination of clearance dimension “a” between head restraints
Annex G (Informative) Test group
