標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號(hào):	GB/T 16507.6-2022
中文名稱(chēng):	水管鍋爐 第6部分：檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收
英文名稱(chēng):	Water-tube boilers—Part 6: Inspection, testing and acceptance
中標(biāo)分類(lèi):	J98    鍋爐及其輔助設(shè)備
行業(yè)分類(lèi):	GB    國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
ICS分類(lèi):	27.060.30 27.060.30    鍋爐和熱交換器 27.060.30
發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu):	國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局 國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)
發(fā)布日期:	2022-03-09
實(shí)施日期:	2022-10-1
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài):	valid
替代舊標(biāo)準(zhǔn):	GB/T 16507.6-2013 水管鍋爐 第6部分：檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收
翻譯語(yǔ)言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數(shù):	21000 字
翻譯價(jià)格(元):	1370.0
交付時(shí)間:	付款后 1 個(gè)工作日

Water-tube boilers - Part 6: Inspection, testing and acceptance 1 Scope This document specifies the requirements for material inspection, product dimension, forming processing and welding joint appearance inspection, through ball inspection, spectrum inspection, nondestructive testing, mechanical property inspection of product welded joints, hydrostatic test, documents for inspection, end-of-manufacturing data, metal nameplate and mark of pressure elements of water-tube boilers and load-bearing non-pressure elements directly connected with them. This document is applicable to the inspection, testing and acceptance of such pressure elements of water-tube boilers and the load-bearing non-pressure elements directly connected with them as are defined in GB/T 16507.1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2652 Tensile test methods on weld and deposited metal GB/T 2900.48 Electrotechnical terminology of boilers GB/T 16507.1 Water-tube boilers - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 16507.5 Water-tube boilers - Part 5: Fabrication JB/T 3375 Rules for receiving acceptance of materials for boiler construction NB/T 47013.2 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 2: Radiographic testing NB/T 47013.3 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing NB/T 47013.4 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 4: Magnetic particle testing NB/T 47013.5 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 5: Penetrant testing NB/T 47013.10 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 10: Ultrasonic time of flight diffraction technique NB/T 47013.11 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 11: Standard practice for X-ray digital radiography NB/T 47013.14 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 14: X-ray computed radiographic testing NB/T 47013.15 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 15: Phased-array ultrasonic testing NB/T 47016 Mechanical property tests of product welded test coupons for pressure equipment AQSIQ [2014] No.114 Special equipment catalogue 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 2900.48 and GB/T 16507.1 and the following apply. 3.1 hydrostatic test pressure pressure applied to the boiler system or pressure components (elements) as required in hydrostatic test 4 Material acceptance 4.1 General requirements The boiler fabrication unit shall formulate material procurement standards, and conduct receiving acceptance for steel plate, steel tube, structural steel plate (used for the fabrication of flange and web of main girder), steel strip, section steel (with a height of 250 mm and above, or angle steel with an edge width of 250 mm and above), round steel (used for the fabrication of pull rod and hanger rod with diameter of 40 mm and above), forgings, steel castings, iron castings, welding materials (including welding rods, welding wires, flux-cored wire and welding flux) for boilers as per the requirements of such standards. 4.2 Material quality certificate 4.2.1 The material fabrication unit shall provide the material using unit with the quality certificate, which shall be complete and printed with traceable information identification and stamped with the quality inspection seal of the material fabrication unit. At the same time, clear and firm steel stamp or other signs shall be marked at obvious part of the material. When the boiler material procurement unit obtains boiler materials from a unit other than the material fabrication unit, the original quality certificate provided by the material fabrication unit or the copy stamped with official seal of material operation unit and the signature or seal of the responsible person shall be obtained. 4.2.2 The contents of quality certificate shall meet the requirements of corresponding material standards, and the materials shall be rejected if their quality certificate fails to comply with the standards. 4.2.3 The material using unit shall be responsible for the authenticity and consistency of the boiler materials and material quality certificates obtained. 4.3 Receiving acceptance of materials The boiler fabrication unit shall conduct receiving acceptance for boiler materials according to those specified in JB/T 3375, and only those that pass the acceptance inspection can be used. 4.4 Marking for receiving acceptance and transfer of marks 4.4.1 Materials that pass the receiving acceptance shall be marked as qualified. 4.4.2 Materials that fail to pass the receiving acceptance shall be marked as unqualified and isolated. 4.4.3 The marks of the materials shall be verified during boiler fabrication and shall be transferred in accordance with those specified in GB/T 16507.5. 5 Product dimension, forming process and appearance inspection of welded joints 5.1 The measuring appliances, instruments and meters used for product testing shall be confirmed to be qualified and shall be used within the validity period. The accuracy of measuring appliances and instruments shall meet the corresponding regulations, and their effective range shall be greater than the estimated value of the product to be measured. 5.2 The cold and hot forming and heat treatment during product fabrication shall comply with those specified in GB/T 16507.5, and corresponding records shall be available. 5.3 The finished products shall be tested for their dimensions, and the test results shall comply with those specified in GB/T 16507.5. 5.4 The welded joints of pressure elements (including welded joints between non-pressure element and pressure element) shall be subject to appearance inspection and meet at least the following requirements. a) The overall dimensions of the weld shall meet the requirements of the design drawings and those specified in process documents; ? b) The height of butt weld shall not be lower than the surface of parent metal, and the weld shall smoothly transition with the parent metal, and there shall be no cracks, slag inclusions, arc pits, incomplete fusion and air holes on the surface of weld and heat affected zone; c) The longitudinal and circumferential welds of boiler drum, water storage tank, header or pipe, and the splicing welds of the seal head shall be free from undercut, and the undercut depth of other welds shall not exceed 0.5 mm, and the total length of undercut on both sides of tube welds shall not exceed 20% of the tube circumference and not exceed 40 mm. d) Depth of concavity: not greater than 2 mm. e) Weld flush at the root of start-up (steam-water) separator, water storage tank, header and pipe: not greater than 3 mm. f) Weld reinforcement of butt weld: 1) Boiler drum, start-up (steam-water) separator, water storage tank, header and pipe: not greater than 15%t and not greater than 4 mm; Note: t is the nominal thickness of the plate or tube in case of single-sided welding, and the groove depth of front and back sides in case of double-sided welding. 2) Tube: ≤ 3 mm. g) Connection weld between flat steel and tube: 1) The welding between flat steel and tube shall be continuous without lack of weld; 2) The weld shall be smooth and flat, the transition between the weld and the parent metal shall be smooth, and there shall be no cracks, slag inclusions, arc pits and other defects on the weld surface; 3) The surface of the weld between the flat steel and the tube shall be free from single pores with a diameter greater than 2 mm, and shall be free from dense pores (with more than 3 small holes in a row) or rows of pores (with more than 5 pores in a straight line for any 100 mm of weld);

Foreword i Introduction v 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Material acceptance 5 Product dimension, forming process and appearance inspection of welded joints 6 Through ball inspection 7 Spectrum inspection 8 Nondestructive testing 9 Inspection of mechanical properties of welded joints of products 10 Hydrostatic test 11 Documents for inspection 12 End-of-manufacturing data, product nameplate and marking

水管鍋爐 第6部分：檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收 1 范圍 本文件規(guī)定了水管鍋爐受壓元件和與其直接連接的承受載荷的非受壓元件的材料檢驗(yàn)、產(chǎn)品尺寸、成形加工及焊接接頭外觀檢查、通球檢查、光譜檢驗(yàn)、無(wú)損檢測(cè)、產(chǎn)品焊接接頭力學(xué)性能檢驗(yàn)、水壓試驗(yàn)、檢驗(yàn)用文件、出廠資料、金屬銘牌和標(biāo)記要求。 本文件適用于GB／T 16507.1界定的水管鍋爐受壓元件和與其直接連接的承受載荷的非受壓元件的檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收。 2 規(guī)范性引用文件 下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過(guò)文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB／T 2652 焊縫及熔敷金屬拉伸試驗(yàn)方法 GB／T 2900.48 電工名詞術(shù)語(yǔ) 鍋爐 GB／T 16507.1 水管鍋爐 第1部分：總則 GB／T 16507.5 水管鍋爐 第5部分：制造 JB／T 3375 鍋爐用材料入廠驗(yàn)收規(guī)則 NB／T 47013.2 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第2部分：射線檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.3 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第3部分：超聲檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.4 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第4部分：磁粉檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.5 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第5部分：滲透檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.10 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第10部分：衍射時(shí)差法超聲檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.11 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第11部分：X射線數(shù)字成像檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.14 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第14部分：X射線計(jì)算機(jī)輔助成像檢測(cè) NB／T 47013.15 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第15部分：相控陣超聲檢測(cè) NB／T 47016 承壓設(shè)備產(chǎn)品焊接試件的力學(xué)性能檢驗(yàn) 特種設(shè)備目錄(國(guó)家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)檢疫總局 2014年第114號(hào)) 3 術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義 GB／T 2900.48和GB／T 16507.1界定的以及下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 水壓試驗(yàn)壓力 hydrostatic test pressure 在水壓試驗(yàn)時(shí)，按規(guī)定對(duì)鍋爐系統(tǒng)或受壓部件(元件)施加的壓力。 4 材料驗(yàn)收 4.1 一般要求 鍋爐制造單位應(yīng)制定材料采購(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并按其規(guī)定對(duì)鍋爐用鋼板、鍋爐用鋼管、結(jié)構(gòu)鋼板(用于制造大板梁的翼板和腹板)和鋼帶、型鋼(高度250 mm及以上、或角鋼邊寬度250 mm及以上)、圓鋼(用于制造拉桿和直徑40 mm及以上的吊桿)、鍛件、鑄鋼件、鑄鐵件、焊接材料(包括焊條、焊絲、藥芯焊絲和焊劑)等進(jìn)行入廠驗(yàn)收。 4.2 材料質(zhì)量證明 4.2.1 材料制造單位應(yīng)向材料使用單位提供質(zhì)量證明書(shū)，質(zhì)量證明書(shū)內(nèi)容應(yīng)齊全，并且印制可追溯的信息化標(biāo)識(shí)，加蓋材料制造單位質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)章，并與實(shí)物相符，同時(shí)在材料的明顯部位做出清晰、牢固的鋼印標(biāo)志或其他標(biāo)志。鍋爐材料采購(gòu)單位從非材料制造單位取得鍋爐用材料時(shí)，應(yīng)取得材料制造單位提供的質(zhì)量證明書(shū)原件或加蓋了材料經(jīng)營(yíng)單位公章和經(jīng)辦負(fù)責(zé)人簽字(章)的復(fù)印件。 4.2.2 質(zhì)量證明書(shū)內(nèi)容應(yīng)符合相應(yīng)材料標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，質(zhì)量證明書(shū)不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的材料應(yīng)予以拒收。 4.2.3 材料使用單位應(yīng)對(duì)所取得的鍋爐用材料及材料質(zhì)量證明書(shū)的真實(shí)性和一致性負(fù)責(zé)。 4.3 材料入廠驗(yàn)收 鍋爐制造單位應(yīng)按照J(rèn)B／T 3375的規(guī)定對(duì)鍋爐用材料進(jìn)行入廠驗(yàn)收，合格后才能使用。 4.4 入廠驗(yàn)收標(biāo)識(shí)及標(biāo)記移植 4.4.1 入廠驗(yàn)收合格的材料應(yīng)有合格標(biāo)識(shí)。 4.4.2 入廠驗(yàn)收不合格材料應(yīng)有不合格標(biāo)識(shí)，并予以隔離。 4.4.3 鍋爐制造過(guò)程中應(yīng)核實(shí)材料標(biāo)記，并應(yīng)按GB／T 16507.5的規(guī)定進(jìn)行材料標(biāo)記移植。 5 產(chǎn)品尺寸、成形加工及焊接接頭外觀檢查 5.1 產(chǎn)品檢測(cè)所用測(cè)量器具、儀器儀表應(yīng)經(jīng)確認(rèn)合格，并應(yīng)在確認(rèn)有效期內(nèi)使用。測(cè)量器具、儀器儀表的精度應(yīng)符合相應(yīng)規(guī)定，其有效量程應(yīng)大于被測(cè)產(chǎn)品的檢測(cè)值。 5.2 產(chǎn)品制作過(guò)程中的冷、熱加工成形、熱處理應(yīng)符合GB／T16507.5的規(guī)定，應(yīng)有相應(yīng)的記錄。 5.3 制作完工的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的尺寸檢測(cè)，檢測(cè)結(jié)果應(yīng)符合GB／T16507.5的規(guī)定。 5.4 壓元件焊接接頭(包括非受壓元件與受壓元件焊接的接頭)應(yīng)進(jìn)行外觀檢查，至少滿(mǎn)足以下要求。 a) 焊縫外形尺寸應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)圖樣和工藝文件的要求。 b) 對(duì)接焊縫高度不應(yīng)低于母材表面，焊縫與母材應(yīng)平滑過(guò)渡，焊縫和熱影響區(qū)表面無(wú)裂紋、夾渣、弧坑、未熔合和氣孔。 c) 鍋筒、啟動(dòng)(汽水)分離器、儲(chǔ)水箱、集箱或管道的縱、環(huán)縫及封頭的拼接焊縫無(wú)咬邊，其余焊縫咬邊深度不大于0.5 mm，管子焊縫兩側(cè)咬邊總長(zhǎng)度不大于管子周長(zhǎng)的20%，且不大于40 mm。 d) 內(nèi)凹深度：不大于2 mm。 e) 啟動(dòng)(汽水)分離器、儲(chǔ)水箱、集箱、管道的根部凸出：不大于3 mm。 f) 對(duì)接焊縫余高： 1) 鍋筒、啟動(dòng)(汽水)分離器、儲(chǔ)水箱、集箱、管道：不大于15%t且不大于4 mm； 注：?jiǎn)蚊婧笗r(shí)，t為板材或管材的名義厚度；雙面焊時(shí)，t為正、反面的坡口深度。 2) 管子：不大于3 mm。 g) 扁鋼與管子的連接焊縫： 1) 扁鋼與管子的焊接應(yīng)連續(xù)，不應(yīng)有漏焊； 2) 焊縫成形應(yīng)光滑、平整，焊縫與母材之間應(yīng)圓滑過(guò)渡，焊縫表面不應(yīng)有裂縫、夾渣、弧坑等缺陷； 3) 扁鋼與管子之間的焊縫表面不應(yīng)有直徑大于2 mm的單個(gè)氣孔，同時(shí)也不應(yīng)存在密集性氣孔(3個(gè)以上小孔連成一片)或成排氣孔(任意100 mm焊縫直線范圍內(nèi)氣孔數(shù)多 于5個(gè))； 4) 焊縫咬邊深度在管子側(cè)不應(yīng)大于0.5 mm，咬邊總長(zhǎng)度不大于管子長(zhǎng)度的25%，且連續(xù)長(zhǎng)度不超過(guò)500 mm；扁鋼側(cè)咬邊深度不大于0.8 mm； 5) 扁鋼與管子焊接時(shí)不應(yīng)燒穿管子，如有燒穿，則該部位應(yīng)用相同材料、相同規(guī)格的管子替換，且替換長(zhǎng)度不應(yīng)小于300 mm； 6) 扁鋼與管子焊接的熔深應(yīng)符合GB／T 16507.5的規(guī)定。 6 通球檢查 6.1 公稱(chēng)外徑不大于60 mm的受熱面管子的對(duì)接接頭或彎管應(yīng)進(jìn)行通球檢查，通球應(yīng)采用鋼球，通球直徑(db)按表1或表2的規(guī)定。 表1 對(duì)接接頭通球直徑 單位為毫米 注：d——管子的公稱(chēng)內(nèi)徑，單位為毫米(mm)。 表2 彎管通球直徑 單位為毫米 R／D R／D＜1.0 1.0≤R／D＜1.4 1.4≤R／D＜1.8 1.8≤R／D＜2.5 2.5≤R／D＜3.5 R／D≥3.5 db d≥0.65d ≥0.70d ≥0.75d ≥0.80d ≥0.85d ≥0.90d 注：R——管子彎曲半徑，單位為毫米(mm)； D——管子的公稱(chēng)外徑，單位為毫米(mm)； d——管子的公稱(chēng)內(nèi)徑，單位為毫米(mm)。 6.2 既有彎頭又有對(duì)接接頭的管子，通球直徑應(yīng)是按表1和表2規(guī)定選取結(jié)果中的較小值。 6.3 通球用鋼球的制造直徑偏差為－0.2 mm，即實(shí)際選用鋼球直徑可比通球直徑小0.2 mm。 6.4 內(nèi)螺紋管通球時(shí)，應(yīng)按內(nèi)螺紋管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中給出的最小內(nèi)徑選取通球用鋼球，若選用不是內(nèi)螺紋管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的管子規(guī)格或未規(guī)定最小內(nèi)徑時(shí)，則最小內(nèi)徑為管子的公稱(chēng)外徑減去2倍管子公稱(chēng)壁厚與螺紋高度之和，即：d＝D－2×(管子公稱(chēng)壁厚+螺紋高度)。 6.5 若按6.1～6.4的規(guī)定通球遇阻，則按管子實(shí)測(cè)最小內(nèi)徑選取鋼球進(jìn)行通球。 6.6 為保證管子內(nèi)部清潔度而進(jìn)行的通球檢查可采用海綿球，試驗(yàn)用壓縮空氣的壓力約0.4 MPa。 7 光譜檢驗(yàn) 合金鋼管(管件)對(duì)接接頭焊縫和母材應(yīng)進(jìn)行100%的化學(xué)成分光譜分析驗(yàn)證，并出具光譜分析檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告。 8 無(wú)損檢測(cè) 8.1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)基本方法 無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法主要包括射線(RT)、超聲(UT)、磁粉(MT)、滲透(PT)、渦流(ET)等檢測(cè)方法。射線檢測(cè)方法(RT)包括膠片射線檢測(cè)(F-RT)、數(shù)字成像檢測(cè)(DR)、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助成像檢測(cè)(CR)。超聲檢測(cè)方法(UT)包括脈沖回波法超聲檢測(cè)(PE)、相控陣超聲檢測(cè)(PAUT)和衍射時(shí)差法超聲檢測(cè)(TOFD)。制造單位應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)、工藝及其相關(guān)技術(shù)條件選擇檢測(cè)方法，并制定相應(yīng)的檢測(cè)工藝。 當(dāng)選用衍射時(shí)差法超聲檢測(cè)(TOFD)時(shí)，應(yīng)與脈沖回波法超聲檢測(cè)(PE)組合進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，檢測(cè)結(jié)論以TOFD與PE方法的結(jié)果進(jìn)行綜合判定。 8.2 無(wú)損檢測(cè)人員 無(wú)損檢測(cè)人員應(yīng)按照相關(guān)技術(shù)規(guī)范進(jìn)行考核，取得資格證書(shū)后方可從事相應(yīng)方法和技術(shù)等級(jí)的無(wú)損檢測(cè)工作。 8.3 采用多種無(wú)損檢測(cè)的合格條件 鍋爐受壓部件如采用多種無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，則應(yīng)按各自驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行評(píng)定，均合格后，方可認(rèn)為無(wú)損檢測(cè)合格。 8.4 檢測(cè)記錄 制造單位應(yīng)如實(shí)填寫(xiě)無(wú)損檢測(cè)記錄，正確簽發(fā)無(wú)損檢測(cè)報(bào)告，妥善保管無(wú)損檢測(cè)的操作指導(dǎo)書(shū)、原始記錄、報(bào)告、檢測(cè)部位圖、射線底片、光盤(pán)或電子文檔等資料(含缺陷返修記錄)，其保存期限不少于7年。